@article{65395,
author = {{Kergassner, J. and Lamers, H. and Theiss, F. and Lins, J. and Zhang, B. and Rose, M. and Gutmann, Torsten and Buntkowsky, G.}},
journal = {{Applied Magnetic Resonance}},
number = {{7}},
title = {{{Benchtop NMR for Catalytic Hydrogenation Reactions Suitable for Studies with Parahydrogen}}},
doi = {{10.1007/s00723-025-01825-5}},
volume = {{57}},
year = {{2026}},
}
@article{66419,
abstract = {{
C
2
N‐type carbon materials are typically obtained through high‐temperature treatment of nitrogen‐rich molecular precursors under inert atmosphere. Herein, we demonstrate mechanochemical approaches that enable the synthesis of C
2
N materials, namely by (i) the conversion of hexaazatriphenylenehexacarbonitrile (HAT‐CN) and by (ii) a one‐pot route starting from its molecular precursors, hexaketocyclohexane, and diaminomaleonitrile. Compared with conventional pyrolytic methods, mechanochemical approaches afford higher yields while significantly reducing energy input, thereby improving overall sustainability. The results highlight the decisive role of mechanical energy in directing carbon–nitrogen framework formation and demonstrate mechanochemistry as a versatile alternative to thermal routes for C
2
N synthesis.
}},
author = {{Dippner, Pascal and Grätz, Sven and Lins, Jonas and Gutmann, Torsten and Borchardt, Lars}},
issn = {{1864-5631}},
journal = {{ChemSusChem}},
number = {{9}},
publisher = {{Wiley}},
title = {{{Mechanochemical Near‐Ambient Synthesis of C 2 N Materials From HAT‐CN and its Precursors}}},
doi = {{10.1002/cssc.70678}},
volume = {{19}},
year = {{2026}},
}
@article{65396,
author = {{Pusse, S. and Heinz, S. and Limprasart, W. and Gemmer, L. and Witayakran, S. and Schabel, S. and Presser, V. and Gutmann, Torsten and Gallei, M.}},
journal = {{Polymer Chemistry}},
pages = {{1675--1693}},
title = {{{Development and Modification of Porous Polymer Structures in the Vicinity of Cellulose Fibers}}},
doi = {{10.1039/d5py01203a}},
volume = {{17}},
year = {{2026}},
}
@article{66422,
author = {{Zhang, Zizheng and Müller, Matthias W. and Schmallegger, Max and Paris, Matthias and Haas, Michael and Gescheidt, Georg and Gutmann, Torsten and Griesser, Thomas and Kern, Wolfgang and Bandl, Christine}},
issn = {{0014-3057}},
journal = {{European Polymer Journal}},
publisher = {{Elsevier BV}},
title = {{{Surface initiated radical-promoted cationic photo-polymerization from silica nanoparticles employing a trisacylgermanium photoinitiator}}},
doi = {{10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2026.114800}},
volume = {{254}},
year = {{2026}},
}
@article{66424,
author = {{Salarinejad, Neda and Dinari, Mohammad and Lins, Jonas and Gutmann, Torsten and Chae, Keun Hwa}},
issn = {{2399-3669}},
journal = {{Communications Chemistry}},
publisher = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}},
title = {{{Multicomponent Betti reaction affords covalent organic framework nanoreactor for palladium-catalyzed nitroarene reduction}}},
doi = {{10.1038/s42004-026-02095-3}},
year = {{2026}},
}
@article{66421,
abstract = {{Metallopolymers with 1D phosphorus chains are accessible from simple unstrained precursors and feature a narrow band gap associated with red-shifted absorption in the UV-vis range.}},
author = {{Dey, Subhayan and Szathmári, Balázs and Langgut, Dennis and Gutmann, Torsten and Kelemen, Zsolt and Pietschnig, Rudolf}},
issn = {{2050-7488}},
journal = {{Journal of Materials Chemistry A}},
number = {{38}},
pages = {{25321--25329}},
publisher = {{Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)}},
title = {{{Metallopolymers via thermal dealkylation of unstrained bisphosphanylferrocene precursors}}},
doi = {{10.1039/d6ta02261h}},
volume = {{14}},
year = {{2026}},
}
@article{64034,
abstract = {{This study presents an appealing approach to sustainable catalysis using cellulose filter paper as a support for copper-catalyzed reactions. The paper was functionalized with thiol groups through a reaction with thioglycolic acid, which served a dual purpose: partially reducing Cu(II) to Cu(I) and stabilizing active copper species via Cu–S interactions. Spectroscopic analysis confirmed the formation of highly dispersed multi-valent Cu2O/CuO on the thiol-functionalized cellulose, resulting in a highly efficient copper catalyst. This catalyst demonstrated excellent performance in the oxidative coupling of various amines to imines, achieving yields of 39–99% within 10–30 min. A key advantage of this system is its reusability; the catalyst maintained remarkable stability and activity over ten reaction cycles with straightforward recovery. This paper-based catalyst offers a promising strategy for eco-friendly and cost-effective synthetic processes, with significant implications for green chemistry and industrial applications.}},
author = {{Sangkaworn, Jariyaporn and Limprasart, Waranya and Höfler, Mark Valentin and Gutmann, Torsten and Pornsuwan, Soraya and Bunchuay, Thanthapatra and Tantirungrotechai, Jonggol}},
issn = {{2045-2322}},
journal = {{Scientific Reports}},
number = {{1}},
pages = {{9893}},
title = {{{Copper-supported thiol-functionalized cellulose as a paper-based catalyst for imine synthesis}}},
doi = {{10.1038/s41598-025-95144-1}},
volume = {{15}},
year = {{2025}},
}
@article{64021,
abstract = {{Hyper-cross-linked polymers (HCPs) enable the tailored synthesis of functionalized materials and provide a versatile design strategy for porous macroligands. Based on the prototypical triphenylphosphine (PPh3) monomer, we investigate the role of the involved cross-linking reagents in the formation of polyphosphines and evaluate structure–activity relations for application in the catalytic CO2 hydrogenation: namely by varying the Friedel–Crafts catalyst, the cross-linker unit and the degree of cross-linking. The study of monomeric reactivities shows that phosphines are insufficiently activated by iron chloride catalyzed cross-linking and that the stronger aluminum chloride is required to ensure PPh3 incorporation. Applying aromatic cross-linker units introduces porosity and promotes the accessibility of ligating centers for the immobilized ruthenium species. The thus formed solid catalysts exhibit excellent performances in the hydrogenation of CO2 to formic acid in the aqueous phase and are studied in successive recycling runs. The partial structural degradation of the frameworks during catalysis is addressed by adjusting higher degrees of cross-linking, leading to an improved stabilization of the catalyst. Overall, this study highlights cross-linking strategies for the tailoring of phosphine-based HCPs and the design of stable macroligands under catalytic conditions. Hyper-cross-linked polymers (HCPs) enable the tailored synthesis of functionalized materials and provide a versatile design strategy for porous macroligands. Based on the prototypical triphenylphosphine (PPh3) monomer, we investigate the role of the involved cross-linking reagents in the formation of polyphosphines and evaluate structure–activity relations for application in the catalytic CO2 hydrogenation: namely by varying the Friedel–Crafts catalyst, the cross-linker unit and the degree of cross-linking. The study of monomeric reactivities shows that phosphines are insufficiently activated by iron chloride catalyzed cross-linking and that the stronger aluminum chloride is required to ensure PPh3 incorporation. Applying aromatic cross-linker units introduces porosity and promotes the accessibility of ligating centers for the immobilized ruthenium species. The thus formed solid catalysts exhibit excellent performances in the hydrogenation of CO2 to formic acid in the aqueous phase and are studied in successive recycling runs. The partial structural degradation of the frameworks during catalysis is addressed by adjusting higher degrees of cross-linking, leading to an improved stabilization of the catalyst. Overall, this study highlights cross-linking strategies for the tailoring of phosphine-based HCPs and the design of stable macroligands under catalytic conditions.}},
author = {{Nisters, Arne and Schleuning, Steffen and Buntkowsky, Gerd and Gutmann, Torsten and Rose, Marcus}},
journal = {{ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces}},
number = {{1}},
pages = {{1244–1258}},
publisher = {{American Chemical Society}},
title = {{{Hyper-Cross-Linked Polyphosphines as Nanoporous Macroligands–A Systematic Study on Cross-Linking and Their Catalytic Application in the CO2 Hydrogenation}}},
doi = {{10.1021/acsami.4c17605}},
volume = {{17}},
year = {{2025}},
}
@article{64009,
abstract = {{The understanding of the interactions between cellulose and ionic liquids are the foundation for the development of new processes, to explore new reactions and to establish a circular bioeconomy. The main problem is that direct measurement, from both quantitative and qualitative point of view is challenging. While there are methods to assess solution strength and wettability of ionic liquids with cellulose materials, the main challenge lies in the combination of a solid substrate and an applied liquid, limiting the number of accessible methods. We demonstrate in this paper that an in-situ solid-state NMR spectroscopical approach is capable of monitoring in real-time the mobility of ionic liquids in cellulose-based substrates. Specifically, we employ 1H → 13C cross polarization magic angle spinning (CP MAS) NMR spectroscopy to examine mobility changes over varying exposure times in paper samples treated with ionic liquids. Through this approach, we capture the temporal evolution of IL signals, which in turn provide insights into mobility changes of ILs and also allow for identifying changes in cellulose crystallinity. The approach allows for a simple, semiquantitative assessment of cellulose solubility in ionic liquids and is in principle applicable to other biomass materials as well.}},
author = {{Lins, Jonas and Pachernegg-Mair, Lukas and Höfler, Mark V. and Hajialilou, Solmaz and Spirk, Stefan and Gutmann, Torsten}},
issn = {{0969-0239}},
journal = {{Cellulose}},
number = {{18}},
pages = {{10439–10453}},
title = {{{Time resolved mobility changes of ionic liquids in cellulose by in-situ solid state NMR spectroscopy}}},
doi = {{10.1007/s10570-025-06848-6}},
volume = {{32}},
year = {{2025}},
}
@article{63990,
abstract = {{Herein, we report a solid-state polycyclotrimerization of 1,4-diethynylbenzene using mechanochemical activation in a ball mill, yielding a highly porous and hydrophobic hyperbranched polymer (HBP) with a specific surface area of up to 570 m2 g−1. The reaction, catalyzed by Fe(hmds)2 and conducted under solvent-free conditions, was optimized by varying milling time and frequency. This method enables the efficient synthesis of insoluble, porous organic polymers with high yields (up to 95%) and offers an environmentally friendly alternative to traditional solution-based polymerizations.}},
author = {{Hutsch, Stefanie and Grätz, Sven and Lins, Jonas and Gutmann, Torsten and Borchardt, Lars}},
issn = {{1359-7345}},
journal = {{Chemical Communications}},
number = {{80}},
pages = {{15622–15625}},
publisher = {{The Royal Society of Chemistry}},
title = {{{Solid-state polycyclotrimerization of diynes to porous organic polymers}}},
doi = {{10.1039/D5CC04700E}},
volume = {{61}},
year = {{2025}},
}
@article{63996,
author = {{Koschnik, K. and Ferris, A. M. and Zhang, B. and Lill, J. and Stark, M. and Weinmann, A. and Limbach, H. H. and Gutmann, Torsten and Geyer, D. and Dreizler, A.}},
journal = {{Analytical Chemistry}},
pages = {{in revision}},
title = {{{High-Sensitivity Gas-Phase Raman Spectroscopy for Time-Resolved In-Situ Analysis of Isotope Scrambling over Platinum Nanocatalysts}}},
year = {{2025}},
}
@article{63981,
abstract = {{The thermal behavior of n-octanol and related ether alcohols has been studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The melting point, heat of fusion, and isobaric heat capacities of n-octanol obtained from the DSC measurements are in good agreement with literature values. The ether alcohols display kinetic barriers for forming a solid phase during cooldown. These barriers are least for 6-methoxyhexanol that forms a solid upon cooling except for the highest measured temperature change rate of 40 K·min–1, followed by 4-propoxybutanol that forms a solid during cooldown only at low cooling rates. 2-Pentoxyethanol and 5-ethoxypentanol form a solid during the heating cycle that then melts again upon further heating. 3-Butoxypropanol does not display any exo- and endothermic features for all measured temperature change rates. Consequently, new data on melting point and heats of fusion are reported for the ether alcohols except for 3-butoxypropanol. New isobaric heat capacities are presented as well for the liquid phase of these ether alcohols. The thermal behavior of n-octanol and related ether alcohols has been studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The melting point, heat of fusion, and isobaric heat capacities of n-octanol obtained from the DSC measurements are in good agreement with literature values. The ether alcohols display kinetic barriers for forming a solid phase during cooldown. These barriers are least for 6-methoxyhexanol that forms a solid upon cooling except for the highest measured temperature change rate of 40 K·min–1, followed by 4-propoxybutanol that forms a solid during cooldown only at low cooling rates. 2-Pentoxyethanol and 5-ethoxypentanol form a solid during the heating cycle that then melts again upon further heating. 3-Butoxypropanol does not display any exo- and endothermic features for all measured temperature change rates. Consequently, new data on melting point and heats of fusion are reported for the ether alcohols except for 3-butoxypropanol. New isobaric heat capacities are presented as well for the liquid phase of these ether alcohols.}},
author = {{Hoffmann, Markus M. and Gutmann, Torsten and Buntkowsky, Gerd}},
issn = {{0021-9568}},
journal = {{Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data}},
number = {{1}},
pages = {{600–606}},
publisher = {{American Chemical Society}},
title = {{{Thermal Behavior of n-Octanol and Related Ether Alcohols}}},
doi = {{10.1021/acs.jced.4c00525}},
volume = {{70}},
year = {{2025}},
}
@article{63950,
abstract = {{Sodium-ion batteries are at the forefront of new, sustainable energy systems required for the global energy transition. 23Na in situ solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy is capable of unraveling structures in working electrochemical cells during the charging and discharging processes. To evaluate its suitability for long-term studies, local sodium environments in sodium/sodium ion cells based on silicon carbonitride and hard carbon materials are tracked for up to 49 cycles (228.5?h). The formation of dendrites as well as the decay of a secondary metallic sodium species is observed, and local structures are analyzed up to the point of capacity degradation and cell failure. Initial points of cell breakdown are reflected in the NMR data by characteristic changes in signal intensities, whereas the degradation of the cells is reflected by a cease to periodic signal intensity fluctuations. Meanwhile, ex situ 23Na NMR spectra of the deactivated cells reveal a complex range of environments for sodium ions.}},
author = {{Egert, Sonja and Remesh, Renuka and Jusdi, Agatha Clarissa and Sugawara, Yushi and Schutjajew, Konstantin and Oschatz, Martin and Buntkowsky, Gerd and Gutmann, Torsten}},
journal = {{Batteries & Supercaps}},
keywords = {{solid-state nmr, hard carbon, in-situ, SiCN, sodium ion batteries}},
number = {{n/a}},
pages = {{e202500516}},
publisher = {{John Wiley & Sons, Ltd}},
title = {{{Long-Term Cycling Stability of Sodium/Sodium Ion Cells Probed by In Situ Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy}}},
doi = {{10.1002/batt.202500516}},
volume = {{n/a}},
year = {{2025}},
}
@article{63945,
abstract = {{para-Hydrogen induced polarisation (PHIP) is an excellent tool for extracting mechanistic information in catalysis since it circumvents the intrinsic low sensitivity of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. We report a class of iron complexes that are highly active in olefin hydrogenation catalysis and act as PHIP catalysts at 1.4 Tesla. Moreover, hyperpolarisation transfer to 19F is observed.}},
author = {{Doll, Julianna S. and Kergassner, Jan and Zhang, Bingyu and Thiele, Christina M. and Buntkowsky, Gerd and Enders, Markus and Gutmann, Torsten and Roşca, Dragoş-Adrian}},
journal = {{Chemical Communications}},
number = {{61}},
pages = {{11421–11424}},
publisher = {{The Royal Society of Chemistry}},
title = {{{Highly active iron catalysts for olefin hydrogenation enable para-hydrogen induced hyperpolarisation of 1H and 19F NMR resonances at 1.4 Tesla}}},
doi = {{10.1039/D5CC02409A}},
volume = {{61}},
year = {{2025}},
}
@article{63921,
abstract = {{Redox flow batteries (RFBs) are promising solutions for large-scale stationary energy storage due to their scalability and long cycle life. The efficient operation of RFBs requires a thorough understanding of the complex electrochemical processes occurring during charging and discharging. This review provides an overview and perspective of in situ and in operando analytical techniques to monitor RFBs. In more detail, these advanced techniques allow for real-time observation of redox reactions, ion transport, and electrode–electrolyte interactions under working conditions, offering insights into formation of intermediate species and mechanisms of electrolyte degradation, State-of-Charge (SoC), and ion crossover. By discussing the principles, capabilities, and limitations of techniques such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), tomography and radiography, mass spectrometry (MS), and fluorescence microscopy this review highlights the essential role of in situ and in operando approaches in advancing RFB technology.}},
author = {{Alem, Ahmad and Poormehrabi, Pooria and Lins, Jonas and Pachernegg-Mair, Lukas and Bandl, Christine and Ruiz, Virginia and Ventosa, Edgar and Spirk, Stefan and Gutmann, Torsten}},
journal = {{Energy & Environmental Science}},
number = {{15}},
pages = {{7373–7401}},
publisher = {{The Royal Society of Chemistry}},
title = {{{Monitoring chemical processes in redox flow batteries employing in situ and in operando analyses}}},
doi = {{10.1039/D5EE01311A}},
volume = {{18}},
year = {{2025}},
}
@article{64063,
abstract = {{Sodium batteries are an attractive alternative for future energy storage as they can be produced with abundant and low-cost materials. Nonetheless, sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are often composed of flammable and volatile carbonate-based liquid electrolytes. Polymer electrolytes have attracted significant attention as safer alternatives. Among polymer electrolytes, single-ion conductive polymer electrolytes (SIPEs) are considered particularly interesting because they can suppress dendrite growth, enabling high-performance (quasi)-solid-state sodium–(metal) batteries. In this work, a self-standing, flexible, quasi-solid-state SIPE is investigated, which is composed of sodium 4-styrene sulfonyl (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (NaSTFSI), pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-mercaptopropionate) (PETMP) and pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (PET4A) blended with poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP). The SIPE membrane, including 50 wt% of molecular transporter, exhibits ionic conductivity of 1.4 × 10−5 S cm−1 and 1.3 × 10−4 S cm−1 at 20 °C and 90 °C, respectively, thermal stability up to 280 °C, electrochemical stability window up to 4.5 V vs. Na/Na+, and Na plating/stripping reversibility in symmetric Na‖Na cells. The manufactured SIPE implemented in Prussian White (PW)‖Na cells enables the delivery of 147 mA h g−1 of PW at 15 mA g−1 with a Coulombic efficiency of over 99%, which is comparable with the PW‖Na cells using liquid carbonate electrolyte, confirming the suitability of the designed SIPE for sodium–(metal) batteries.}},
author = {{Wunder, Clemens and Lai, Thanh-Loan and Šić, Edina and Gutmann, Torsten and Vito, Eric and Buntkowsky, Gerd and Zarrabeitia, Maider and Passerini, Stefano}},
journal = {{Journal of Materials Chemistry A}},
number = {{32}},
pages = {{20935–20946}},
publisher = {{The Royal Society of Chemistry}},
title = {{{Sodium 4-styrenesulfonyl(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide-based single-ion conducting polymer electrolyte incorporating molecular transporters for quasi-solid-state sodium batteries}}},
doi = {{10.1039/D4TA02329C}},
volume = {{12}},
year = {{2024}},
}
@article{64062,
abstract = {{Abstract Novel SBA-15-supported heterogeneous catalysts are synthesized and applied in the Mizoroki?Heck and the Suzuki?Miyaura cross-coupling reactions in green solvents like PEG or water. The structural properties of the products after each synthesis step are monitored by different analytics. The amount of amine/carboxyl groups and vanillin/histidine methyl ester and thermal stability are determined by TGA and elemental analysis, while ICP-OES delivered the amount of palladium of the catalysts. The morphology is investigated by SEM and XPS and confirms the presence of coordinated palladium in the zero-oxidation state. Gas adsorption analysis is conducted, which indicates the presence of palladium clusters in one of the two catalysts, which is underlined by BSE images combined with EDX. A detailed 13C ssNMR and DNP-enhanced 15N ssNMR spectral analysis is presented, which provides ultimate proof of the successful syntheses of the catalysts. The coordination of the palladium onto the carrier material is shown by combining the NMR spectral results with the results of the other analytics. First catalytic tests show for the Mizoroki?Heck reaction yields up to nearly 100% and for the Suzuki-Miyaura up to 88% in the presence of PEG and water, respectively.}},
author = {{Wissel, Till and Rösler, Lorenz and Brodrecht, Martin and Höfler, Mark V. and Herr, Kevin and Oliveira Jr., Marcos and Klimavicius, Vytautas and Ebert, Martin and Breitzke, Hergen and Hoffmann, Markus and Buntkowsky, Gerd and Gutmann, Torsten}},
issn = {{1867-3880}},
journal = {{ChemCatChem}},
keywords = {{SBA-15, Heterogeneous catalyst, Pd cross-coupling, Polyethylene glycol, Solid-state DNP NMR}},
pages = {{e202401511}},
publisher = {{John Wiley & Sons, Ltd}},
title = {{{Novel Heterogeneous Pd Catalysts for Cross-Coupling Reactions in Biocompatible Media: Structural Insights from Solid-State NMR Techniques}}},
doi = {{10.1002/cctc.202401511}},
volume = {{17}},
year = {{2024}},
}
@article{64043,
abstract = {{In this study, electrochemical processes in a Li{\textbar}LiPF6{\textbar}LFP cell have been explored applying advanced solid-state NMR technologies. In situ solid-state NMR allows to monitor structural changes in local environments in commercially available cell components during galvanostatic cycling. In collaboration with Dragonfly Energy, ePROBE GmbH and Bruker BioSpin GmbH & Co. KG, we have demonstrated an experimental procedure for routine application of in situ solid-state NMR for battery research. This points out the high potential of this approach for use in the energy storage industry.}},
author = {{Šić, Edina and Fredericks, Dominion and Pecher, Oliver and Wegner, Sebastian and Breitzke, Hergen and Singh, Vickram and Buntkowsky, Gerd and Gutmann, Torsten}},
issn = {{1613-7507}},
journal = {{Applied Magnetic Resonance}},
number = {{55}},
pages = {{575–583}},
title = {{{Towards Routine 7Li In Situ Solid-State NMR Studies of Electrochemical Processes in Li\textbarLiPF6\textbarLFP Cells}}},
doi = {{10.1007/s00723-024-01643-1}},
year = {{2024}},
}
@article{64017,
abstract = {{Abstract Donor stabilization of Sn(II) and Pb(II) halides with 1,1?-ferrocenylene bridged bisphosphanes has been explored for Fe(C5H4P(C6H5)2)2 (dppf), and Fe(C5H4PH(C4H9))2. These bisphosphanes are reacted with SnBr2 and PbCl2 with and without additional Lewis acid (AlCl3) forming acyclic and cyclic donor adducts from which the latter represent bisphosphoniotetrylenes. Since dynamic exchange in solution is observed, characterization includes solution and solid-state NMR in addition to SC-XRD, amended by DFT calculations.}},
author = {{Nasemann, Sina and Franz, Roman and Kargin, Denis and Bruhn, Clemens and Kelemen, Zsolt and Gutmann, Torsten and Pietschnig, Rudolf}},
journal = {{Chemistry - An Asian Journal}},
keywords = {{ferrocene, lead, phosphorus, tetrylene, tin}},
number = {{8}},
pages = {{e202300950}},
publisher = {{John Wiley & Sons, Ltd}},
title = {{{At the limits of bisphosphonio-substituted stannylenes}}},
doi = {{10.1002/asia.202300950}},
volume = {{19}},
year = {{2024}},
}
@article{64020,
abstract = {{Porous organic polymers enable a novel approach to incorporate xantphos into a solid macroligand. Immobilizing a ruthenium complex on the xantphos framework results in an excellent catalyst for the hydrogenation of CO2 to formic acid. Recycling experiments indicate a minor partial degradation of the heterogenous catalyst after a certain induction period, which is referred to its structural changes.}},
author = {{Nisters, Arne and Gutmann, Torsten and Kim, Sun-Myung and Hofmann, Jan Philipp and Rose, Marcus}},
journal = {{RSC Sustainability}},
number = {{8}},
pages = {{2213–2217}},
publisher = {{RSC}},
title = {{{A solid xantphos macroligand based on porous organic polymers for the catalytic hydrogenation of CO2}}},
doi = {{10.1039/D4SU00164H}},
volume = {{2}},
year = {{2024}},
}