---
_id: '45895'
author:
- first_name: Holger
  full_name: Karl, Holger
  id: '126'
  last_name: Karl
- first_name: Marten
  full_name: Maack, Marten
  id: '88252'
  last_name: Maack
- first_name: Friedhelm
  full_name: Meyer auf der Heide, Friedhelm
  id: '15523'
  last_name: Meyer auf der Heide
- first_name: Simon
  full_name: Pukrop, Simon
  id: '44428'
  last_name: Pukrop
- first_name: Adrian
  full_name: Redder, Adrian
  id: '52265'
  last_name: Redder
  orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7391-4688
citation:
  ama: 'Karl H, Maack M, Meyer auf der Heide F, Pukrop S, Redder A. On-The-Fly Compute
    Centers II: Execution of Composed Services in Configurable Compute Centers. In:
    Haake C-J, Meyer auf der Heide F, Platzner M, Wachsmuth H, Wehrheim H, eds. <i>On-The-Fly
    Computing -- Individualized IT-Services in Dynamic Markets</i>. Vol 412. Verlagsschriftenreihe
    des Heinz Nixdorf Instituts. Heinz Nixdorf Institut, Universität Paderborn; 2023:183-202.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8068664">10.5281/zenodo.8068664</a>'
  apa: 'Karl, H., Maack, M., Meyer auf der Heide, F., Pukrop, S., &#38; Redder, A.
    (2023). On-The-Fly Compute Centers II: Execution of Composed Services in Configurable
    Compute Centers. In C.-J. Haake, F. Meyer auf der Heide, M. Platzner, H. Wachsmuth,
    &#38; H. Wehrheim (Eds.), <i>On-The-Fly Computing -- Individualized IT-services
    in dynamic markets</i> (Vol. 412, pp. 183–202). Heinz Nixdorf Institut, Universität
    Paderborn. <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8068664">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8068664</a>'
  bibtex: '@inbook{Karl_Maack_Meyer auf der Heide_Pukrop_Redder_2023, place={Paderborn},
    series={Verlagsschriftenreihe des Heinz Nixdorf Instituts}, title={On-The-Fly
    Compute Centers II: Execution of Composed Services in Configurable Compute Centers},
    volume={412}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8068664">10.5281/zenodo.8068664</a>},
    booktitle={On-The-Fly Computing -- Individualized IT-services in dynamic markets},
    publisher={Heinz Nixdorf Institut, Universität Paderborn}, author={Karl, Holger
    and Maack, Marten and Meyer auf der Heide, Friedhelm and Pukrop, Simon and Redder,
    Adrian}, editor={Haake, Claus-Jochen and Meyer auf der Heide, Friedhelm and Platzner,
    Marco and Wachsmuth, Henning and Wehrheim, Heike}, year={2023}, pages={183–202},
    collection={Verlagsschriftenreihe des Heinz Nixdorf Instituts} }'
  chicago: 'Karl, Holger, Marten Maack, Friedhelm Meyer auf der Heide, Simon Pukrop,
    and Adrian Redder. “On-The-Fly Compute Centers II: Execution of Composed Services
    in Configurable Compute Centers.” In <i>On-The-Fly Computing -- Individualized
    IT-Services in Dynamic Markets</i>, edited by Claus-Jochen Haake, Friedhelm Meyer
    auf der Heide, Marco Platzner, Henning Wachsmuth, and Heike Wehrheim, 412:183–202.
    Verlagsschriftenreihe Des Heinz Nixdorf Instituts. Paderborn: Heinz Nixdorf Institut,
    Universität Paderborn, 2023. <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8068664">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8068664</a>.'
  ieee: 'H. Karl, M. Maack, F. Meyer auf der Heide, S. Pukrop, and A. Redder, “On-The-Fly
    Compute Centers II: Execution of Composed Services in Configurable Compute Centers,”
    in <i>On-The-Fly Computing -- Individualized IT-services in dynamic markets</i>,
    vol. 412, C.-J. Haake, F. Meyer auf der Heide, M. Platzner, H. Wachsmuth, and
    H. Wehrheim, Eds. Paderborn: Heinz Nixdorf Institut, Universität Paderborn, 2023,
    pp. 183–202.'
  mla: 'Karl, Holger, et al. “On-The-Fly Compute Centers II: Execution of Composed
    Services in Configurable Compute Centers.” <i>On-The-Fly Computing -- Individualized
    IT-Services in Dynamic Markets</i>, edited by Claus-Jochen Haake et al., vol.
    412, Heinz Nixdorf Institut, Universität Paderborn, 2023, pp. 183–202, doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8068664">10.5281/zenodo.8068664</a>.'
  short: 'H. Karl, M. Maack, F. Meyer auf der Heide, S. Pukrop, A. Redder, in: C.-J.
    Haake, F. Meyer auf der Heide, M. Platzner, H. Wachsmuth, H. Wehrheim (Eds.),
    On-The-Fly Computing -- Individualized IT-Services in Dynamic Markets, Heinz Nixdorf
    Institut, Universität Paderborn, Paderborn, 2023, pp. 183–202.'
date_created: 2023-07-07T08:24:28Z
date_updated: 2023-07-07T11:16:53Z
ddc:
- '004'
department:
- _id: '7'
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.8068664
editor:
- first_name: Claus-Jochen
  full_name: Haake, Claus-Jochen
  last_name: Haake
- first_name: Friedhelm
  full_name: Meyer auf der Heide, Friedhelm
  last_name: Meyer auf der Heide
- first_name: Marco
  full_name: Platzner, Marco
  last_name: Platzner
- first_name: Henning
  full_name: Wachsmuth, Henning
  last_name: Wachsmuth
- first_name: Heike
  full_name: Wehrheim, Heike
  last_name: Wehrheim
file:
- access_level: open_access
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: florida
  date_created: 2023-07-07T08:24:20Z
  date_updated: 2023-07-07T11:16:52Z
  file_id: '45896'
  file_name: C4-Chapter-SFB-Buch-Final.pdf
  file_size: 1803186
  relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2023-07-07T11:16:52Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '       412'
language:
- iso: eng
oa: '1'
page: 183-202
place: Paderborn
project:
- _id: '1'
  grant_number: '160364472'
  name: 'SFB 901: SFB 901: On-The-Fly Computing - Individualisierte IT-Dienstleistungen
    in dynamischen Märkten '
- _id: '4'
  name: 'SFB 901 - C: SFB 901 - Project Area C'
- _id: '16'
  grant_number: '160364472'
  name: 'SFB 901 - C4: SFB 901 - On-The-Fly Compute Centers II: Ausführung komponierter
    Dienste in konfigurierbaren Rechenzentren (Subproject C4)'
publication: On-The-Fly Computing -- Individualized IT-services in dynamic markets
publisher: Heinz Nixdorf Institut, Universität Paderborn
series_title: Verlagsschriftenreihe des Heinz Nixdorf Instituts
status: public
title: 'On-The-Fly Compute Centers II: Execution of Composed Services in Configurable
  Compute Centers'
type: book_chapter
user_id: '477'
volume: 412
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '30236'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "Recent reinforcement learning approaches for continuous control in wireless
    mobile networks have shown impressive\r\nresults. But due to the lack of open
    and compatible simulators, authors typically create their own simulation environments
    for training and evaluation. This is cumbersome and time-consuming for authors
    and limits reproducibility and comparability, ultimately impeding progress in
    the field.\r\n\r\nTo this end, we propose mobile-env, a simple and open platform
    for training, evaluating, and comparing reinforcement learning and conventional
    approaches for continuous control in mobile wireless networks. mobile-env is lightweight
    and implements the common OpenAI Gym interface and additional wrappers, which
    allows connecting virtually any single-agent or multi-agent reinforcement learning
    framework to the environment. While mobile-env provides sensible default values
    and can be used out of the box, it also has many configuration options and is
    easy to extend. We therefore believe mobile-env to be a valuable platform for
    driving meaningful progress in autonomous coordination of\r\nwireless mobile networks."
author:
- first_name: Stefan Balthasar
  full_name: Schneider, Stefan Balthasar
  id: '35343'
  last_name: Schneider
  orcid: 0000-0001-8210-4011
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Werner, Stefan
  last_name: Werner
- first_name: Ramin
  full_name: Khalili, Ramin
  last_name: Khalili
- first_name: Artur
  full_name: Hecker, Artur
  last_name: Hecker
- first_name: Holger
  full_name: Karl, Holger
  id: '126'
  last_name: Karl
citation:
  ama: 'Schneider SB, Werner S, Khalili R, Hecker A, Karl H. mobile-env: An Open Platform
    for Reinforcement Learning in Wireless Mobile Networks. In: <i>IEEE/IFIP Network
    Operations and Management Symposium (NOMS)</i>. IEEE; 2022.'
  apa: 'Schneider, S. B., Werner, S., Khalili, R., Hecker, A., &#38; Karl, H. (2022).
    mobile-env: An Open Platform for Reinforcement Learning in Wireless Mobile Networks.
    <i>IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium (NOMS)</i>. IEEE/IFIP
    Network Operations and Management Symposium (NOMS), Budapest.'
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Schneider_Werner_Khalili_Hecker_Karl_2022, title={mobile-env:
    An Open Platform for Reinforcement Learning in Wireless Mobile Networks}, booktitle={IEEE/IFIP
    Network Operations and Management Symposium (NOMS)}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Schneider,
    Stefan Balthasar and Werner, Stefan and Khalili, Ramin and Hecker, Artur and Karl,
    Holger}, year={2022} }'
  chicago: 'Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, Stefan Werner, Ramin Khalili, Artur Hecker,
    and Holger Karl. “Mobile-Env: An Open Platform for Reinforcement Learning in Wireless
    Mobile Networks.” In <i>IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium
    (NOMS)</i>. IEEE, 2022.'
  ieee: 'S. B. Schneider, S. Werner, R. Khalili, A. Hecker, and H. Karl, “mobile-env:
    An Open Platform for Reinforcement Learning in Wireless Mobile Networks,” presented
    at the IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium (NOMS), Budapest,
    2022.'
  mla: 'Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, et al. “Mobile-Env: An Open Platform for Reinforcement
    Learning in Wireless Mobile Networks.” <i>IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management
    Symposium (NOMS)</i>, IEEE, 2022.'
  short: 'S.B. Schneider, S. Werner, R. Khalili, A. Hecker, H. Karl, in: IEEE/IFIP
    Network Operations and Management Symposium (NOMS), IEEE, 2022.'
conference:
  end_date: 2022-04-29
  location: Budapest
  name: IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium (NOMS)
  start_date: 2022-04-25
date_created: 2022-03-10T18:28:14Z
date_updated: 2022-03-10T18:28:19Z
ddc:
- '004'
department:
- _id: '75'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: stschn
  date_created: 2022-03-10T18:25:41Z
  date_updated: 2022-03-10T18:25:41Z
  file_id: '30237'
  file_name: author_version.pdf
  file_size: 223412
  relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2022-03-10T18:25:41Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- wireless mobile networks
- network management
- continuous control
- cognitive networks
- autonomous coordination
- reinforcement learning
- gym environment
- simulation
- open source
language:
- iso: eng
oa: '1'
project:
- _id: '1'
  name: 'SFB 901: SFB 901'
- _id: '4'
  name: 'SFB 901 - C: SFB 901 - Project Area C'
- _id: '16'
  name: 'SFB 901 - C4: SFB 901 - Subproject C4'
publication: IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium (NOMS)
publisher: IEEE
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'mobile-env: An Open Platform for Reinforcement Learning in Wireless Mobile
  Networks'
type: conference
user_id: '35343'
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '32811'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'The decentralized nature of multi-agent systems requires continuous data
    exchange to achieve global objectives. In such scenarios, Age of Information (AoI)
    has become an important metric of the freshness of exchanged data due to the error-proneness
    and delays of communication systems. Communication systems usually possess dependencies:
    the process describing the success or failure of communication is highly correlated
    when these attempts are ``close'''' in some domain (e.g. in time, frequency, space
    or code as in wireless communication) and is, in general, non-stationary. To study
    AoI in such scenarios, we consider an abstract event-based AoI process $\Delta(n)$,
    expressing time since the last update: If, at time $n$, a monitoring node receives
    a status update from a source node (event $A(n-1)$ occurs), then $\Delta(n)$ is
    reset to one; otherwise, $\Delta(n)$ grows linearly in time. This AoI process
    can thus be viewed as a special random walk with resets. The event process $A(n)$
    may be nonstationary and we merely assume that its temporal dependencies decay
    sufficiently, described by $\alpha$-mixing. We calculate moment bounds for the
    resulting AoI process as a function of the mixing rate of $A(n)$. Furthermore,
    we prove that the AoI process $\Delta(n)$ is itself $\alpha$-mixing from which
    we conclude a strong law of large numbers for $\Delta(n)$. These results are new,
    since AoI processes have not been studied so far in this general strongly mixing
    setting. This opens up future work on renewal processes with non-independent interarrival
    times.'
author:
- first_name: Adrian
  full_name: Redder, Adrian
  id: '52265'
  last_name: Redder
  orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7391-4688
- first_name: Arunselvan
  full_name: Ramaswamy, Arunselvan
  id: '66937'
  last_name: Ramaswamy
  orcid: https://orcid.org/ 0000-0001-7547-8111
- first_name: Holger
  full_name: Karl, Holger
  id: '126'
  last_name: Karl
citation:
  ama: 'Redder A, Ramaswamy A, Karl H. Age of Information Process under Strongly Mixing
    Communication -- Moment Bound, Mixing Rate and Strong Law. In: <i>Proceedings
    of the 58th Allerton Conference on Communication, Control, and Computing</i>.
    ; 2022.'
  apa: Redder, A., Ramaswamy, A., &#38; Karl, H. (2022). Age of Information Process
    under Strongly Mixing Communication -- Moment Bound, Mixing Rate and Strong Law.
    <i>Proceedings of the 58th Allerton Conference on Communication, Control, and
    Computing</i>. 58th Allerton Conference on Communication, Control, and Computing.
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Redder_Ramaswamy_Karl_2022, title={Age of Information Process
    under Strongly Mixing Communication -- Moment Bound, Mixing Rate and Strong Law},
    booktitle={Proceedings of the 58th Allerton Conference on Communication, Control,
    and Computing}, author={Redder, Adrian and Ramaswamy, Arunselvan and Karl, Holger},
    year={2022} }'
  chicago: Redder, Adrian, Arunselvan Ramaswamy, and Holger Karl. “Age of Information
    Process under Strongly Mixing Communication -- Moment Bound, Mixing Rate and Strong
    Law.” In <i>Proceedings of the 58th Allerton Conference on Communication, Control,
    and Computing</i>, 2022.
  ieee: A. Redder, A. Ramaswamy, and H. Karl, “Age of Information Process under Strongly
    Mixing Communication -- Moment Bound, Mixing Rate and Strong Law,” presented at
    the 58th Allerton Conference on Communication, Control, and Computing, 2022.
  mla: Redder, Adrian, et al. “Age of Information Process under Strongly Mixing Communication
    -- Moment Bound, Mixing Rate and Strong Law.” <i>Proceedings of the 58th Allerton
    Conference on Communication, Control, and Computing</i>, 2022.
  short: 'A. Redder, A. Ramaswamy, H. Karl, in: Proceedings of the 58th Allerton Conference
    on Communication, Control, and Computing, 2022.'
conference:
  name: 58th Allerton Conference on Communication, Control, and Computing
date_created: 2022-08-15T09:59:17Z
date_updated: 2022-11-18T09:31:19Z
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: '75'
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
project:
- _id: '16'
  name: 'SFB 901 - C4: SFB 901 - Subproject C4'
- _id: '1'
  name: 'SFB 901: SFB 901'
- _id: '4'
  name: 'SFB 901 - C: SFB 901 - Project Area C'
publication: Proceedings of the 58th Allerton Conference on Communication, Control,
  and Computing
status: public
title: Age of Information Process under Strongly Mixing Communication -- Moment Bound,
  Mixing Rate and Strong Law
type: conference
user_id: '477'
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '30793'
author:
- first_name: Adrian
  full_name: Redder, Adrian
  id: '52265'
  last_name: Redder
  orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7391-4688
- first_name: Arunselvan
  full_name: Ramaswamy, Arunselvan
  id: '66937'
  last_name: Ramaswamy
  orcid: https://orcid.org/ 0000-0001-7547-8111
- first_name: Holger
  full_name: Karl, Holger
  id: '126'
  last_name: Karl
citation:
  ama: 'Redder A, Ramaswamy A, Karl H. Multi-agent Policy Gradient Algorithms for
    Cyber-physical Systems with Lossy Communication. In: <i>Proceedings of the 14th
    International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence</i>. SCITEPRESS
    - Science and Technology Publications; 2022. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.5220/0010845400003116">10.5220/0010845400003116</a>'
  apa: Redder, A., Ramaswamy, A., &#38; Karl, H. (2022). Multi-agent Policy Gradient
    Algorithms for Cyber-physical Systems with Lossy Communication. <i>Proceedings
    of the 14th International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence</i>.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.5220/0010845400003116">https://doi.org/10.5220/0010845400003116</a>
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Redder_Ramaswamy_Karl_2022, title={Multi-agent Policy Gradient
    Algorithms for Cyber-physical Systems with Lossy Communication}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.5220/0010845400003116">10.5220/0010845400003116</a>},
    booktitle={Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Agents and Artificial
    Intelligence}, publisher={SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications}, author={Redder,
    Adrian and Ramaswamy, Arunselvan and Karl, Holger}, year={2022} }'
  chicago: Redder, Adrian, Arunselvan Ramaswamy, and Holger Karl. “Multi-Agent Policy
    Gradient Algorithms for Cyber-Physical Systems with Lossy Communication.” In <i>Proceedings
    of the 14th International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence</i>.
    SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2022. <a href="https://doi.org/10.5220/0010845400003116">https://doi.org/10.5220/0010845400003116</a>.
  ieee: 'A. Redder, A. Ramaswamy, and H. Karl, “Multi-agent Policy Gradient Algorithms
    for Cyber-physical Systems with Lossy Communication,” 2022, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5220/0010845400003116">10.5220/0010845400003116</a>.'
  mla: Redder, Adrian, et al. “Multi-Agent Policy Gradient Algorithms for Cyber-Physical
    Systems with Lossy Communication.” <i>Proceedings of the 14th International Conference
    on Agents and Artificial Intelligence</i>, SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology
    Publications, 2022, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.5220/0010845400003116">10.5220/0010845400003116</a>.
  short: 'A. Redder, A. Ramaswamy, H. Karl, in: Proceedings of the 14th International
    Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence, SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology
    Publications, 2022.'
date_created: 2022-04-06T07:18:36Z
date_updated: 2022-11-18T09:32:14Z
ddc:
- '006'
department:
- _id: '75'
doi: 10.5220/0010845400003116
file:
- access_level: closed
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: aredder
  date_created: 2022-08-31T07:10:13Z
  date_updated: 2022-08-31T07:10:13Z
  file_id: '33237'
  file_name: ICCART2022.pdf
  file_size: 298926
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2022-08-31T07:10:13Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
project:
- _id: '16'
  name: 'SFB 901 - C4: SFB 901 - Subproject C4'
- _id: '24'
  name: 'NICCI-CN: Netzgewahre Regelung & regelungsgewahre Netze'
- _id: '1'
  name: 'SFB 901: SFB 901'
- _id: '4'
  name: 'SFB 901 - C: SFB 901 - Project Area C'
publication: Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Agents and Artificial
  Intelligence
publication_status: published
publisher: SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications
status: public
title: Multi-agent Policy Gradient Algorithms for Cyber-physical Systems with Lossy
  Communication
type: conference
user_id: '477'
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '30790'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "Iterative distributed optimization algorithms involve multiple agents that\r\ncommunicate
    with each other, over time, in order to minimize/maximize a global\r\nobjective.
    In the presence of unreliable communication networks, the\r\nAge-of-Information
    (AoI), which measures the freshness of data received, may be\r\nlarge and hence
    hinder algorithmic convergence. In this paper, we study the\r\nconvergence of
    general distributed gradient-based optimization algorithms in\r\nthe presence
    of communication that neither happens periodically nor at\r\nstochastically independent
    points in time. We show that convergence is\r\nguaranteed provided the random
    variables associated with the AoI processes are\r\nstochastically dominated by
    a random variable with finite first moment. This\r\nimproves on previous requirements
    of boundedness of more than the first moment.\r\nWe then introduce stochastically
    strongly connected (SSC) networks, a new\r\nstochastic form of strong connectedness
    for time-varying networks. We show: If\r\nfor any $p \\ge0$ the processes that
    describe the success of communication\r\nbetween agents in a SSC network are $\\alpha$-mixing
    with $n^{p-1}\\alpha(n)$\r\nsummable, then the associated AoI processes are stochastically
    dominated by a\r\nrandom variable with finite $p$-th moment. In combination with
    our first\r\ncontribution, this implies that distributed stochastic gradient descend\r\nconverges
    in the presence of AoI, if $\\alpha(n)$ is summable."
author:
- first_name: Adrian
  full_name: Redder, Adrian
  id: '52265'
  last_name: Redder
  orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7391-4688
- first_name: Arunselvan
  full_name: Ramaswamy, Arunselvan
  id: '66937'
  last_name: Ramaswamy
  orcid: https://orcid.org/ 0000-0001-7547-8111
- first_name: Holger
  full_name: Karl, Holger
  id: '126'
  last_name: Karl
citation:
  ama: Redder A, Ramaswamy A, Karl H. Distributed gradient-based optimization in the
    presence of dependent  aperiodic communication. <i>arXiv:220111343</i>. Published
    online 2022.
  apa: Redder, A., Ramaswamy, A., &#38; Karl, H. (2022). Distributed gradient-based
    optimization in the presence of dependent  aperiodic communication. In <i>arXiv:2201.11343</i>.
  bibtex: '@article{Redder_Ramaswamy_Karl_2022, title={Distributed gradient-based
    optimization in the presence of dependent  aperiodic communication}, journal={arXiv:2201.11343},
    author={Redder, Adrian and Ramaswamy, Arunselvan and Karl, Holger}, year={2022}
    }'
  chicago: Redder, Adrian, Arunselvan Ramaswamy, and Holger Karl. “Distributed Gradient-Based
    Optimization in the Presence of Dependent  Aperiodic Communication.” <i>ArXiv:2201.11343</i>,
    2022.
  ieee: A. Redder, A. Ramaswamy, and H. Karl, “Distributed gradient-based optimization
    in the presence of dependent  aperiodic communication,” <i>arXiv:2201.11343</i>.
    2022.
  mla: Redder, Adrian, et al. “Distributed Gradient-Based Optimization in the Presence
    of Dependent  Aperiodic Communication.” <i>ArXiv:2201.11343</i>, 2022.
  short: A. Redder, A. Ramaswamy, H. Karl, ArXiv:2201.11343 (2022).
date_created: 2022-04-06T06:53:38Z
date_updated: 2022-11-18T09:33:01Z
department:
- _id: '75'
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '2201.11343'
language:
- iso: eng
project:
- _id: '16'
  name: 'SFB 901 - C4: SFB 901 - Subproject C4'
- _id: '1'
  name: 'SFB 901: SFB 901'
- _id: '4'
  name: 'SFB 901 - C: SFB 901 - Project Area C'
publication: arXiv:2201.11343
status: public
title: Distributed gradient-based optimization in the presence of dependent  aperiodic
  communication
type: preprint
user_id: '477'
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '30791'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "We present sufficient conditions that ensure convergence of the multi-agent\r\nDeep
    Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) algorithm. It is an example of one of\r\nthe
    most popular paradigms of Deep Reinforcement Learning (DeepRL) for tackling\r\ncontinuous
    action spaces: the actor-critic paradigm. In the setting considered\r\nherein,
    each agent observes a part of the global state space in order to take\r\nlocal
    actions, for which it receives local rewards. For every agent, DDPG\r\ntrains
    a local actor (policy) and a local critic (Q-function). The analysis\r\nshows
    that multi-agent DDPG using neural networks to approximate the local\r\npolicies
    and critics converge to limits with the following properties: The\r\ncritic limits
    minimize the average squared Bellman loss; the actor limits\r\nparameterize a
    policy that maximizes the local critic's approximation of\r\n$Q_i^*$, where $i$
    is the agent index. The averaging is with respect to a\r\nprobability distribution
    over the global state-action space. It captures the\r\nasymptotics of all local
    training processes. Finally, we extend the analysis to\r\na fully decentralized
    setting where agents communicate over a wireless network\r\nprone to delays and
    losses; a typical scenario in, e.g., robotic applications."
author:
- first_name: Adrian
  full_name: Redder, Adrian
  id: '52265'
  last_name: Redder
  orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7391-4688
- first_name: Arunselvan
  full_name: Ramaswamy, Arunselvan
  id: '66937'
  last_name: Ramaswamy
  orcid: https://orcid.org/ 0000-0001-7547-8111
- first_name: Holger
  full_name: Karl, Holger
  id: '126'
  last_name: Karl
citation:
  ama: Redder A, Ramaswamy A, Karl H. Asymptotic Convergence of Deep Multi-Agent Actor-Critic
    Algorithms. <i>arXiv:220100570</i>. Published online 2022.
  apa: Redder, A., Ramaswamy, A., &#38; Karl, H. (2022). Asymptotic Convergence of
    Deep Multi-Agent Actor-Critic Algorithms. In <i>arXiv:2201.00570</i>.
  bibtex: '@article{Redder_Ramaswamy_Karl_2022, title={Asymptotic Convergence of Deep
    Multi-Agent Actor-Critic Algorithms}, journal={arXiv:2201.00570}, author={Redder,
    Adrian and Ramaswamy, Arunselvan and Karl, Holger}, year={2022} }'
  chicago: Redder, Adrian, Arunselvan Ramaswamy, and Holger Karl. “Asymptotic Convergence
    of Deep Multi-Agent Actor-Critic Algorithms.” <i>ArXiv:2201.00570</i>, 2022.
  ieee: A. Redder, A. Ramaswamy, and H. Karl, “Asymptotic Convergence of Deep Multi-Agent
    Actor-Critic Algorithms,” <i>arXiv:2201.00570</i>. 2022.
  mla: Redder, Adrian, et al. “Asymptotic Convergence of Deep Multi-Agent Actor-Critic
    Algorithms.” <i>ArXiv:2201.00570</i>, 2022.
  short: A. Redder, A. Ramaswamy, H. Karl, ArXiv:2201.00570 (2022).
date_created: 2022-04-06T06:53:52Z
date_updated: 2022-11-18T09:33:42Z
department:
- _id: '75'
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '2201.00570'
language:
- iso: eng
project:
- _id: '16'
  name: 'SFB 901 - C4: SFB 901 - Subproject C4'
- _id: '1'
  name: 'SFB 901: SFB 901'
- _id: '4'
  name: 'SFB 901 - C: SFB 901 - Project Area C'
publication: arXiv:2201.00570
status: public
title: Asymptotic Convergence of Deep Multi-Agent Actor-Critic Algorithms
type: preprint
user_id: '477'
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '32854'
author:
- first_name: Adrian
  full_name: Redder, Adrian
  id: '52265'
  last_name: Redder
  orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7391-4688
- first_name: Arunselvan
  full_name: Ramaswamy, Arunselvan
  id: '66937'
  last_name: Ramaswamy
  orcid: https://orcid.org/ 0000-0001-7547-8111
- first_name: Holger
  full_name: Karl, Holger
  id: '126'
  last_name: Karl
citation:
  ama: Redder A, Ramaswamy A, Karl H. Practical Network Conditions for the Convergence
    of Distributed Optimization. <i>IFAC-PapersOnLine</i>. 2022;55(13):133–138.
  apa: Redder, A., Ramaswamy, A., &#38; Karl, H. (2022). Practical Network Conditions
    for the Convergence of Distributed Optimization. <i>IFAC-PapersOnLine</i>, <i>55</i>(13),
    133–138.
  bibtex: '@article{Redder_Ramaswamy_Karl_2022, title={Practical Network Conditions
    for the Convergence of Distributed Optimization}, volume={55}, number={13}, journal={IFAC-PapersOnLine},
    publisher={Elsevier}, author={Redder, Adrian and Ramaswamy, Arunselvan and Karl,
    Holger}, year={2022}, pages={133–138} }'
  chicago: 'Redder, Adrian, Arunselvan Ramaswamy, and Holger Karl. “Practical Network
    Conditions for the Convergence of Distributed Optimization.” <i>IFAC-PapersOnLine</i>
    55, no. 13 (2022): 133–138.'
  ieee: A. Redder, A. Ramaswamy, and H. Karl, “Practical Network Conditions for the
    Convergence of Distributed Optimization,” <i>IFAC-PapersOnLine</i>, vol. 55, no.
    13, pp. 133–138, 2022.
  mla: Redder, Adrian, et al. “Practical Network Conditions for the Convergence of
    Distributed Optimization.” <i>IFAC-PapersOnLine</i>, vol. 55, no. 13, Elsevier,
    2022, pp. 133–138.
  short: A. Redder, A. Ramaswamy, H. Karl, IFAC-PapersOnLine 55 (2022) 133–138.
conference:
  name: IFAC Conference on Networked Systems
date_created: 2022-08-16T09:12:55Z
date_updated: 2022-11-18T10:05:14Z
ddc:
- '006'
department:
- _id: '75'
file:
- access_level: closed
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: aredder
  date_created: 2022-08-31T07:06:30Z
  date_updated: 2022-08-31T07:06:30Z
  file_id: '33236'
  file_name: NecSys2022____Practical_Conditions_for_Conv.pdf
  file_size: 298395
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2022-08-31T07:06:30Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        55'
issue: '13'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 133–138
project:
- _id: '16'
  name: 'SFB 901 - C4: SFB 901 - Subproject C4'
- _id: '1'
  name: 'SFB 901: SFB 901'
- _id: '4'
  name: 'SFB 901 - C: SFB 901 - Project Area C'
publication: IFAC-PapersOnLine
publisher: Elsevier
status: public
title: Practical Network Conditions for the Convergence of Distributed Optimization
type: journal_article
user_id: '477'
volume: 55
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '29220'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "Modern services often comprise several components, such as chained virtual
    network functions, microservices, or\r\nmachine learning functions. Providing
    such services requires to decide how often to instantiate each component, where
    to place these instances in the network, how to chain them and route traffic through
    them. \r\nTo overcome limitations of conventional, hardwired heuristics, deep
    reinforcement learning (DRL) approaches for self-learning network and service
    management have emerged recently. These model-free DRL approaches are more flexible
    but typically learn tabula rasa, i.e., disregard existing understanding of networks,
    services, and their coordination. \r\n\r\nInstead, we propose FutureCoord, a novel
    model-based AI approach that leverages existing understanding of networks and
    services for more efficient and effective coordination without time-intensive
    training. FutureCoord combines Monte Carlo Tree Search with a stochastic traffic
    model. This allows FutureCoord to estimate the impact of future incoming traffic
    and effectively optimize long-term effects, taking fluctuating demand and Quality
    of Service (QoS) requirements into account. Our extensive evaluation based on
    real-world network topologies, services, and traffic traces indicates that FutureCoord
    clearly outperforms state-of-the-art model-free and model-based approaches with
    up to 51% higher flow success ratios."
author:
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Werner, Stefan
  last_name: Werner
- first_name: Stefan Balthasar
  full_name: Schneider, Stefan Balthasar
  id: '35343'
  last_name: Schneider
  orcid: 0000-0001-8210-4011
- first_name: Holger
  full_name: Karl, Holger
  id: '126'
  last_name: Karl
citation:
  ama: 'Werner S, Schneider SB, Karl H. Use What You Know: Network and Service Coordination
    Beyond Certainty. In: <i>IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium
    (NOMS)</i>. IEEE; 2022.'
  apa: 'Werner, S., Schneider, S. B., &#38; Karl, H. (2022). Use What You Know: Network
    and Service Coordination Beyond Certainty. <i>IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and
    Management Symposium (NOMS)</i>. IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium
    (NOMS), Budapest.'
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Werner_Schneider_Karl_2022, title={Use What You Know: Network
    and Service Coordination Beyond Certainty}, booktitle={IEEE/IFIP Network Operations
    and Management Symposium (NOMS)}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Werner, Stefan and
    Schneider, Stefan Balthasar and Karl, Holger}, year={2022} }'
  chicago: 'Werner, Stefan, Stefan Balthasar Schneider, and Holger Karl. “Use What
    You Know: Network and Service Coordination Beyond Certainty.” In <i>IEEE/IFIP
    Network Operations and Management Symposium (NOMS)</i>. IEEE, 2022.'
  ieee: 'S. Werner, S. B. Schneider, and H. Karl, “Use What You Know: Network and
    Service Coordination Beyond Certainty,” presented at the IEEE/IFIP Network Operations
    and Management Symposium (NOMS), Budapest, 2022.'
  mla: 'Werner, Stefan, et al. “Use What You Know: Network and Service Coordination
    Beyond Certainty.” <i>IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium (NOMS)</i>,
    IEEE, 2022.'
  short: 'S. Werner, S.B. Schneider, H. Karl, in: IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and
    Management Symposium (NOMS), IEEE, 2022.'
conference:
  end_date: 2022-04-29
  location: Budapest
  name: IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium (NOMS)
  start_date: 2022-04-25
date_created: 2022-01-11T08:43:26Z
date_updated: 2022-01-11T08:44:04Z
ddc:
- '004'
department:
- _id: '75'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: stschn
  date_created: 2022-01-11T08:39:57Z
  date_updated: 2022-01-11T08:39:57Z
  file_id: '29222'
  file_name: author_version.pdf
  file_size: 528653
  relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2022-01-11T08:39:57Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- network management
- service management
- AI
- Monte Carlo Tree Search
- model-based
- QoS
language:
- iso: eng
oa: '1'
project:
- _id: '1'
  name: 'SFB 901: SFB 901'
- _id: '4'
  name: 'SFB 901 - C: SFB 901 - Project Area C'
- _id: '16'
  name: 'SFB 901 - C4: SFB 901 - Subproject C4'
publication: IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium (NOMS)
publisher: IEEE
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Use What You Know: Network and Service Coordination Beyond Certainty'
type: conference
user_id: '35343'
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '25278'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Using Service Function Chaining (SFC) in wireless networks became popular
    in many domains like networking and multimedia. It relies on allocating network
    resources to incoming SFCs requests, via a Virtual Network Embedding (VNE) algorithm,
    so that it optimizes the performance of the SFC. When the load of incoming requests
    -- competing for the limited network resources -- increases, it becomes challenging
    to decide which requests should be admitted and which one should be rejected.
    In this work, we propose a deep Reinforcement learning (RL) solution that can
    learn the admission policy for different dependencies, such as the service lifetime
    and the priority of incoming requests. We compare the deep RL solution to a first-come-first-serve
    baseline that admits a request whenever there are available resources. We show
    that deep RL outperforms the baseline and provides higher acceptance rate with
    low rejections even when there are enough resources.
author:
- first_name: Haitham
  full_name: Afifi, Haitham
  id: '65718'
  last_name: Afifi
- first_name: Fabian Jakob
  full_name: Sauer, Fabian Jakob
  last_name: Sauer
- first_name: Holger
  full_name: Karl, Holger
  id: '126'
  last_name: Karl
citation:
  ama: 'Afifi H, Sauer FJ, Karl H. Reinforcement Learning for Admission Control in
    Wireless Virtual Network Embedding. In: <i>2021 IEEE International Conference
    on Advanced Networks and Telecommunications Systems (ANTS) (ANTS’21)</i>. ; 2021.'
  apa: Afifi, H., Sauer, F. J., &#38; Karl, H. (2021). Reinforcement Learning for
    Admission Control in Wireless Virtual Network Embedding. <i>2021 IEEE International
    Conference on Advanced Networks and Telecommunications Systems (ANTS) (ANTS’21)</i>.
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Afifi_Sauer_Karl_2021, place={Hyderabad, India}, title={Reinforcement
    Learning for Admission Control in Wireless Virtual Network Embedding}, booktitle={2021
    IEEE International Conference on Advanced Networks and Telecommunications Systems
    (ANTS) (ANTS’21)}, author={Afifi, Haitham and Sauer, Fabian Jakob and Karl, Holger},
    year={2021} }'
  chicago: Afifi, Haitham, Fabian Jakob Sauer, and Holger Karl. “Reinforcement Learning
    for Admission Control in Wireless Virtual Network Embedding.” In <i>2021 IEEE
    International Conference on Advanced Networks and Telecommunications Systems (ANTS)
    (ANTS’21)</i>. Hyderabad, India, 2021.
  ieee: H. Afifi, F. J. Sauer, and H. Karl, “Reinforcement Learning for Admission
    Control in Wireless Virtual Network Embedding,” 2021.
  mla: Afifi, Haitham, et al. “Reinforcement Learning for Admission Control in Wireless
    Virtual Network Embedding.” <i>2021 IEEE International Conference on Advanced
    Networks and Telecommunications Systems (ANTS) (ANTS’21)</i>, 2021.
  short: 'H. Afifi, F.J. Sauer, H. Karl, in: 2021 IEEE International Conference on
    Advanced Networks and Telecommunications Systems (ANTS) (ANTS’21), Hyderabad,
    India, 2021.'
date_created: 2021-10-04T10:42:20Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:56:58Z
ddc:
- '000'
file:
- access_level: closed
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: hafifi
  date_created: 2021-10-04T10:43:19Z
  date_updated: 2021-10-04T10:43:19Z
  file_id: '25279'
  file_name: Preprint___Reinforcement_Learning_for_Dynamic_Resource_Allocation_in_Wireless_Networks.pdf
  file_size: 534737
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2021-10-04T10:43:19Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- reinforcement learning
- admission control
- wireless sensor networks
language:
- iso: eng
place: Hyderabad, India
project:
- _id: '27'
  name: Akustische Sensornetzwerke - Teilprojekt "Verteilte akustische Signalverarbeitung
    über funkbasierte Sensornetzwerke
publication: 2021 IEEE International Conference on Advanced Networks and Telecommunications
  Systems (ANTS) (ANTS'21)
status: public
title: Reinforcement Learning for Admission Control in Wireless Virtual Network Embedding
type: conference
user_id: '65718'
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '25281'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "Wireless Acoustic Sensor Networks (WASNs) have a wide range of audio signal
    processing applications. Due to the spatial diversity of the microphone and their
    relative position to the acoustic source, not all microphones are equally useful
    for subsequent audio signal processing tasks, nor do they all have the same wireless
    data transmission rates. Hence, a central task in WASNs is to balance a microphone’s
    estimated acoustic utility against its transmission delay, selecting a best-possible
    subset of microphones to record audio signals.\r\n\r\nIn this work, we use reinforcement
    learning to decide if a microphone should be used or switched off to maximize
    the acoustic quality at low transmission delays, while minimizing switching frequency.
    In experiments with moving sources in a simulated acoustic environment, our method
    outperforms naive baseline comparisons"
author:
- first_name: Haitham
  full_name: Afifi, Haitham
  id: '65718'
  last_name: Afifi
- first_name: Michael
  full_name: Guenther, Michael
  last_name: Guenther
- first_name: Andreas
  full_name: Brendel, Andreas
  last_name: Brendel
- first_name: Holger
  full_name: Karl, Holger
  id: '126'
  last_name: Karl
- first_name: Walter
  full_name: Kellermann, Walter
  last_name: Kellermann
citation:
  ama: 'Afifi H, Guenther M, Brendel A, Karl H, Kellermann W. Reinforcement Learning-based
    Microphone Selection in Wireless Acoustic Sensor Networks considering Network
    and Acoustic Utilities. In: <i>14. ITG Conference on Speech Communication (ITG
    2021)</i>. ; 2021.'
  apa: Afifi, H., Guenther, M., Brendel, A., Karl, H., &#38; Kellermann, W. (2021).
    Reinforcement Learning-based Microphone Selection in Wireless Acoustic Sensor
    Networks considering Network and Acoustic Utilities. <i>14. ITG Conference on
    Speech Communication (ITG 2021)</i>.
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Afifi_Guenther_Brendel_Karl_Kellermann_2021, title={Reinforcement
    Learning-based Microphone Selection in Wireless Acoustic Sensor Networks considering
    Network and Acoustic Utilities}, booktitle={14. ITG Conference on Speech Communication
    (ITG 2021)}, author={Afifi, Haitham and Guenther, Michael and Brendel, Andreas
    and Karl, Holger and Kellermann, Walter}, year={2021} }'
  chicago: Afifi, Haitham, Michael Guenther, Andreas Brendel, Holger Karl, and Walter
    Kellermann. “Reinforcement Learning-Based Microphone Selection in Wireless Acoustic
    Sensor Networks Considering Network and Acoustic Utilities.” In <i>14. ITG Conference
    on Speech Communication (ITG 2021)</i>, 2021.
  ieee: H. Afifi, M. Guenther, A. Brendel, H. Karl, and W. Kellermann, “Reinforcement
    Learning-based Microphone Selection in Wireless Acoustic Sensor Networks considering
    Network and Acoustic Utilities,” 2021.
  mla: Afifi, Haitham, et al. “Reinforcement Learning-Based Microphone Selection in
    Wireless Acoustic Sensor Networks Considering Network and Acoustic Utilities.”
    <i>14. ITG Conference on Speech Communication (ITG 2021)</i>, 2021.
  short: 'H. Afifi, M. Guenther, A. Brendel, H. Karl, W. Kellermann, in: 14. ITG Conference
    on Speech Communication (ITG 2021), 2021.'
date_created: 2021-10-04T10:59:50Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:56:59Z
ddc:
- '620'
file:
- access_level: closed
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: hafifi
  date_created: 2021-10-04T10:58:07Z
  date_updated: 2021-10-04T10:58:07Z
  file_id: '25282'
  file_name: ITG_2021_paper_26 (3).pdf
  file_size: 283616
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2021-10-04T10:58:07Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- microphone utility
- microphone selection
- wireless acoustic sensor network
- network delay
- reinforcement learning
language:
- iso: eng
project:
- _id: '27'
  name: Akustische Sensornetzwerke - Teilprojekt "Verteilte akustische Signalverarbeitung
    über funkbasierte Sensornetzwerke
publication: 14. ITG Conference on Speech Communication (ITG 2021)
status: public
title: Reinforcement Learning-based Microphone Selection in Wireless Acoustic Sensor
  Networks considering Network and Acoustic Utilities
type: conference
user_id: '65718'
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '25293'
author:
- first_name: Michael
  full_name: Gunther, Michael
  last_name: Gunther
- first_name: Haitham
  full_name: Afifi, Haitham
  id: '65718'
  last_name: Afifi
- first_name: Andreas
  full_name: Brendel, Andreas
  last_name: Brendel
- first_name: Holger
  full_name: Karl, Holger
  id: '126'
  last_name: Karl
- first_name: Walter
  full_name: Kellermann, Walter
  last_name: Kellermann
citation:
  ama: 'Gunther M, Afifi H, Brendel A, Karl H, Kellermann W. Network-Aware Optimal
    Microphone Channel Selection in Wireless Acoustic Sensor Networks. In: <i>ICASSP
    2021 - 2021 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing
    (ICASSP)</i>. ; 2021. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp39728.2021.9414528">10.1109/icassp39728.2021.9414528</a>'
  apa: Gunther, M., Afifi, H., Brendel, A., Karl, H., &#38; Kellermann, W. (2021).
    Network-Aware Optimal Microphone Channel Selection in Wireless Acoustic Sensor
    Networks. <i>ICASSP 2021 - 2021 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech
    and Signal Processing (ICASSP)</i>. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp39728.2021.9414528">https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp39728.2021.9414528</a>
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Gunther_Afifi_Brendel_Karl_Kellermann_2021, title={Network-Aware
    Optimal Microphone Channel Selection in Wireless Acoustic Sensor Networks}, DOI={<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp39728.2021.9414528">10.1109/icassp39728.2021.9414528</a>},
    booktitle={ICASSP 2021 - 2021 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech
    and Signal Processing (ICASSP)}, author={Gunther, Michael and Afifi, Haitham and
    Brendel, Andreas and Karl, Holger and Kellermann, Walter}, year={2021} }'
  chicago: Gunther, Michael, Haitham Afifi, Andreas Brendel, Holger Karl, and Walter
    Kellermann. “Network-Aware Optimal Microphone Channel Selection in Wireless Acoustic
    Sensor Networks.” In <i>ICASSP 2021 - 2021 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics,
    Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)</i>, 2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp39728.2021.9414528">https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp39728.2021.9414528</a>.
  ieee: 'M. Gunther, H. Afifi, A. Brendel, H. Karl, and W. Kellermann, “Network-Aware
    Optimal Microphone Channel Selection in Wireless Acoustic Sensor Networks,” 2021,
    doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp39728.2021.9414528">10.1109/icassp39728.2021.9414528</a>.'
  mla: Gunther, Michael, et al. “Network-Aware Optimal Microphone Channel Selection
    in Wireless Acoustic Sensor Networks.” <i>ICASSP 2021 - 2021 IEEE International
    Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)</i>, 2021, doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp39728.2021.9414528">10.1109/icassp39728.2021.9414528</a>.
  short: 'M. Gunther, H. Afifi, A. Brendel, H. Karl, W. Kellermann, in: ICASSP 2021
    - 2021 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing
    (ICASSP), 2021.'
date_created: 2021-10-04T12:28:40Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:56:59Z
doi: 10.1109/icassp39728.2021.9414528
language:
- iso: eng
project:
- _id: '27'
  name: Akustische Sensornetzwerke - Teilprojekt "Verteilte akustische Signalverarbeitung
    über funkbasierte Sensornetzwerke
publication: ICASSP 2021 - 2021 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech
  and Signal Processing (ICASSP)
publication_status: published
status: public
title: Network-Aware Optimal Microphone Channel Selection in Wireless Acoustic Sensor
  Networks
type: conference
user_id: '65718'
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '20125'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Datacenter applications have different resource requirements from network
    and developing flow scheduling heuristics for every workload is practically infeasible.
    In this paper, we show that deep reinforcement learning (RL) can be used to efficiently
    learn flow scheduling policies for different workloads without manual feature
    engineering. Specifically, we present LFS, which learns to optimize a high-level
    performance objective, e.g., maximize the number of flow admissions while meeting
    the deadlines. The LFS scheduler is trained through deep RL to learn a scheduling
    policy on continuous online flow arrivals. The evaluation results show that the
    trained LFS scheduler admits 1.05x more flows than the greedy flow scheduling
    heuristics under varying network load.
author:
- first_name: Asif
  full_name: Hasnain, Asif
  id: '63288'
  last_name: Hasnain
- first_name: Holger
  full_name: Karl, Holger
  id: '126'
  last_name: Karl
citation:
  ama: 'Hasnain A, Karl H. Learning Flow Scheduling. In: <i>2021 IEEE 18th Annual
    Consumer Communications &#38; Networking Conference (CCNC)</i>. IEEE Computer
    Society. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/CCNC49032.2021.9369514">https://doi.org/10.1109/CCNC49032.2021.9369514</a>'
  apa: 'Hasnain, A., &#38; Karl, H. (n.d.). Learning Flow Scheduling. In <i>2021 IEEE
    18th Annual Consumer Communications &#38; Networking Conference (CCNC)</i>. Las
    Vegas, USA: IEEE Computer Society. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/CCNC49032.2021.9369514">https://doi.org/10.1109/CCNC49032.2021.9369514</a>'
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Hasnain_Karl, title={Learning Flow Scheduling}, DOI={<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1109/CCNC49032.2021.9369514">https://doi.org/10.1109/CCNC49032.2021.9369514</a>},
    booktitle={2021 IEEE 18th Annual Consumer Communications &#38; Networking Conference
    (CCNC)}, publisher={IEEE Computer Society}, author={Hasnain, Asif and Karl, Holger}
    }'
  chicago: Hasnain, Asif, and Holger Karl. “Learning Flow Scheduling.” In <i>2021
    IEEE 18th Annual Consumer Communications &#38; Networking Conference (CCNC)</i>.
    IEEE Computer Society, n.d. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/CCNC49032.2021.9369514">https://doi.org/10.1109/CCNC49032.2021.9369514</a>.
  ieee: A. Hasnain and H. Karl, “Learning Flow Scheduling,” in <i>2021 IEEE 18th Annual
    Consumer Communications &#38; Networking Conference (CCNC)</i>, Las Vegas, USA.
  mla: Hasnain, Asif, and Holger Karl. “Learning Flow Scheduling.” <i>2021 IEEE 18th
    Annual Consumer Communications &#38; Networking Conference (CCNC)</i>, IEEE Computer
    Society, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/CCNC49032.2021.9369514">https://doi.org/10.1109/CCNC49032.2021.9369514</a>.
  short: 'A. Hasnain, H. Karl, in: 2021 IEEE 18th Annual Consumer Communications &#38;
    Networking Conference (CCNC), IEEE Computer Society, n.d.'
conference:
  end_date: 2021-01-12
  location: Las Vegas, USA
  name: 2021 IEEE 18th Annual Consumer Communications & Networking Conference (CCNC)
  start_date: 2021-01-09
date_created: 2020-10-19T14:27:17Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:54:20Z
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: '75'
doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/CCNC49032.2021.9369514
keyword:
- Flow scheduling
- Deadlines
- Reinforcement learning
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9369514
project:
- _id: '4'
  name: SFB 901 - Project Area C
- _id: '16'
  name: SFB 901 - Subproject C4
- _id: '1'
  name: SFB 901
publication: 2021 IEEE 18th Annual Consumer Communications & Networking Conference
  (CCNC)
publication_status: accepted
publisher: IEEE Computer Society
status: public
title: Learning Flow Scheduling
type: conference
user_id: '63288'
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '21005'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Data-parallel applications are developed using different data programming
    models, e.g., MapReduce, partition/aggregate. These models represent diverse resource
    requirements of application in a datacenter network, which can be represented
    by the coflow abstraction. The conventional method of creating hand-crafted coflow
    heuristics for admission or scheduling for different workloads is practically
    infeasible. In this paper, we propose a deep reinforcement learning (DRL)-based
    coflow admission scheme -- LCS -- that can learn an admission policy for a higher-level
    performance objective, i.e., maximize successful coflow admissions, without manual
    feature engineering.  LCS is trained on a production trace, which has online coflow
    arrivals. The evaluation results show that LCS is able to learn a reasonable admission
    policy that admits more coflows than state-of-the-art Varys heuristic while meeting
    their deadlines.
author:
- first_name: Asif
  full_name: Hasnain, Asif
  id: '63288'
  last_name: Hasnain
- first_name: Holger
  full_name: Karl, Holger
  id: '126'
  last_name: Karl
citation:
  ama: 'Hasnain A, Karl H. Learning Coflow Admissions. In: <i>IEEE INFOCOM 2021 -
    IEEE Conference on Computer Communications Workshops (INFOCOM WKSHPS)</i>. IEEE
    Communications Society. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/INFOCOMWKSHPS51825.2021.9484599">10.1109/INFOCOMWKSHPS51825.2021.9484599</a>'
  apa: 'Hasnain, A., &#38; Karl, H. (n.d.). Learning Coflow Admissions. In <i>IEEE
    INFOCOM 2021 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications Workshops (INFOCOM WKSHPS)</i>.
    Vancouver BC Canada: IEEE Communications Society. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/INFOCOMWKSHPS51825.2021.9484599">https://doi.org/10.1109/INFOCOMWKSHPS51825.2021.9484599</a>'
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Hasnain_Karl, title={Learning Coflow Admissions}, DOI={<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1109/INFOCOMWKSHPS51825.2021.9484599">10.1109/INFOCOMWKSHPS51825.2021.9484599</a>},
    booktitle={IEEE INFOCOM 2021 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications Workshops
    (INFOCOM WKSHPS)}, publisher={IEEE Communications Society}, author={Hasnain, Asif
    and Karl, Holger} }'
  chicago: Hasnain, Asif, and Holger Karl. “Learning Coflow Admissions.” In <i>IEEE
    INFOCOM 2021 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications Workshops (INFOCOM WKSHPS)</i>.
    IEEE Communications Society, n.d. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/INFOCOMWKSHPS51825.2021.9484599">https://doi.org/10.1109/INFOCOMWKSHPS51825.2021.9484599</a>.
  ieee: A. Hasnain and H. Karl, “Learning Coflow Admissions,” in <i>IEEE INFOCOM 2021
    - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications Workshops (INFOCOM WKSHPS)</i>, Vancouver
    BC Canada.
  mla: Hasnain, Asif, and Holger Karl. “Learning Coflow Admissions.” <i>IEEE INFOCOM
    2021 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications Workshops (INFOCOM WKSHPS)</i>,
    IEEE Communications Society, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/INFOCOMWKSHPS51825.2021.9484599">10.1109/INFOCOMWKSHPS51825.2021.9484599</a>.
  short: 'A. Hasnain, H. Karl, in: IEEE INFOCOM 2021 - IEEE Conference on Computer
    Communications Workshops (INFOCOM WKSHPS), IEEE Communications Society, n.d.'
conference:
  end_date: 2021-05-13
  location: Vancouver BC Canada
  name: IEEE INFOCOM 2021 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications
  start_date: 2021-05-10
date_created: 2021-01-16T18:24:19Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:54:42Z
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: '75'
doi: 10.1109/INFOCOMWKSHPS51825.2021.9484599
keyword:
- Coflow scheduling
- Reinforcement learning
- Deadlines
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9484599
project:
- _id: '16'
  name: SFB 901 - Subproject C4
- _id: '4'
  name: SFB 901 - Project Area C
- _id: '1'
  name: SFB 901
publication: IEEE INFOCOM 2021 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications Workshops
  (INFOCOM WKSHPS)
publication_status: accepted
publisher: IEEE Communications Society
related_material:
  link:
  - relation: confirmation
    url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9484599
status: public
title: Learning Coflow Admissions
type: conference
user_id: '63288'
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '21478'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'In this work we use autonomous vehicles to improve the performance of Wireless
    Sensor Networks (WSNs). In contrast to other autonomous vehicle applications,
    WSNs have two metrics for performance evaluation. First, quality of information
    (QoI) which is used to measure the quality of sensed data (e.g., measurement uncertainties
    or signal strength). Second, quality of service (QoS) which is used to measure
    the network''s performance for data forwarding (e.g., delay and packet losses).
    As a use case, we consider wireless acoustic sensor networks, where a group of
    speakers move inside a room and there are autonomous vehicles installed with microphones
    for streaming the audio data. We formulate the problem as a Markov decision problem
    (MDP) and solve it using Deep-Q-Networks (DQN). Additionally, we compare the performance
    of DQN solution to two different real-world implementations: speakers holding/passing
    microphones and microphones being preinstalled in fixed positions. We show that
    the performance of autonomous vehicles in terms of QoI and QoS is better than
    the real-world implementation in some scenarios. Moreover, we study the impact
    of the vehicles speed on the learning process of the DQN solution and show how
    low speeds degrade the performance. Finally, we compare the DQN solution to a
    heuristic one and provide theoretical analysis of the performance with respect
    to dynamic WSNs.'
author:
- first_name: Haitham
  full_name: Afifi, Haitham
  id: '65718'
  last_name: Afifi
- first_name: Arunselvan
  full_name: Ramaswamy, Arunselvan
  id: '66937'
  last_name: Ramaswamy
  orcid: https://orcid.org/ 0000-0001-7547-8111
- first_name: Holger
  full_name: Karl, Holger
  id: '126'
  last_name: Karl
citation:
  ama: 'Afifi H, Ramaswamy A, Karl H. Reinforcement Learning for Autonomous Vehicle
    Movements in Wireless Sensor Networks. In: <i>2021 IEEE International Conference
    on Communications (ICC): IoT and Sensor Networks Symposium (IEEE ICC’21 - IoTSN
    Symposium)</i>. Montreal, Canada; 2021.'
  apa: 'Afifi, H., Ramaswamy, A., &#38; Karl, H. (2021). Reinforcement Learning for
    Autonomous Vehicle Movements in Wireless Sensor Networks. In <i>2021 IEEE International
    Conference on Communications (ICC): IoT and Sensor Networks Symposium (IEEE ICC’21
    - IoTSN Symposium)</i>. Montreal, Canada.'
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Afifi_Ramaswamy_Karl_2021, place={Montreal, Canada}, title={Reinforcement
    Learning for Autonomous Vehicle Movements in Wireless Sensor Networks}, booktitle={2021
    IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC): IoT and Sensor Networks
    Symposium (IEEE ICC’21 - IoTSN Symposium)}, author={Afifi, Haitham and Ramaswamy,
    Arunselvan and Karl, Holger}, year={2021} }'
  chicago: 'Afifi, Haitham, Arunselvan Ramaswamy, and Holger Karl. “Reinforcement
    Learning for Autonomous Vehicle Movements in Wireless Sensor Networks.” In <i>2021
    IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC): IoT and Sensor Networks
    Symposium (IEEE ICC’21 - IoTSN Symposium)</i>. Montreal, Canada, 2021.'
  ieee: 'H. Afifi, A. Ramaswamy, and H. Karl, “Reinforcement Learning for Autonomous
    Vehicle Movements in Wireless Sensor Networks,” in <i>2021 IEEE International
    Conference on Communications (ICC): IoT and Sensor Networks Symposium (IEEE ICC’21
    - IoTSN Symposium)</i>, 2021.'
  mla: 'Afifi, Haitham, et al. “Reinforcement Learning for Autonomous Vehicle Movements
    in Wireless Sensor Networks.” <i>2021 IEEE International Conference on Communications
    (ICC): IoT and Sensor Networks Symposium (IEEE ICC’21 - IoTSN Symposium)</i>,
    2021.'
  short: 'H. Afifi, A. Ramaswamy, H. Karl, in: 2021 IEEE International Conference
    on Communications (ICC): IoT and Sensor Networks Symposium (IEEE ICC’21 - IoTSN
    Symposium), Montreal, Canada, 2021.'
date_created: 2021-03-12T16:02:04Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:55:00Z
language:
- iso: eng
place: Montreal, Canada
project:
- _id: '27'
  name: Akustische Sensornetzwerke - Teilprojekt "Verteilte akustische Signalverarbeitung
    über funkbasierte Sensornetzwerke
publication: '2021 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC): IoT and
  Sensor Networks Symposium (IEEE ICC''21 - IoTSN Symposium)'
status: public
title: Reinforcement Learning for Autonomous Vehicle Movements in Wireless Sensor
  Networks
type: conference
user_id: '65718'
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '21479'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Two of the most important metrics when developing Wireless Sensor Networks
    (WSNs) applications are the Quality of Information (QoI) and Quality of Service
    (QoS). The former is used to specify the quality of the collected data by the
    sensors (e.g., measurements error or signal's intensity), while the latter defines
    the network's performance and availability (e.g., packet losses and latency).
    In this paper, we consider an example of wireless acoustic sensor networks, where
    we select a subset of microphones for two different objectives. First, we maximize
    the recording quality under QoS constraints. Second, we apply a trade-off between
    QoI and QoS. We formulate the problem as a constrained Markov Decision Problem
    (MDP) and solve it using reinforcement learning (RL). We compare the RL solution
    to a baseline model and show that in case of QoS-guarantee objective, the RL solution
    has an optimality gap up to 1\%. Meanwhile, the RL solution is better than the
    baseline with improvements up to 23\%, when using the trade-off objective.
author:
- first_name: Haitham
  full_name: Afifi, Haitham
  id: '65718'
  last_name: Afifi
- first_name: Arunselvan
  full_name: Ramaswamy, Arunselvan
  id: '66937'
  last_name: Ramaswamy
  orcid: https://orcid.org/ 0000-0001-7547-8111
- first_name: Holger
  full_name: Karl, Holger
  id: '126'
  last_name: Karl
citation:
  ama: 'Afifi H, Ramaswamy A, Karl H. A Reinforcement Learning QoI/QoS-Aware Approach
    in Acoustic Sensor Networks. In: <i>2021 IEEE 18th Annual Consumer Communications
    \&#38; Networking Conference (CCNC) (CCNC 2021)</i>. ; 2021.'
  apa: Afifi, H., Ramaswamy, A., &#38; Karl, H. (2021). A Reinforcement Learning QoI/QoS-Aware
    Approach in Acoustic Sensor Networks. In <i>2021 IEEE 18th Annual Consumer Communications
    \&#38; Networking Conference (CCNC) (CCNC 2021)</i>.
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Afifi_Ramaswamy_Karl_2021, title={A Reinforcement Learning
    QoI/QoS-Aware Approach in Acoustic Sensor Networks}, booktitle={2021 IEEE 18th
    Annual Consumer Communications \&#38; Networking Conference (CCNC) (CCNC 2021)},
    author={Afifi, Haitham and Ramaswamy, Arunselvan and Karl, Holger}, year={2021}
    }'
  chicago: Afifi, Haitham, Arunselvan Ramaswamy, and Holger Karl. “A Reinforcement
    Learning QoI/QoS-Aware Approach in Acoustic Sensor Networks.” In <i>2021 IEEE
    18th Annual Consumer Communications \&#38; Networking Conference (CCNC) (CCNC
    2021)</i>, 2021.
  ieee: H. Afifi, A. Ramaswamy, and H. Karl, “A Reinforcement Learning QoI/QoS-Aware
    Approach in Acoustic Sensor Networks,” in <i>2021 IEEE 18th Annual Consumer Communications
    \&#38; Networking Conference (CCNC) (CCNC 2021)</i>, 2021.
  mla: Afifi, Haitham, et al. “A Reinforcement Learning QoI/QoS-Aware Approach in
    Acoustic Sensor Networks.” <i>2021 IEEE 18th Annual Consumer Communications \&#38;
    Networking Conference (CCNC) (CCNC 2021)</i>, 2021.
  short: 'H. Afifi, A. Ramaswamy, H. Karl, in: 2021 IEEE 18th Annual Consumer Communications
    \&#38; Networking Conference (CCNC) (CCNC 2021), 2021.'
date_created: 2021-03-12T16:03:53Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:55:00Z
keyword:
- reinforcement learning
- wireless sensor networks
- resource allocation
- acoustic sensor networks
language:
- iso: eng
project:
- _id: '27'
  name: Akustische Sensornetzwerke - Teilprojekt "Verteilte akustische Signalverarbeitung
    über funkbasierte Sensornetzwerke
publication: 2021 IEEE 18th Annual Consumer Communications \& Networking Conference
  (CCNC) (CCNC 2021)
status: public
title: A Reinforcement Learning QoI/QoS-Aware Approach in Acoustic Sensor Networks
type: conference
user_id: '65718'
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '21543'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "Services often consist of multiple chained components such as microservices
    in a service mesh, or machine learning functions in a pipeline. Providing these
    services requires online coordination including scaling the service, placing instance
    of all components in the network, scheduling traffic to these instances, and routing
    traffic through the network. Optimized service coordination is still a hard problem
    due to many influencing factors such as rapidly arriving user demands and limited
    node and link capacity. Existing approaches to solve the problem are often built
    on rigid models and assumptions, tailored to specific scenarios. If the scenario
    changes and the assumptions no longer hold, they easily break and require manual
    adjustments by experts. Novel self-learning approaches using deep reinforcement
    learning (DRL) are promising but still have limitations as they only address simplified
    versions of the problem and are typically centralized and thus do not scale to
    practical large-scale networks.\r\n\r\nTo address these issues, we propose a distributed
    self-learning service coordination approach using DRL. After centralized training,
    we deploy a distributed DRL agent at each node in the network, making fast coordination
    decisions locally in parallel with the other nodes. Each agent only observes its
    direct neighbors and does not need global knowledge. Hence, our approach scales
    independently from the size of the network. In our extensive evaluation using
    real-world network topologies and traffic traces, we show that our proposed approach
    outperforms a state-of-the-art conventional heuristic as well as a centralized
    DRL approach (60% higher throughput on average) while requiring less time per
    online decision (1 ms)."
author:
- first_name: Stefan Balthasar
  full_name: Schneider, Stefan Balthasar
  id: '35343'
  last_name: Schneider
  orcid: 0000-0001-8210-4011
- first_name: Haydar
  full_name: Qarawlus, Haydar
  last_name: Qarawlus
- first_name: Holger
  full_name: Karl, Holger
  id: '126'
  last_name: Karl
citation:
  ama: 'Schneider SB, Qarawlus H, Karl H. Distributed Online Service Coordination
    Using Deep Reinforcement Learning. In: <i>IEEE International Conference on Distributed
    Computing Systems (ICDCS)</i>. IEEE; 2021.'
  apa: 'Schneider, S. B., Qarawlus, H., &#38; Karl, H. (2021). Distributed Online
    Service Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement Learning. In <i>IEEE International
    Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS)</i>. Washington, DC, USA:
    IEEE.'
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Schneider_Qarawlus_Karl_2021, title={Distributed Online
    Service Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement Learning}, booktitle={IEEE International
    Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS)}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Schneider,
    Stefan Balthasar and Qarawlus, Haydar and Karl, Holger}, year={2021} }'
  chicago: Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, Haydar Qarawlus, and Holger Karl. “Distributed
    Online Service Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement Learning.” In <i>IEEE International
    Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS)</i>. IEEE, 2021.
  ieee: S. B. Schneider, H. Qarawlus, and H. Karl, “Distributed Online Service Coordination
    Using Deep Reinforcement Learning,” in <i>IEEE International Conference on Distributed
    Computing Systems (ICDCS)</i>, Washington, DC, USA, 2021.
  mla: Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, et al. “Distributed Online Service Coordination
    Using Deep Reinforcement Learning.” <i>IEEE International Conference on Distributed
    Computing Systems (ICDCS)</i>, IEEE, 2021.
  short: 'S.B. Schneider, H. Qarawlus, H. Karl, in: IEEE International Conference
    on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS), IEEE, 2021.'
conference:
  location: Washington, DC, USA
  name: IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS)
date_created: 2021-03-18T17:15:47Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:55:04Z
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: '75'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: stschn
  date_created: 2021-03-18T17:12:56Z
  date_updated: 2021-03-18T17:12:56Z
  file_id: '21544'
  file_name: public_author_version.pdf
  file_size: 606321
  relation: main_file
  title: Distributed Online Service Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement Learning
file_date_updated: 2021-03-18T17:12:56Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- network management
- service management
- coordination
- reinforcement learning
- distributed
language:
- iso: eng
oa: '1'
project:
- _id: '1'
  name: SFB 901
- _id: '4'
  name: SFB 901 - Project Area C
- _id: '16'
  name: SFB 901 - Subproject C4
publication: IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS)
publisher: IEEE
related_material:
  link:
  - relation: software
    url: https://github.com/ RealVNF/distributed-drl-coordination
status: public
title: Distributed Online Service Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement Learning
type: conference
user_id: '35343'
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '20693'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "In practical, large-scale networks, services are requested\r\nby users across
    the globe, e.g., for video streaming.\r\nServices consist of multiple interconnected
    components such as\r\nmicroservices in a service mesh. Coordinating these services\r\nrequires
    scaling them according to continuously changing user\r\ndemand, deploying instances
    at the edge close to their users,\r\nand routing traffic efficiently between users
    and connected instances.\r\nNetwork and service coordination is commonly addressed\r\nthrough
    centralized approaches, where a single coordinator\r\nknows everything and coordinates
    the entire network globally.\r\nWhile such centralized approaches can reach global
    optima, they\r\ndo not scale to large, realistic networks. In contrast, distributed\r\napproaches
    scale well, but sacrifice solution quality due to their\r\nlimited scope of knowledge
    and coordination decisions.\r\n\r\nTo this end, we propose a hierarchical coordination
    approach\r\nthat combines the good solution quality of centralized approaches\r\nwith
    the scalability of distributed approaches. In doing so, we divide\r\nthe network
    into multiple hierarchical domains and optimize\r\ncoordination in a top-down
    manner. We compare our hierarchical\r\nwith a centralized approach in an extensive
    evaluation on a real-world\r\nnetwork topology. Our results indicate that hierarchical\r\ncoordination
    can find close-to-optimal solutions in a fraction of\r\nthe runtime of centralized
    approaches."
author:
- first_name: Stefan Balthasar
  full_name: Schneider, Stefan Balthasar
  id: '35343'
  last_name: Schneider
  orcid: 0000-0001-8210-4011
- first_name: Mirko
  full_name: Jürgens, Mirko
  last_name: Jürgens
- first_name: Holger
  full_name: Karl, Holger
  id: '126'
  last_name: Karl
citation:
  ama: 'Schneider SB, Jürgens M, Karl H. Divide and Conquer: Hierarchical Network
    and Service Coordination. In: <i>IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated
    Network Management (IM)</i>. IFIP/IEEE; 2021.'
  apa: 'Schneider, S. B., Jürgens, M., &#38; Karl, H. (2021). Divide and Conquer:
    Hierarchical Network and Service Coordination. In <i>IFIP/IEEE International Symposium
    on Integrated Network Management (IM)</i>. Bordeaux, France: IFIP/IEEE.'
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Schneider_Jürgens_Karl_2021, title={Divide and Conquer:
    Hierarchical Network and Service Coordination}, booktitle={IFIP/IEEE International
    Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM)}, publisher={IFIP/IEEE}, author={Schneider,
    Stefan Balthasar and Jürgens, Mirko and Karl, Holger}, year={2021} }'
  chicago: 'Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, Mirko Jürgens, and Holger Karl. “Divide and
    Conquer: Hierarchical Network and Service Coordination.” In <i>IFIP/IEEE International
    Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM)</i>. IFIP/IEEE, 2021.'
  ieee: 'S. B. Schneider, M. Jürgens, and H. Karl, “Divide and Conquer: Hierarchical
    Network and Service Coordination,” in <i>IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on
    Integrated Network Management (IM)</i>, Bordeaux, France, 2021.'
  mla: 'Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, et al. “Divide and Conquer: Hierarchical Network
    and Service Coordination.” <i>IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated
    Network Management (IM)</i>, IFIP/IEEE, 2021.'
  short: 'S.B. Schneider, M. Jürgens, H. Karl, in: IFIP/IEEE International Symposium
    on Integrated Network Management (IM), IFIP/IEEE, 2021.'
conference:
  location: Bordeaux, France
  name: IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM)
date_created: 2020-12-11T08:39:47Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:54:32Z
ddc:
- '006'
department:
- _id: '75'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: stschn
  date_created: 2020-12-11T08:37:37Z
  date_updated: 2020-12-11T08:37:37Z
  file_id: '20694'
  file_name: preprint_with_header.pdf
  file_size: 7979772
  relation: main_file
  title: 'Divide and Conquer: Hierarchical Network and Service Coordination'
file_date_updated: 2020-12-11T08:37:37Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- network management
- service management
- coordination
- hierarchical
- scalability
- nfv
language:
- iso: eng
oa: '1'
project:
- _id: '1'
  name: SFB 901
- _id: '4'
  name: SFB 901 - Project Area C
- _id: '16'
  name: SFB 901 - Subproject C4
publication: IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM)
publisher: IFIP/IEEE
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Divide and Conquer: Hierarchical Network and Service Coordination'
type: conference
user_id: '35343'
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '21808'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "Modern services consist of interconnected components,e.g., microservices
    in a service mesh or machine learning functions in a pipeline. These services
    can scale and run across multiple network nodes on demand. To process incoming
    traffic, service components have to be instantiated and traffic assigned to these
    instances, taking capacities, changing demands, and Quality of Service (QoS) requirements
    into account. This challenge is usually solved with custom approaches designed
    by experts. While this typically works well for the considered scenario, the models
    often rely on unrealistic assumptions or on knowledge that is not available in
    practice (e.g., a priori knowledge).\r\n\r\nWe propose DeepCoord, a novel deep
    reinforcement learning approach that learns how to best coordinate services and
    is geared towards realistic assumptions. It interacts with the network and relies
    on available, possibly delayed monitoring information. Rather than defining a
    complex model or an algorithm on how to achieve an objective, our model-free approach
    adapts to various objectives and traffic patterns. An agent is trained offline
    without expert knowledge and then applied online with minimal overhead. Compared
    to a state-of-the-art heuristic, DeepCoord significantly improves flow throughput
    (up to 76%) and overall network utility (more than 2x) on realworld network topologies
    and traffic traces. It also supports optimizing multiple, possibly competing objectives,
    learns to respect QoS requirements, generalizes to scenarios with unseen, stochastic
    traffic, and scales to large real-world networks. For reproducibility and reuse,
    our code is publicly available."
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Stefan Balthasar
  full_name: Schneider, Stefan Balthasar
  id: '35343'
  last_name: Schneider
  orcid: 0000-0001-8210-4011
- first_name: Ramin
  full_name: Khalili, Ramin
  last_name: Khalili
- first_name: Adnan
  full_name: Manzoor, Adnan
  last_name: Manzoor
- first_name: Haydar
  full_name: Qarawlus, Haydar
  last_name: Qarawlus
- first_name: Rafael
  full_name: Schellenberg, Rafael
  last_name: Schellenberg
- first_name: Holger
  full_name: Karl, Holger
  id: '126'
  last_name: Karl
- first_name: Artur
  full_name: Hecker, Artur
  last_name: Hecker
citation:
  ama: Schneider SB, Khalili R, Manzoor A, et al. Self-Learning Multi-Objective Service
    Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement Learning. <i>Transactions on Network and
    Service Management</i>. 2021. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/TNSM.2021.3076503">10.1109/TNSM.2021.3076503</a>
  apa: Schneider, S. B., Khalili, R., Manzoor, A., Qarawlus, H., Schellenberg, R.,
    Karl, H., &#38; Hecker, A. (2021). Self-Learning Multi-Objective Service Coordination
    Using Deep Reinforcement Learning. <i>Transactions on Network and Service Management</i>.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/TNSM.2021.3076503">https://doi.org/10.1109/TNSM.2021.3076503</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Schneider_Khalili_Manzoor_Qarawlus_Schellenberg_Karl_Hecker_2021,
    title={Self-Learning Multi-Objective Service Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement
    Learning}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/TNSM.2021.3076503">10.1109/TNSM.2021.3076503</a>},
    journal={Transactions on Network and Service Management}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Schneider,
    Stefan Balthasar and Khalili, Ramin and Manzoor, Adnan and Qarawlus, Haydar and
    Schellenberg, Rafael and Karl, Holger and Hecker, Artur}, year={2021} }'
  chicago: Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, Ramin Khalili, Adnan Manzoor, Haydar Qarawlus,
    Rafael Schellenberg, Holger Karl, and Artur Hecker. “Self-Learning Multi-Objective
    Service Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement Learning.” <i>Transactions on Network
    and Service Management</i>, 2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/TNSM.2021.3076503">https://doi.org/10.1109/TNSM.2021.3076503</a>.
  ieee: S. B. Schneider <i>et al.</i>, “Self-Learning Multi-Objective Service Coordination
    Using Deep Reinforcement Learning,” <i>Transactions on Network and Service Management</i>,
    2021.
  mla: Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, et al. “Self-Learning Multi-Objective Service
    Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement Learning.” <i>Transactions on Network and
    Service Management</i>, IEEE, 2021, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/TNSM.2021.3076503">10.1109/TNSM.2021.3076503</a>.
  short: S.B. Schneider, R. Khalili, A. Manzoor, H. Qarawlus, R. Schellenberg, H.
    Karl, A. Hecker, Transactions on Network and Service Management (2021).
date_created: 2021-04-27T08:04:16Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:55:15Z
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: '75'
doi: 10.1109/TNSM.2021.3076503
file:
- access_level: open_access
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: stschn
  date_created: 2021-04-27T08:01:26Z
  date_updated: 2021-04-27T08:01:26Z
  description: Author version of the accepted paper
  file_id: '21809'
  file_name: ris-accepted-version.pdf
  file_size: 4172270
  relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2021-04-27T08:01:26Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- network management
- service management
- coordination
- reinforcement learning
- self-learning
- self-adaptation
- multi-objective
language:
- iso: eng
oa: '1'
project:
- _id: '1'
  name: SFB 901
- _id: '4'
  name: SFB 901 - Project Area C
- _id: '16'
  name: SFB 901 - Subproject C4
publication: Transactions on Network and Service Management
publisher: IEEE
status: public
title: Self-Learning Multi-Objective Service Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement
  Learning
type: journal_article
user_id: '35343'
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '33854'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "Macrodiversity is a key technique to increase the capacity of mobile networks.
    It can be realized using coordinated multipoint (CoMP), simultaneously connecting
    users to multiple overlapping cells. Selecting which users to serve by how many
    and which cells is NP-hard but needs to happen continuously in real time as users
    move and channel state changes. Existing approaches often require strict assumptions
    about or perfect knowledge of the underlying radio system, its resource allocation
    scheme, or user movements, none of which is readily available in practice.\r\n\r\nInstead,
    we propose three novel self-learning and self-adapting approaches using model-free
    deep reinforcement learning (DRL): DeepCoMP, DD-CoMP, and D3-CoMP. DeepCoMP leverages
    central observations and control of all users to select cells almost optimally.
    DD-CoMP and D3-CoMP use multi-agent DRL, which allows distributed, robust, and
    highly scalable coordination. All three approaches learn from experience and self-adapt
    to varying scenarios, reaching 2x higher Quality of Experience than other approaches.
    They have very few built-in assumptions and do not need prior system knowledge,
    making them more robust to change and better applicable in practice than existing
    approaches."
author:
- first_name: Stefan Balthasar
  full_name: Schneider, Stefan Balthasar
  id: '35343'
  last_name: Schneider
  orcid: 0000-0001-8210-4011
- first_name: Holger
  full_name: Karl, Holger
  id: '126'
  last_name: Karl
- first_name: Ramin
  full_name: Khalili, Ramin
  last_name: Khalili
- first_name: Artur
  full_name: Hecker, Artur
  last_name: Hecker
citation:
  ama: 'Schneider SB, Karl H, Khalili R, Hecker A. <i>DeepCoMP: Coordinated Multipoint
    Using Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning</i>.; 2021.'
  apa: 'Schneider, S. B., Karl, H., Khalili, R., &#38; Hecker, A. (2021). <i>DeepCoMP:
    Coordinated Multipoint Using Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning</i>.'
  bibtex: '@book{Schneider_Karl_Khalili_Hecker_2021, title={DeepCoMP: Coordinated
    Multipoint Using Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning}, author={Schneider,
    Stefan Balthasar and Karl, Holger and Khalili, Ramin and Hecker, Artur}, year={2021}
    }'
  chicago: 'Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, Holger Karl, Ramin Khalili, and Artur Hecker.
    <i>DeepCoMP: Coordinated Multipoint Using Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning</i>,
    2021.'
  ieee: 'S. B. Schneider, H. Karl, R. Khalili, and A. Hecker, <i>DeepCoMP: Coordinated
    Multipoint Using Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning</i>. 2021.'
  mla: 'Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, et al. <i>DeepCoMP: Coordinated Multipoint Using
    Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning</i>. 2021.'
  short: 'S.B. Schneider, H. Karl, R. Khalili, A. Hecker, DeepCoMP: Coordinated Multipoint
    Using Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning, 2021.'
date_created: 2022-10-20T16:44:19Z
date_updated: 2022-11-18T09:59:27Z
ddc:
- '004'
department:
- _id: '75'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: stschn
  date_created: 2022-10-20T16:41:10Z
  date_updated: 2022-10-20T16:41:10Z
  file_id: '33855'
  file_name: preprint.pdf
  file_size: 2521656
  relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2022-10-20T16:41:10Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- mobility management
- coordinated multipoint
- CoMP
- cell selection
- resource management
- reinforcement learning
- multi agent
- MARL
- self-learning
- self-adaptation
- QoE
language:
- iso: eng
oa: '1'
project:
- _id: '4'
  name: 'SFB 901 - C: SFB 901 - Project Area C'
- _id: '16'
  name: 'SFB 901 - C4: SFB 901 - Subproject C4'
- _id: '1'
  name: 'SFB 901: SFB 901'
status: public
title: 'DeepCoMP: Coordinated Multipoint Using Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning'
type: working_paper
user_id: '477'
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '19607'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "Modern services consist of modular, interconnected\r\ncomponents, e.g., microservices
    forming a service mesh. To\r\ndynamically adjust to ever-changing service demands,
    service\r\ncomponents have to be instantiated on nodes across the network.\r\nIncoming
    flows requesting a service then need to be routed\r\nthrough the deployed instances
    while considering node and link\r\ncapacities. Ultimately, the goal is to maximize
    the successfully\r\nserved flows and Quality of Service (QoS) through online service\r\ncoordination.
    Current approaches for service coordination are\r\nusually centralized, assuming
    up-to-date global knowledge and\r\nmaking global decisions for all nodes in the
    network. Such global\r\nknowledge and centralized decisions are not realistic
    in practical\r\nlarge-scale networks.\r\n\r\nTo solve this problem, we propose
    two algorithms for fully\r\ndistributed service coordination. The proposed algorithms
    can be\r\nexecuted individually at each node in parallel and require only\r\nvery
    limited global knowledge. We compare and evaluate both\r\nalgorithms with a state-of-the-art
    centralized approach in extensive\r\nsimulations on a large-scale, real-world
    network topology.\r\nOur results indicate that the two algorithms can compete
    with\r\ncentralized approaches in terms of solution quality but require\r\nless
    global knowledge and are magnitudes faster (more than\r\n100x)."
author:
- first_name: Stefan Balthasar
  full_name: Schneider, Stefan Balthasar
  id: '35343'
  last_name: Schneider
  orcid: 0000-0001-8210-4011
- first_name: Lars Dietrich
  full_name: Klenner, Lars Dietrich
  last_name: Klenner
- first_name: Holger
  full_name: Karl, Holger
  id: '126'
  last_name: Karl
citation:
  ama: 'Schneider SB, Klenner LD, Karl H. Every Node for Itself: Fully Distributed
    Service Coordination. In: <i>IEEE International Conference on Network and Service
    Management (CNSM)</i>. IEEE; 2020.'
  apa: 'Schneider, S. B., Klenner, L. D., &#38; Karl, H. (2020). Every Node for Itself:
    Fully Distributed Service Coordination. In <i>IEEE International Conference on
    Network and Service Management (CNSM)</i>. IEEE.'
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Schneider_Klenner_Karl_2020, title={Every Node for Itself:
    Fully Distributed Service Coordination}, booktitle={IEEE International Conference
    on Network and Service Management (CNSM)}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Schneider,
    Stefan Balthasar and Klenner, Lars Dietrich and Karl, Holger}, year={2020} }'
  chicago: 'Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, Lars Dietrich Klenner, and Holger Karl. “Every
    Node for Itself: Fully Distributed Service Coordination.” In <i>IEEE International
    Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM)</i>. IEEE, 2020.'
  ieee: 'S. B. Schneider, L. D. Klenner, and H. Karl, “Every Node for Itself: Fully
    Distributed Service Coordination,” in <i>IEEE International Conference on Network
    and Service Management (CNSM)</i>, 2020.'
  mla: 'Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, et al. “Every Node for Itself: Fully Distributed
    Service Coordination.” <i>IEEE International Conference on Network and Service
    Management (CNSM)</i>, IEEE, 2020.'
  short: 'S.B. Schneider, L.D. Klenner, H. Karl, in: IEEE International Conference
    on Network and Service Management (CNSM), IEEE, 2020.'
date_created: 2020-09-22T06:23:40Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:54:08Z
ddc:
- '006'
department:
- _id: '75'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: stschn
  date_created: 2020-09-22T06:25:57Z
  date_updated: 2020-09-22T06:36:25Z
  file_id: '19608'
  file_name: ris_with_copyright.pdf
  file_size: 500948
  relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-09-22T06:36:25Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- distributed management
- service coordination
- network coordination
- nfv
- softwarization
- orchestration
language:
- iso: eng
oa: '1'
project:
- _id: '1'
  name: SFB 901
- _id: '4'
  name: SFB 901 - Project Area C
- _id: '16'
  name: SFB 901 - Subproject C4
publication: IEEE International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM)
publisher: IEEE
status: public
title: 'Every Node for Itself: Fully Distributed Service Coordination'
type: conference
user_id: '35343'
year: '2020'
...
