---
_id: '46521'
author:
- first_name: Diana
  full_name: Freise, Diana
  id: '45323'
  last_name: Freise
- first_name: Valentin
  full_name: Schiele, Valentin
  id: '53779'
  last_name: Schiele
- first_name: Hendrik
  full_name: Schmitz, Hendrik
  id: '48879'
  last_name: Schmitz
citation:
  ama: Freise D, Schiele V, Schmitz H. <i>Housing Situations and Local COVID-19 Infection
    Dynamics – A Case Study With Small-Area Data</i>. Elsevier BV; 2023. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4372490">10.2139/ssrn.4372490</a>
  apa: Freise, D., Schiele, V., &#38; Schmitz, H. (2023). <i>Housing Situations and
    Local COVID-19 Infection Dynamics – A Case Study With Small-Area Data</i>. Elsevier
    BV. <a href="https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4372490">https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4372490</a>
  bibtex: '@book{Freise_Schiele_Schmitz_2023, title={Housing Situations and Local
    COVID-19 Infection Dynamics – A Case Study With Small-Area Data}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4372490">10.2139/ssrn.4372490</a>},
    publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Freise, Diana and Schiele, Valentin and Schmitz,
    Hendrik}, year={2023} }'
  chicago: Freise, Diana, Valentin Schiele, and Hendrik Schmitz. <i>Housing Situations
    and Local COVID-19 Infection Dynamics – A Case Study With Small-Area Data</i>.
    Elsevier BV, 2023. <a href="https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4372490">https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4372490</a>.
  ieee: D. Freise, V. Schiele, and H. Schmitz, <i>Housing Situations and Local COVID-19
    Infection Dynamics – A Case Study With Small-Area Data</i>. Elsevier BV, 2023.
  mla: Freise, Diana, et al. <i>Housing Situations and Local COVID-19 Infection Dynamics
    – A Case Study With Small-Area Data</i>. Elsevier BV, 2023, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4372490">10.2139/ssrn.4372490</a>.
  short: D. Freise, V. Schiele, H. Schmitz, Housing Situations and Local COVID-19
    Infection Dynamics – A Case Study With Small-Area Data, Elsevier BV, 2023.
date_created: 2023-08-16T09:31:31Z
date_updated: 2023-08-20T17:49:34Z
department:
- _id: '475'
- _id: '281'
doi: 10.2139/ssrn.4372490
keyword:
- General Earth and Planetary Sciences
- General Environmental Science
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4372490
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1556-5068
publisher: Elsevier BV
status: public
title: Housing Situations and Local COVID-19 Infection Dynamics – A Case Study With
  Small-Area Data
type: working_paper
user_id: '53779'
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '46971'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Low socio-economic status is associated
    with higher SARS-CoV-2 incidences. In this paper we study whether this is a result
    of differences in (1) the frequency, (2) intensity, and/or (3) duration of local
    SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks depending on the local housing situations. So far, there
    is not clear evidence which of the three factors dominates. Using small-scale
    data from neighborhoods in the German city Essen and a flexible estimation approach
    which does not require prior knowledge about specific transmission characteristics
    of SARS-CoV-2, behavioral responses or other potential model parameters, we find
    evidence for the last of the three hypotheses. Outbreaks do not happen more often
    in less well-off areas or are more severe (in terms of the number of cases), but
    they last longer. This indicates that the socio-economic gradient in infection
    levels is at least in parts a result of a more sustained spread of infections
    in neighborhoods with worse housing conditions after local outbreaks and suggests
    that in case of an epidemic allocating scarce resources in containment measures
    to areas with poor housing conditions might have the greatest benefit.</jats:p>
article_number: '14301'
author:
- first_name: Diana
  full_name: Freise, Diana
  id: '45323'
  last_name: Freise
- first_name: Valentin
  full_name: Schiele, Valentin
  id: '53779'
  last_name: Schiele
- first_name: Hendrik
  full_name: Schmitz, Hendrik
  id: '48879'
  last_name: Schmitz
citation:
  ama: Freise D, Schiele V, Schmitz H. Housing situations and local COVID-19 infection
    dynamics using small-area data. <i>Scientific Reports</i>. 2023;13(1). doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-40734-0">10.1038/s41598-023-40734-0</a>
  apa: Freise, D., Schiele, V., &#38; Schmitz, H. (2023). Housing situations and local
    COVID-19 infection dynamics using small-area data. <i>Scientific Reports</i>,
    <i>13</i>(1), Article 14301. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-40734-0">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-40734-0</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Freise_Schiele_Schmitz_2023, title={Housing situations and local
    COVID-19 infection dynamics using small-area data}, volume={13}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-40734-0">10.1038/s41598-023-40734-0</a>},
    number={114301}, journal={Scientific Reports}, publisher={Springer Science and
    Business Media LLC}, author={Freise, Diana and Schiele, Valentin and Schmitz,
    Hendrik}, year={2023} }'
  chicago: Freise, Diana, Valentin Schiele, and Hendrik Schmitz. “Housing Situations
    and Local COVID-19 Infection Dynamics Using Small-Area Data.” <i>Scientific Reports</i>
    13, no. 1 (2023). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-40734-0">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-40734-0</a>.
  ieee: 'D. Freise, V. Schiele, and H. Schmitz, “Housing situations and local COVID-19
    infection dynamics using small-area data,” <i>Scientific Reports</i>, vol. 13,
    no. 1, Art. no. 14301, 2023, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-40734-0">10.1038/s41598-023-40734-0</a>.'
  mla: Freise, Diana, et al. “Housing Situations and Local COVID-19 Infection Dynamics
    Using Small-Area Data.” <i>Scientific Reports</i>, vol. 13, no. 1, 14301, Springer
    Science and Business Media LLC, 2023, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-40734-0">10.1038/s41598-023-40734-0</a>.
  short: D. Freise, V. Schiele, H. Schmitz, Scientific Reports 13 (2023).
date_created: 2023-09-12T08:17:46Z
date_updated: 2023-09-12T08:18:40Z
department:
- _id: '200'
doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-40734-0
intvolume: '        13'
issue: '1'
keyword:
- Multidisciplinary
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Scientific Reports
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2045-2322
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
status: public
title: Housing situations and local COVID-19 infection dynamics using small-area data
type: journal_article
user_id: '53779'
volume: 13
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '33458'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: We study the effect of unemployment on cognitive abilities among individuals
    aged between 50 and 65 in Europe. To this end, we exploit plant closures and use
    flexible event-study estimations together with an experimentally elicited measure
    of fluid intelligence, namely word recall. We find that, within a time period
    of around eight years after the event of unemployment, cognitive abilities only
    deteriorate marginally — the effects are insignificant both in statistical and
    economic terms. We do, however, find significant effects of late-career unemployment
    on the likelihood to leave the labor force, and short-term effects on mental health
    problems such as depression and sleep problems.
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Diana
  full_name: Freise, Diana
  id: '45323'
  last_name: Freise
- first_name: Hendrik
  full_name: Schmitz, Hendrik
  id: '48879'
  last_name: Schmitz
- first_name: Matthias
  full_name: Westphal, Matthias
  id: '64661'
  last_name: Westphal
citation:
  ama: Freise D, Schmitz H, Westphal M. Late-Career Unemployment and Cognitive Abilities.
    <i>Journal of Health Economics</i>. 2022;86. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2022.102689">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2022.102689</a>
  apa: Freise, D., Schmitz, H., &#38; Westphal, M. (2022). Late-Career Unemployment
    and Cognitive Abilities. <i>Journal of Health Economics</i>, <i>86</i>. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2022.102689">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2022.102689</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Freise_Schmitz_Westphal_2022, title={Late-Career Unemployment
    and Cognitive Abilities}, volume={86}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2022.102689">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2022.102689</a>},
    journal={Journal of Health Economics}, author={Freise, Diana and Schmitz, Hendrik
    and Westphal, Matthias}, year={2022} }'
  chicago: Freise, Diana, Hendrik Schmitz, and Matthias Westphal. “Late-Career Unemployment
    and Cognitive Abilities.” <i>Journal of Health Economics</i> 86 (2022). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2022.102689">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2022.102689</a>.
  ieee: 'D. Freise, H. Schmitz, and M. Westphal, “Late-Career Unemployment and Cognitive
    Abilities,” <i>Journal of Health Economics</i>, vol. 86, 2022, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2022.102689">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2022.102689</a>.'
  mla: Freise, Diana, et al. “Late-Career Unemployment and Cognitive Abilities.” <i>Journal
    of Health Economics</i>, vol. 86, 2022, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2022.102689">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2022.102689</a>.
  short: D. Freise, H. Schmitz, M. Westphal, Journal of Health Economics 86 (2022).
date_created: 2022-09-21T13:19:58Z
date_updated: 2023-08-18T09:21:26Z
department:
- _id: '281'
- _id: '475'
doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2022.102689
intvolume: '        86'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167629622001047
publication: Journal of Health Economics
publication_status: published
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Late-Career Unemployment and Cognitive Abilities
type: journal_article
user_id: '53779'
volume: 86
year: '2022'
...