@article{63662,
  abstract     = {{<jats:p>The accurate prediction of crack initiation and propagation is essential for assessing the structural integrity of mechanically joined components and other complex assemblies. To overcome the limitations of existing finite element tools, a modular Python framework has been developed to automate three-dimensional crack growth simulations. The program combines geometric reconstruction, adaptive remeshing, and the numerical evaluation of fracture mechanics parameters within a single, fully automated workflow. The framework builds on open-source components and remains solver-independent, enabling straightforward integration with commercial or research finite element codes. A dedicated sequence of modules performs all required steps, from mesh separation and crack insertion to local submodeling, stress and displacement mapping, and iterative crack-front update, without manual interaction. The methodology was verified using a mini-compact tension (Mini-CT) specimen as a benchmark case. The numerical results demonstrate the accurate reproduction of stress intensity factors and energy release rates while achieving high computational efficiency through localized refinement. The developed approach provides a robust basis for crack growth simulations of geometrically complex or residual stress-affected structures. Its high degree of automation and flexibility makes it particularly suited for analyzing cracks in clinched and riveted joints, supporting the predictive design and durability assessment of joined lightweight structures.</jats:p>}},
  author       = {{Krome, Sven and Duffe, Tobias and Kullmer, Gunter and Schramm, Britta and Ostwald, Richard}},
  issn         = {{2076-3417}},
  journal      = {{Applied Sciences}},
  number       = {{1}},
  publisher    = {{MDPI AG}},
  title        = {{{Validation and Verification of Novel Three-Dimensional Crack Growth Simulation Software GmshCrack3D}}},
  doi          = {{10.3390/app16010384}},
  volume       = {{16}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}

@misc{65221,
  author       = {{Kullmer, Gunter and Weiß, Deborah and Duffe, Tobias and Schramm, Britta and Ostwald, Richard}},
  publisher    = {{LibreCat University}},
  title        = {{{BESCHREIBUNG DES R- UND DES TEMPERATUREINFLUSSES SOWIE DES EINLAUFVERHALTENS BEI EXPERIMENTELL BESTIMMTEN RISSFORTSCHRITTSKURVEN MIT DEM EXPONENTIALANSATZ}}},
  doi          = {{https://doi.org/10.48447/BR-2025-492}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}

@article{51737,
  author       = {{Kullmer, Gunter and Weiß, Deborah and Schramm, Britta}},
  issn         = {{0013-7944}},
  journal      = {{Engineering Fracture Mechanics}},
  keywords     = {{Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics of Materials, General Materials Science}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier BV}},
  title        = {{{An alternative and robust formulation of the fatigue crack growth rate curve for long cracks}}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.engfracmech.2023.109826}},
  volume       = {{296}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}

@inproceedings{53394,
  author       = {{Kullmer, Gunter and Weiß, Deborah and Schramm, Britta}},
  location     = {{Kassel}},
  publisher    = {{Deutscher Verband für Materialforschung und –prüfung e.V.}},
  title        = {{{Weiterentwicklung des Exponentialansatzes zur Beschreibung von Rissfortschrittskurven}}},
  doi          = {{10.48447/BR-2024-369}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}

@inproceedings{51739,
  author       = {{Weiß, Deborah and Duffe, Tobias and Buczek, Moritz and Kullmer, Gunter and Schramm, Britta}},
  location     = {{Berlin}},
  publisher    = {{Deutscher Verband für Materialforschung und -prüfung e.V.}},
  title        = {{{Bruchmechanische Untersuchung des Dualphasenstahls HCT590X unter Temperatureinfluss}}},
  doi          = {{10.48447/WP-2023-244}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}

@inproceedings{35271,
  author       = {{Weiß, Deborah and Schramm, Britta}},
  booktitle    = {{Procedia Structural Integrity}},
  issn         = {{2452-3216}},
  keywords     = {{General Engineering, Energy Engineering and Power Technology}},
  location     = {{Madeira}},
  pages        = {{879--885}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier BV}},
  title        = {{{Fracture mechanical investigation of preformed metal sheets using a novel CC-specimen}}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.prostr.2022.12.111}},
  volume       = {{42}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}

@inbook{34078,
  author       = {{Wittenburg, Jens and Richard, Hans Albert and Schramm, Britta}},
  booktitle    = {{Springer Reference Technik}},
  isbn         = {{9783662643716}},
  issn         = {{2522-8188}},
  publisher    = {{Springer Berlin Heidelberg}},
  title        = {{{Anwendungen der Festigkeitslehre}}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/978-3-662-64372-3_36}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}

@inproceedings{41907,
  author       = {{Woodcock, Steven Clifford and Schramm, Britta and Kullmer, Gunter and Richard, Hans Albert}},
  location     = {{Rostock}},
  publisher    = {{Deutscher Verband für Materialforschung und -prüfung e.V.}},
  title        = {{{Bewertung der Knochen-Schraube Verbindung im Auszugtest und unter physiologischer Belastung in der Finite Elemente Methode}}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}

@article{34224,
  abstract     = {{Crack growth in structures depends on the cyclic loads applied on it, such as mechanical, thermal and contact, as well as residual stresses, etc. To provide an accurate simulation of crack growth in structures, it is of high importance to integrate all kinds of loading situations in the simulations. Adapcrack3D is a simulation program that can accurately predict the propagation of cracks in real structures. However, until now, this three-dimensional program has only considered mechanical loads and static thermal loads. Therefore, the features of Adapcrack3D have been extended by including contact loading in crack growth simulations. The numerical simulation of crack propagation with Adapcrack3D is generally carried out using FE models of structures provided by the user. For simulating models with contact loading situations, Adapcrack3D has been updated to work with FE models containing multiple parts and necessary features such as coupling and surface interactions. Because Adapcrack3D uses the submodel technique for fracture mechanical evaluations, the architecture of the submodel is also modified to simulate models with contact definitions between the crack surfaces. This paper discusses the newly implemented attribute of the program with the help of illustrative examples. The results confirm that the contact simulation in Adapcrack3D is a major step in improving the functionality of the program.}},
  author       = {{Joy, Tintu David and Weiß, Deborah and Schramm, Britta and Kullmer, Gunter}},
  issn         = {{2076-3417}},
  journal      = {{Applied Sciences}},
  keywords     = {{Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes, Computer Science Applications, Process Chemistry and Technology, General Engineering, Instrumentation, General Materials Science}},
  number       = {{15}},
  publisher    = {{MDPI AG}},
  title        = {{{Further Development of 3D Crack Growth Simulation Program to Include Contact Loading Situations}}},
  doi          = {{10.3390/app12157557}},
  volume       = {{12}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}

@inproceedings{30726,
  author       = {{Weiß, Deborah and Schramm, Britta and Kullmer, Gunter}},
  booktitle    = {{Procedia Structural Integrity}},
  issn         = {{2452-3216}},
  keywords     = {{General Engineering, Energy Engineering and Power Technology}},
  location     = {{online}},
  pages        = {{139--147}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier BV}},
  title        = {{{Influence of plane mixed-mode loading on the kinking angle of clinchable metal sheets}}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.prostr.2022.03.082}},
  volume       = {{39}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}

@article{34070,
  author       = {{Schramm, Britta and Harzheim, Sven and Weiß, Deborah and Joy, Tintu David and Hofmann, Martin and Mergheim, Julia and Wallmersperger, Thomas}},
  issn         = {{2666-3309}},
  journal      = {{Journal of Advanced Joining Processes}},
  keywords     = {{Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics of Materials, Engineering (miscellaneous), Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous)}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier BV}},
  title        = {{{A Review on the Modeling of the Clinching Process Chain - Part III: Operational Phase}}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.jajp.2022.100135}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}

@article{34246,
  author       = {{Kullmer, Gunter and Weiß, Deborah and Schramm, Britta}},
  issn         = {{0013-7944}},
  journal      = {{Engineering Fracture Mechanics}},
  keywords     = {{Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics of Materials, General Materials Science}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier BV}},
  title        = {{{Development of a method for the separate measurement of the growth of internal crack tips by means of the potential drop method}}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.engfracmech.2022.108899}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}

@article{34403,
  abstract     = {{For a reliable, strength-compliant and fracture-resistant design of components and technical structures and for the prevention of damage cases, both the criteria of strength calculation and fracture mechanics are essential. In contrast to strength calculation the fracture mechanics assumes the existence of cracks which might further propagate due to the operational load. First, the present paper illustrates the general procedure of a fracture mechanical evaluation of fatigue cracks in order to assess practical damage cases. Fracture mechanical fundamentals which are essential for the calculation of the stress intensity factors <jats:italic>K</jats:italic>
                  <jats:sub>I</jats:sub> and the experimental determination of fracture mechanical material parameters (e.g. threshold Δ<jats:italic>K</jats:italic>
                  <jats:sub>I,th</jats:sub> against fatigue crack growth, crack growth rate curve) are explained in detail. The subsequent fracture mechanical evaluation on the basis of the local stress situation at the crack tip and the fracture mechanical material data is executed for different materials and selected crack problems. Hereby, the main focus is on the material HCT590X as it is the essential material being investigated by TRR285.</jats:p>}},
  author       = {{Schramm, Britta and Weiß, Deborah}},
  issn         = {{0025-5300}},
  journal      = {{Materials Testing}},
  keywords     = {{Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics of Materials, General Materials Science}},
  number       = {{10}},
  pages        = {{1437--1449}},
  publisher    = {{Walter de Gruyter GmbH}},
  title        = {{{Fracture mechanical evaluation of the material HCT590X}}},
  doi          = {{10.1515/mt-2022-0191}},
  volume       = {{64}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}

@article{34069,
  author       = {{Schramm, Britta and Martin, Sven and Steinfelder, Christian and Bielak, Christian Roman and Brosius, Alexander and Meschut, Gerson and Tröster, Thomas and Wallmersperger, Thomas and Mergheim, Julia}},
  issn         = {{2666-3309}},
  journal      = {{Journal of Advanced Joining Processes}},
  keywords     = {{Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics of Materials, Engineering (miscellaneous), Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous)}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier BV}},
  title        = {{{A Review on the Modeling of the Clinching Process Chain - Part I: Design Phase}}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.jajp.2022.100133}},
  volume       = {{6}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}

@article{34068,
  author       = {{Schramm, Britta and Friedlein, Johannes and Gröger, Benjamin and Bielak, Christian Roman and Bobbert, Mathias and Gude, Maik and Meschut, Gerson and Wallmersperger, Thomas and Mergheim, Julia}},
  issn         = {{2666-3309}},
  journal      = {{Journal of Advanced Joining Processes}},
  keywords     = {{Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics of Materials, Engineering (miscellaneous), Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous)}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier BV}},
  title        = {{{A Review on the Modeling of the Clinching Process Chain - Part II: Joining Process}}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.jajp.2022.100134}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}

@inproceedings{34472,
  author       = {{Kullmer, Gunter and Weiß, Deborah and Schramm, Britta}},
  location     = {{Bremen}},
  pages        = {{107--116}},
  title        = {{{Entwicklung einer Methode zur differenzierten Messung des Wachstums der Rissenden von Innenrissen mit der Elektropotentialmethode}}},
  doi          = {{10.48447/BR-2021-013}},
  volume       = {{DVM-Bericht 253}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}

@inproceedings{41910,
  author       = {{Duffe, Tobias and Schramm, Britta and Kullmer, Gunter}},
  pages        = {{157--166}},
  publisher    = {{Deutscher Verband für Materialforschung und –prüfung e.V.}},
  title        = {{{Experimentelle Ermittlung von Rissfortschrittskurven für hyperelastische Klebstoffe}}},
  doi          = {{10.48447/BR-2021-018}},
  volume       = {{DVM-Bericht 253}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}

@inproceedings{24006,
  author       = {{Weiß, Deborah and Schramm, Britta and Neuser, Moritz and Grydin, Olexandr and Kullmer, Gunter}},
  location     = {{Bremen}},
  pages        = {{231--240}},
  title        = {{{Experimentelle bruchmechanische Untersuchung eines clinchgeeigneten Bleches aus HCT590X mithilfe einer neuen Probengeometrie}}},
  doi          = {{10.48447/BR-2021-025}},
  volume       = {{DVM-Bericht 253}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}

@inproceedings{30675,
  abstract     = {{<jats:p>In many areas of product manufacturing constructions consist of individual components and metal sheets that are joined together to form complex structures. A simple and industrial common method for joining dissimilar and coated materials is clinching. During the joining process and due to the service load cracks can occur in the area of the joint, propagate due to cyclic loading and consequently lead to structural failure. For the prevention of these damage cases, first of all knowledge about the fracture mechanical material parameters regarding the original material state of the sheet metals used within the clinching process are essential.Within the scope of this paper experimental and numerical preliminary investigations regarding the fracture mechanical behavior of sheet metals used within the clinching process are presented. Due to the low thickness of 1.5 mm of the material sheets, the development of a new specimen is necessary to determine the crack growth rate curve including the fracture mechanical parameters like the threshold against crack growth ΔK<jats:sub>I,th</jats:sub> and the fracture toughness K<jats:sub>IC</jats:sub> of the base material HCT590X. For the experimental determination of the crack growth rate curve the numerical calculation of the geometry factor function as well as the calibration function of this special specimen are essential. After the experimental validation of the numerically determined calibration function, crack growth rate curves are determined for the stress ratios <jats:italic>R</jats:italic> = 0.1 and <jats:italic>R</jats:italic> = 0.3 to examine the mean stress sensitivity. In addition, the different rolling directions of 0° and 90° in relation to the initial crack are taken into account in order to investigate the influence of the anisotropy due to rolling.</jats:p>}},
  author       = {{Weiß, Deborah and Schramm, Britta and Kullmer, Gunter}},
  booktitle    = {{Key Engineering Materials}},
  issn         = {{1662-9795}},
  keywords     = {{Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics of Materials, General Materials Science}},
  location     = {{online}},
  pages        = {{127--132}},
  publisher    = {{Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.}},
  title        = {{{Numerical and Experimental Fracture Mechanical Investigations of Clinchable Sheet Metals Made of HCT590X}}},
  doi          = {{10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.883.127}},
  volume       = {{883}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}

@article{30674,
  abstract     = {{<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>In addition to the classical strength calculation, it is important to design components with regard to fracture mechanics because defects and cracks in a component can drastically influence its strength or fatigue behavior. Cracks can propagate due to operational loads and consequently lead to component failure. The fracture mechanical analysis provides information on stable or unstable crack growth as well as about the direction and the growth rate of a crack. For this purpose, sufficient information has to be available about the crack location, the crack length, the component geometry, the component loading and the fracture mechanical material parameters. The fracture mechanical properties are determined experimentally with standardized specimens as defined by the guidelines of the American Society for Testing and Materials. In practice, however, especially in the context with damage cases or formed material fracture mechanical parameters directly for a component are of interest. However, standard specimens often cannot be extracted at all due to the complexity of the component geometry. Therefore, the development of special specimens is required whereby certain arrangements have to be made in advance. These arrangements are presented in the present paper in order to contribute to a holistic investigation chain for the experimental determination of fracture mechanical material parameters with special specimens.</jats:p>}},
  author       = {{Weiß, Deborah and Schramm, Britta and Kullmer, Gunter}},
  issn         = {{0944-6524}},
  journal      = {{Production Engineering}},
  keywords     = {{Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Mechanical Engineering}},
  publisher    = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}},
  title        = {{{Holistic investigation chain for the experimental determination of fracture mechanical material parameters with special specimens}}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/s11740-021-01096-6}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}