TY - JOUR AB - Through tailoring the geometry and design of biomaterials, additive manufacturing is revolutionizing the production of metallic patient-specific implants, e.g., the Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy. Unfortunately, studies investigating this alloy showed that additively produced samples exhibit anisotropic microstructures. This anisotropy compromises the mechanical properties and complicates the loading state in the implant. Moreover, the minimum requirements as specified per designated standards such as ISO 5832-11 are not met. The remedy to this problem is performing a conventional heat treatment. As this route requires energy, infrastructure, labor, and expertise, which in turn mean time and money, many of the additive manufacturing benefits are negated. Thus, the goal of this work was to achieve better isotropy by applying only adapted additive manufacturing process parameters, specifically focusing on the build orientations. In this work, samples orientated in 90°, 45°, and 0° directions relative to the building platform were manufactured and tested. These tests included mechanical (tensile and fatigue tests) as well as microstructural analyses (SEM and EBSD). Subsequently, the results of these tests such as fractography were correlated with the acquired mechanical properties. These showed that 90°-aligned samples performed best under fatigue load and that all requirements specified by the standard regarding monotonic load were met. AU - Milaege, Dennis AU - Eschemann, Niklas AU - Hoyer, Kay-Peter AU - Schaper, Mirko ID - 52738 IS - 2 JF - Crystals KW - Inorganic Chemistry KW - Condensed Matter Physics KW - General Materials Science KW - General Chemical Engineering SN - 2073-4352 TI - Anisotropic Mechanical and Microstructural Properties of a Ti-6Al-7Nb Alloy for Biomedical Applications Manufactured via Laser Powder Bed Fusion VL - 14 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The current investigation shows the feasibility of 316L steel powder production via three different argon gas atomisation routes (closed coupled atomisation, free fall atomisation with and without hot gas), along with subsequent sample production by laser powder bed fusion (PBF-LB). Here, a mixture of pure Fe and atomised 316L steel powder is used for PBF-LB to induce a chemical composition gradient in the microstructure. Optical microscopy and μ-CT investigations proved that the samples processed by PBF-LB exhibit very little porosity. Combined EBSD-EDS measurements show the chemical composition gradient leading to the formation of a local fcc-structure. Upon heat treatment (1100 °C, 14 h), the chemical composition is homogeneous throughout the microstructure. A moderate decrease (1060 to 985 MPa) in the sample’s ultimate tensile strength (UTS) is observed after heat treatment. However, the total elongation of the as-built and heat-treated samples remains the same (≈22%). Similarly, a slight decrease in the hardness from 341 to 307 HV1 is observed upon heat treatment. AU - Pramanik, Sudipta AU - Andreiev, Anatolii AU - Hoyer, Kay-Peter AU - Krüger, Jan Tobias AU - Hengsbach, Florian AU - Kircheis, Alexander AU - Zhao, Weiyu AU - Fischer-Bühner, Jörg AU - Schaper, Mirko ID - 41492 IS - 1 JF - Powders SN - 2674-0516 TI - Powder Production via Atomisation and Subsequent Laser Powder Bed Fusion Processing of Fe+316L Steel Hybrid Alloy VL - 2 ER - TY - CHAP AU - Haase, Michael AU - Bieber, Maximilian AU - Tasche, Frederik AU - Schaper, Mirko AU - Hoyer, Kay-Peter AU - Ponik, Bernd AU - Magyar, Balázs ED - Kynast, Michael ED - Eichmann, Michael ED - Witt, Gerd ID - 45360 SN - 978-3-446-47941-8 T2 - Proceedings of the 19th Rapid.Tech 3D Conference Erfurt, Germany, 9–11 May 2023 TI - Umsetzung einer optimierten Oberflächenschlitzung zur Wirbelstromverlustreduktion auf der Oberfläche eines additiv gefertigten Permanentmagnet-Rotors ER - TY - JOUR AU - Andreiev, Anatolii AU - Hoyer, Kay-Peter AU - Hengsbach, Florian AU - Haase, Michael AU - Tasche, Lennart AU - Duschik, Kristina AU - Schaper, Mirko ID - 44078 JF - Journal of Materials Processing Technology KW - Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering KW - Metals and Alloys KW - Computer Science Applications KW - Modeling and Simulation KW - Ceramics and Composites SN - 0924-0136 TI - Powder bed fusion of soft-magnetic iron-based alloys with high silicon content VL - 317 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the manufacturability of Fe-3Si lattice structures and the resulting mechanical properties. This study could lead to the successful processing of squirrel cage conductors (a lattice structure by design) of an induction motor by additive manufacturing in the future. Design/methodology/approach The compression behaviour of two lattice structures where struts are arranged in a face-centred cubic position and vertical edges (FCCZ), and struts are placed at body-centred cubic (BCC) positions, prepared by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF), is explored. The experimental investigations are supported by finite element method (FEM) simulations. Findings The FCCZ lattice structure presents a peak in the stress-strain curve, whereas the BCC lattice structure manifests a plateau. The vertical struts aligned along the compression direction lead to a significant increase in the load-carrying ability of FCCZ lattice structures compared to BCC lattice structures. This results in a peak in the stress-strain curve. However, the BCC lattice structure presents the bending of struts with diagonal struts carrying the major loads with struts near the faceplate receiving the least load. A high concentration of geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs) near the grain boundaries along cell formation is observed in the microstructure. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study on additive manufacturing of Fe-3Si lattice structures. Currently, there are no investigations in the literature on the manufacturability and mechanical properties of Fe-3Si lattice structures. AU - Pramanik, Sudipta AU - Hoyer, Kay-Peter AU - Schaper, Mirko ID - 46503 IS - 6 JF - Rapid Prototyping Journal KW - Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering KW - Mechanical Engineering SN - 1355-2546 TI - Experimental and finite element method investigation on the compression behaviour of FCCZ and BCC lattice structures of additively manufactured Fe-3Si samples VL - 29 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Pramanik, Sudipta AU - Milaege, Dennis AU - Hein, Maxwell AU - Andreiev, Anatolii AU - Schaper, Mirko AU - Hoyer, Kay-Peter ID - 46507 IS - 14 JF - Advanced Engineering Materials KW - Condensed Matter Physics KW - General Materials Science SN - 1438-1656 TI - An Experimental and Computational Modeling Study on Additively Manufactured Micro‐Architectured Ti–24Nb–4Zr–8Sn Hollow‐Strut Lattice Structures VL - 25 ER - TY - CHAP AU - Menge, Dennis AU - Milaege, Dennis AU - Hoyer, Kay-Peter AU - Schmid, Hans-Joachim AU - Schaper, Mirko ED - Horwath, Illona ED - Schweizer, Swetlana ID - 46870 SN - 2703-1543 T2 - Climate Protection, Resource Efficiency, and Sustainable Engineering TI - Case Study IV: Individualized Medical Technology using Additive Manufacturing ER - TY - JOUR AB - AbstractFeCo alloys are important materials used in pumps and motors in the offshore oil and gas drilling industry. These alloys are subjected to marine environments with a high NaCl concentration, therefore, corrosion and catastrophic failure are anticipated. So, the surface dissolution of additively manufactured FeCo samples is investigated in a quasi-in situ manner, in particular, the pitting corrosion in 5.0 wt pct NaCl solution. The local dissolution of the same sample region is monitored after 24, 72, and 168 hours. Here, the formation of rectangular and circular pits of ultra-fine dimensions (less than 0.5 µm) is observed with increasing immersion time. In addition, the formation of a corrosion-inhibiting surface layer is detected on the sample surface. Surface dissolution leads to a change in the surface structure, however, no change in grain shape or grain size is noticed. The surface topography after local dissolution is correlated to the grain orientation. Quasi-in situ analysis shows the preferential dissolution of high-angle grain boundaries (HAGBs) leading to a change in the fraction of HAGBs and low-angle grain boundaries fraction (LAGBs). For the FeCo sample, a potentiodynamic polarisation test reveals a corrosion potential (Ecorr) of − 0.475 V referred to the standard hydrogen electrode (SHE) and a corrosion exchange current density (icorr) of 0.0848 A/m2. Furthermore, quasi-in situ experiments showed that grains oriented along certain crystallographic directions are corroding more compared to other grains leading to a significant decrease in the local surface height. Grains with a plane normal close to the $$\langle {1}00\rangle$$ 100 direction reveal lower surface dissolution and higher corrosion resistance, whereas planes normal close to the $$\langle {11}0\rangle$$ 110 direction and the $$\langle {111}\rangle$$ 111 direction exhibit a higher surface dissolution. AU - Pramanik, Sudipta AU - Krüger, Jan Tobias AU - Schaper, Mirko AU - Hoyer, Kay-Peter ID - 47122 JF - Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A KW - Metals and Alloys KW - Mechanics of Materials KW - Condensed Matter Physics SN - 1073-5623 TI - Quasi-In Situ Localized Corrosion of an Additively Manufactured FeCo Alloy in 5 Wt Pct NaCl Solution ER - TY - JOUR AB - The effect of plaque deposition (atherosclerosis) on blood flow behaviour is investigated via computational fluid dynamics and structural mechanics simulations. To mitigate the narrowing of coronary artery atherosclerosis (stenosis), the computational modelling of auxetic and non-auxetic stents was performed in this study to minimise or even avoid these deposition agents in the future. Computational modelling was performed in unrestricted (open) conditions and restricted (in an artery) conditions. Finally, stent designs were produced by additive manufacturing, and mechanical testing of the stents was undertaken. Auxetic stent 1 and auxetic stent 2 exhibit very little foreshortening and radial recoil in unrestricted deployment conditions compared to non-auxetic stent 3. However, stent 2 shows structural instability (strut failure) during unrestricted deployment conditions. For the restricted deployment condition, stent 1 shows a higher radial recoil compared to stent 3. In the tensile test simulations, short elongation for stent 1 due to strut failure is demonstrated, whereas no structural instability is noticed for stent 2 and stent 3 until 0.5 (mm/mm) strain. The as-built samples show a significant thickening of the struts of the stents resulting in short elongations during tensile testing compared to the simulations (stent 2 and stent 3). A modelling framework for the stent deployment system that enables the selection of appropriate stent designs before in vivo testing is required. This leads to the acceleration of the development process and a reduction in time, resulting in less material wastage. The modelling framework shall be useful for doctors designing patient-specific stents. AU - Pramanik, Sudipta AU - Milaege, Dennis AU - Hein, Maxwell AU - Hoyer, Kay-Peter AU - Schaper, Mirko ID - 49107 IS - 11 JF - Crystals KW - Inorganic Chemistry KW - Condensed Matter Physics KW - General Materials Science KW - General Chemical Engineering SN - 2073-4352 TI - Additive Manufacturing and Mechanical Properties of Auxetic and Non-Auxetic Ti24Nb4Zr8Sn Biomedical Stents: A Combined Experimental and Computational Modelling Approach VL - 13 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Consistent lightweight construction in the area of vehicle manufacturing requires the increased use of multi-material combinations. This, in turn, requires an adaptation of standard joining techniques. In multi-material combinations, the importance of integral cast components, in particular, is increasing and poses additional technical challenges for the industry. One approach to solve these challenges is adaptable joining elements manufactured by a thermomechanical forming process. By applying an incremental and thermomechanical joining process, it is possible to react immediately and adapt the joining process inline to reduce the number of different joining elements. In the investigation described in this publication, cast plates made of the cast aluminium alloy EN AC-AlSi9 serve as joining partners, which are processed by sand casting. The joining process of hypoeutectic AlSi alloys is challenging as their brittle character leads to cracks in the joint during conventional mechanical joining. To solve this, the frictional heat of the novel joining process applied can provide a finer microstructure in the hypoeutectic AlSi9 cast alloy. In detail, its Si is finer-grained, resulting in higher ductility of the joint. This study reveals the thermomechanical joining suitability of a hypoeutectic cast aluminium alloy in combination with adaptively manufactured auxiliary joining elements. AU - Borgert, Thomas AU - Neuser, Moritz AU - Hoyer, Kay-Peter AU - Homberg, Werner AU - Schaper, Mirko ID - 47535 IS - 5 JF - Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing KW - Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering KW - Mechanical Engineering KW - Mechanics of Materials SN - 2504-4494 TI - Thermomechanical Joining of Hypoeutectic Aluminium Cast Plates VL - 7 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The additive manufacturing (AM) of innovative lattice structures with unique mechanical properties has received widespread attention due to the capability of AM processes to fabricate freeform and intricate structures. The most common way to characterize the additively manufactured lattice structures is via the uniaxial compression test. However, although there are many applications for which lattice structures are designed for bending (e.g., sandwich panels cores and some medical implants), limited attention has been paid toward investigating the flexural behavior of metallic AM lattice structures with tunable internal architectures. The purpose of this study was to experimentally investigate the flexural behavior of AM Ti-6Al-4V lattice structures with graded density and hybrid Poisson’s ratio (PR). Four configurations of lattice structure beams with positive, negative, hybrid PR, and a novel hybrid PR with graded density were manufactured via the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) AM process and tested under four-point bending. The manufacturability, microstructure, micro-hardness, and flexural properties of the lattices were evaluated. During the bending tests, different failure mechanisms were observed, which were highly dependent on the type of lattice geometry. The best response in terms of absorbed energy was obtained for the functionally graded hybrid PR (FGHPR) structure. Both the FGHPR and hybrid PR (HPR) structured showed a 78.7% and 62.9% increase in the absorbed energy, respectively, compared to the positive PR (PPR) structure. This highlights the great potential for FGHPR lattices to be used in protective devices, load-bearing medical implants, and energy-absorbing applications. AU - Abdelaal, Osama AU - Hengsbach, Florian AU - Schaper, Mirko AU - Hoyer, Kay-Peter ID - 32188 IS - 12 JF - Materials KW - General Materials Science SN - 1996-1944 TI - LPBF Manufactured Functionally Graded Lattice Structures Obtained by Graded Density and Hybrid Poisson’s Ratio VL - 15 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Pramanik, Sudipta AU - Tasche, Frederik AU - Hoyer, Kay-Peter AU - Schaper, Mirko ID - 30519 JF - Magnetism TI - Orientation-Dependent Indentation Behaviour of Additively Manufactured FeCo Sample: A Quasi In-Situ Study VL - 2 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The development of bioresorbable materials for temporary implantation enables progress in medical technology. Iron (Fe)-based degradable materials are biocompatible and exhibit good mechanical properties, but their degradation rate is low. Aside from alloying with Manganese (Mn), the creation of phases with high electrochemical potential such as silver (Ag) phases to cause the anodic dissolution of FeMn is promising. However, to enable residue-free dissolution, the Ag needs to be modified. This concern is addressed, as FeMn modified with a degradable Ag-Calcium-Lanthanum (AgCaLa) alloy is investigated. The electrochemical properties and the degradation behavior are determined via a static immersion test. The local differences in electrochemical potential increase the degradation rate (low pH values), and the formation of gaps around the Ag phases (neutral pH values) demonstrates the benefit of the strategy. Nevertheless, the formation of corrosion-inhibiting layers avoids an increased degradation rate under a neutral pH value. The complete bioresorption of the material is possible since the phases of the degradable AgCaLa alloy dissolve after the FeMn matrix. Cell viability tests reveal biocompatibility, and the antibacterial activity of the degradation supernatant is observed. Thus, FeMn modified with degradable AgCaLa phases is promising as a bioresorbable material if corrosion-inhibiting layers can be diminished. AU - Krüger, Jan Tobias AU - Hoyer, Kay-Peter AU - Huang, Jingyuan AU - Filor, Viviane AU - Mateus-Vargas, Rafael Hernan AU - Oltmanns, Hilke AU - Meißner, Jessica AU - Grundmeier, Guido AU - Schaper, Mirko ID - 40154 IS - 4 JF - Journal of Functional Biomaterials KW - Biomedical Engineering KW - Biomaterials SN - 2079-4983 TI - FeMn with Phases of a Degradable Ag Alloy for Residue-Free and Adapted Bioresorbability VL - 13 ER - TY - JOUR AB - In biomedical engineering, laser powder bed fusion is an advanced manufacturing technology, which enables, for example, the production of patient-customized implants with complex geometries. Ti-6Al-7Nb shows promising improvements, especially regarding biocompatibility, compared with other titanium alloys. The biocompatible features are investigated employing cytocompatibility and antibacterial examinations on Al2O3-blasted and untreated surfaces. The mechanical properties of additively manufactured Ti-6Al-7Nb are evaluated in as-built and heat-treated conditions. Recrystallization annealing (925 °C for 4 h), β annealing (1050 °C for 2 h), as well as stress relieving (600 °C for 4 h) are applied. For microstructural investigation, scanning and transmission electron microscopy are performed. The different microstructures and the mechanical properties are compared. Mechanical behavior is determined based on quasi-static tensile tests and strain-controlled low cycle fatigue tests with total strain amplitudes εA of 0.35%, 0.5%, and 0.8%. The as-built and stress-relieved conditions meet the mechanical demands for the tensile properties of the international standard ISO 5832-11. Based on the Coffin–Manson–Basquin relation, fatigue strength and ductility coefficients, as well as exponents, are determined to examine fatigue life for the different conditions. The stress-relieved condition exhibits, overall, the best properties regarding monotonic tensile and cyclic fatigue behavior. AU - Hein, Maxwell AU - Kokalj, David AU - Lopes Dias, Nelson Filipe AU - Stangier, Dominic AU - Oltmanns, Hilke AU - Pramanik, Sudipta AU - Kietzmann, Manfred AU - Hoyer, Kay-Peter AU - Meißner, Jessica AU - Tillmann, Wolfgang AU - Schaper, Mirko ID - 29196 IS - 1 JF - Metals KW - General Materials Science KW - Metals and Alloys KW - laser powder bed fusion KW - Ti-6Al-7Nb KW - titanium alloy KW - biomedical engineering KW - low cycle fatigue KW - microstructure KW - nanostructure SN - 2075-4701 TI - Low Cycle Fatigue Performance of Additively Processed and Heat-Treated Ti-6Al-7Nb Alloy for Biomedical Applications VL - 12 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The development of bioresorbable materials for temporary implantation enables progress in medical technology. Iron (Fe)-based degradable materials are biocompatible and exhibit good mechanical properties, but their degradation rate is low. Aside from alloying with Manganese (Mn), the creation of phases with high electrochemical potential such as silver (Ag) phases to cause the anodic dissolution of FeMn is promising. However, to enable residue-free dissolution, the Ag needs to be modified. This concern is addressed, as FeMn modified with a degradable Ag-Calcium-Lanthanum (AgCaLa) alloy is investigated. The electrochemical properties and the degradation behavior are determined via a static immersion test. The local differences in electrochemical potential increase the degradation rate (low pH values), and the formation of gaps around the Ag phases (neutral pH values) demonstrates the benefit of the strategy. Nevertheless, the formation of corrosion-inhibiting layers avoids an increased degradation rate under a neutral pH value. The complete bioresorption of the material is possible since the phases of the degradable AgCaLa alloy dissolve after the FeMn matrix. Cell viability tests reveal biocompatibility, and the antibacterial activity of the degradation supernatant is observed. Thus, FeMn modified with degradable AgCaLa phases is promising as a bioresorbable material if corrosion-inhibiting layers can be diminished. AU - Krüger, Jan Tobias AU - Hoyer, Kay-Peter AU - Huang, Jingyuan AU - Filor, Viviane AU - Mateus-Vargas, Rafael Hernan AU - Oltmanns, Hilke AU - Meißner, Jessica AU - Grundmeier, Guido AU - Schaper, Mirko ID - 33723 IS - 4 JF - Journal of Functional Biomaterials KW - Biomedical Engineering KW - Biomaterials SN - 2079-4983 TI - FeMn with Phases of a Degradable Ag Alloy for Residue-Free and Adapted Bioresorbability VL - 13 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Tillmann, Wolfgang AU - Lopes Dias, Nelson Filipe AU - Kokalj, David AU - Stangier, Dominic AU - Hein, Maxwell AU - Hoyer, Kay-Peter AU - Schaper, Mirko AU - Gödecke, Daria AU - Oltmanns, Hilke AU - Meißner, Jessica ID - 31076 JF - Materials Letters KW - Mechanical Engineering KW - Mechanics of Materials KW - Condensed Matter Physics KW - General Materials Science SN - 0167-577X TI - Tribo-functional PVD thin films deposited onto additively manufactured Ti6Al7Nb for biomedical applications ER - TY - JOUR AU - Teng, Zhenjie AU - Wu, Haoran AU - Pramanik, Sudipta AU - Hoyer, Kay-Peter AU - Schaper, Mirko AU - Zhang, Hanlon AU - Boller, Christian AU - Starke, Peter ID - 31075 JF - Advanced Engineering Materials KW - Condensed Matter Physics KW - General Materials Science SN - 1438-1656 TI - Characterization and analysis of plastic instability in an ultrafine‐grained medium Mn TRIP steel ER - TY - JOUR AU - Krüger, Jan Tobias AU - Hoyer, Kay-Peter AU - Andreiev, Anatolii AU - Schaper, Mirko AU - Zinn, Carolin ID - 33498 JF - Advanced Engineering Materials TI - Modification of Iron with Degradable Silver Phases Processed via Laser Beam Melting for Implants with Adapted Degradation Rate ER - TY - JOUR AB - In this study, the design, additive manufacturing and experimental as well as simulation investigation of mechanical and thermal properties of cellular solids are addressed. For this, two cellular solids having nested and non-nested structures are designed and additively manufactured via laser powder bed fusion. The primary objective is to design cellular solids which absorb a significant amount of energy upon impact loading without transmitting a high amount of stress into the cellular solids. Therefore, compression testing of the two cellular solids is performed. The nested and non-nested cellular solids show similar energy absorption properties; however, the nested cellular solid transmits a lower amount of stress in the cellular structure compared to the non-nested cellular solid. The experimentally measured strain (by DIC) in the interior region of the nested cellular solid is lower despite a higher value of externally imposed compressive strain. The second objective of this study is to determine the thermal insulation properties of cellular solids. For measuring the thermal insulation properties, the samples are placed on a hot plate; and the surface temperature distribution is measured by an infrared camera. The thermal insulating performance of both cellular types is sufficient for temperatures exceeding 100 °C. However, the thermal insulating performance of a non-nested cellular solid is slightly better than that of the nested cellular solid. Additional thermal simulations predict a relatively higher temperature distribution on the cellular solid surfaces compared to experimental results. The simulated residual stress shows a similar distribution for both types, but the magnitude of residual stress is different for the cellular solids upon cooling from different temperatures of the hot plate. AU - Pramanik, Sudipta AU - Milaege, Dennis AU - Hoyer, Kay-Peter AU - Schaper, Mirko ID - 41497 IS - 9 JF - Crystals KW - Inorganic Chemistry KW - Condensed Matter Physics KW - General Materials Science KW - General Chemical Engineering SN - 2073-4352 TI - Additively Manufactured Nested and Non-Nested Cellular Solids for Effective Stress Distribution and Thermal Insulation Applications: An Experimental and Finite Element Analysis Study VL - 12 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The development of bioresorbable materials for temporary implantation enables progress in medical technology. Iron (Fe)-based degradable materials are biocompatible and exhibit good mechanical properties, but their degradation rate is low. Aside from alloying with Manganese (Mn), the creation of phases with high electrochemical potential such as silver (Ag) phases to cause the anodic dissolution of FeMn is promising. However, to enable residue-free dissolution, the Ag needs to be modified. This concern is addressed, as FeMn modified with a degradable Ag-Calcium-Lanthanum (AgCaLa) alloy is investigated. The electrochemical properties and the degradation behavior are determined via a static immersion test. The local differences in electrochemical potential increase the degradation rate (low pH values), and the formation of gaps around the Ag phases (neutral pH values) demonstrates the benefit of the strategy. Nevertheless, the formation of corrosion-inhibiting layers avoids an increased degradation rate under a neutral pH value. The complete bioresorption of the material is possible since the phases of the degradable AgCaLa alloy dissolve after the FeMn matrix. Cell viability tests reveal biocompatibility, and the antibacterial activity of the degradation supernatant is observed. Thus, FeMn modified with degradable AgCaLa phases is promising as a bioresorbable material if corrosion-inhibiting layers can be diminished. AU - Krüger, Jan Tobias AU - Hoyer, Kay-Peter AU - Huang, Jingyuan AU - Filor, Viviane AU - Mateus-Vargas, Rafael Hernan AU - Oltmanns, Hilke AU - Meißner, Jessica AU - Grundmeier, Guido AU - Schaper, Mirko ID - 41494 IS - 4 JF - Journal of Functional Biomaterials KW - Biomedical Engineering KW - Biomaterials SN - 2079-4983 TI - FeMn with Phases of a Degradable Ag Alloy for Residue-Free and Adapted Bioresorbability VL - 13 ER -