---
_id: '61427'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "The carbon footprint of modern vehicles and their mechatronic systems is
    more\r\nimportant than ever. Research by the publicly funded Nalyses project and
    the HELLA\r\ncompany shows that the headlamps use phase makes a significant contribution
    to the life\r\ncycle footprint taking into account the current electricity mix
    [1]. Today, functionalities\r\nsuch as adaptive curve light or glare-free high
    beam ensure comfort and safety by\r\nassessing the state of the vehicle and evaluating
    the driving scenario ahead. In future,\r\nthis evaluation will be expanded and
    used to adapt the headlamp to the driving scenario\r\nin such a way that as little
    light as possible is emitted, but as much light as necessary. In\r\norder to achieve
    this goal, an overall evaluation of the regulatory compliant energy\r\nsaving
    potential is crucial in a first step and leads to constraints for a dynamic adaption\r\nwhile
    driving. In this paper, the potential is illustrated by evaluating UNECE Regulation\r\nNo.
    149 and optimizing luminous intensity distributions. Depending on the different\r\nresolutions
    of matrix LED headlamps, this approach can result in a significantly lower\r\nluminous
    flux. On the other hand, the results are point-like distributions that raise the\r\nquestion
    of whether the regulation still provides for sensible minimum requirements for\r\nmodern
    matrix LED headlamps. The results are further presented in a simulated virtual\r\nenvironment
    with regard to the resulting luminance in different driving scenarios. We\r\nthen
    present an approach to integrate regulatory requirements into a control algorithm
    by\r\nsetting optimization constraints and saturating the control. Finally, we
    classify the found\r\nluminous intensity distributions qualitatively according
    to common lighting criteria. In summary, although the investigated minimum distributions
    are by no means desirable\r\nfor drivers themselves, they form the basis on which
    energy-saving distributions for\r\nilluminated areas and twilight scenarios could
    be adaptively controlled in the future."
author:
- first_name: Niklas
  full_name: Fittkau, Niklas
  id: '69890'
  last_name: Fittkau
  orcid: 0009-0007-1281-4465
- first_name: Leon
  full_name: Bußemas, Leon
  id: '51118'
  last_name: Bußemas
- first_name: Kevin
  full_name: Malena, Kevin
  id: '36303'
  last_name: Malena
  orcid: 0000-0003-1183-4679
- first_name: Sandra
  full_name: Gausemeier, Sandra
  id: '17793'
  last_name: Gausemeier
- first_name: Ansgar
  full_name: Trächtler, Ansgar
  id: '552'
  last_name: Trächtler
citation:
  ama: 'Fittkau N, Bußemas L, Malena K, Gausemeier S, Trächtler A. Regulatory-compliant
    energy-saving potential for the passing beam of matrix LED headlamps. In: <i>Proceedings
    of the 16th International Symposium on Automotive Lighting 2025</i>. ; 2025. doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.26083/tuprints-00030840">10.26083/tuprints-00030840</a>'
  apa: Fittkau, N., Bußemas, L., Malena, K., Gausemeier, S., &#38; Trächtler, A. (2025).
    Regulatory-compliant energy-saving potential for the passing beam of matrix LED
    headlamps. <i>Proceedings of the 16th International Symposium on Automotive Lighting
    2025</i>. 16th International Symposium on Automotive Lighting, Darmstadt. <a href="https://doi.org/10.26083/tuprints-00030840">https://doi.org/10.26083/tuprints-00030840</a>
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Fittkau_Bußemas_Malena_Gausemeier_Trächtler_2025, place={Darmstadt},
    title={Regulatory-compliant energy-saving potential for the passing beam of matrix
    LED headlamps}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.26083/tuprints-00030840">10.26083/tuprints-00030840</a>},
    booktitle={Proceedings of the 16th International Symposium on Automotive Lighting
    2025}, author={Fittkau, Niklas and Bußemas, Leon and Malena, Kevin and Gausemeier,
    Sandra and Trächtler, Ansgar}, year={2025} }'
  chicago: Fittkau, Niklas, Leon Bußemas, Kevin Malena, Sandra Gausemeier, and Ansgar
    Trächtler. “Regulatory-Compliant Energy-Saving Potential for the Passing Beam
    of Matrix LED Headlamps.” In <i>Proceedings of the 16th International Symposium
    on Automotive Lighting 2025</i>. Darmstadt, 2025. <a href="https://doi.org/10.26083/tuprints-00030840">https://doi.org/10.26083/tuprints-00030840</a>.
  ieee: 'N. Fittkau, L. Bußemas, K. Malena, S. Gausemeier, and A. Trächtler, “Regulatory-compliant
    energy-saving potential for the passing beam of matrix LED headlamps,” presented
    at the 16th International Symposium on Automotive Lighting, Darmstadt, 2025, doi:
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.26083/tuprints-00030840">10.26083/tuprints-00030840</a>.'
  mla: Fittkau, Niklas, et al. “Regulatory-Compliant Energy-Saving Potential for the
    Passing Beam of Matrix LED Headlamps.” <i>Proceedings of the 16th International
    Symposium on Automotive Lighting 2025</i>, 2025, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.26083/tuprints-00030840">10.26083/tuprints-00030840</a>.
  short: 'N. Fittkau, L. Bußemas, K. Malena, S. Gausemeier, A. Trächtler, in: Proceedings
    of the 16th International Symposium on Automotive Lighting 2025, Darmstadt, 2025.'
conference:
  end_date: 2025-09-24
  location: Darmstadt
  name: 16th International Symposium on Automotive Lighting
  start_date: 2025-09-22
date_created: 2025-09-24T08:56:38Z
date_updated: 2025-12-12T12:47:58Z
department:
- _id: '153'
doi: 10.26083/tuprints-00030840
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://tuprints.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/30825/
oa: '1'
place: Darmstadt
project:
- _id: '693'
  name: Nachhaltigkeitsoptimiertes Life Cycle Assessment technologisch hochkomplexer
    Produkte am Beispiel Automobilbeleuchtung
publication: Proceedings of the 16th International Symposium on Automotive Lighting
  2025
status: public
title: Regulatory-compliant energy-saving potential for the passing beam of matrix
  LED headlamps
type: conference
user_id: '69890'
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '53106'
alternative_title:
- LiDAR Sensor Model based on Time Dependent Photon Mapping
author:
- first_name: Leon
  full_name: Bußemas, Leon
  id: '51118'
  last_name: Bußemas
- first_name: Niklas
  full_name: Fittkau, Niklas
  id: '69890'
  last_name: Fittkau
- first_name: Sandra
  full_name: Gausemeier, Sandra
  id: '17793'
  last_name: Gausemeier
- first_name: Ansgar
  full_name: Trächtler, Ansgar
  id: '552'
  last_name: Trächtler
- first_name: Nico
  full_name: Rüddenklau, Nico
  id: '22359'
  last_name: Rüddenklau
citation:
  ama: 'Bußemas L, Fittkau N, Gausemeier S, Trächtler A, Rüddenklau N. LiDAR-Sensormodell
    basierend auf zeitabhängigem Photon Mapping. In: <i>VDI Mechatroniktagung Dresden
    2024</i>. Technische Universität Dresden; 2024:29-34.'
  apa: Bußemas, L., Fittkau, N., Gausemeier, S., Trächtler, A., &#38; Rüddenklau,
    N. (2024). LiDAR-Sensormodell basierend auf zeitabhängigem Photon Mapping. <i>VDI
    Mechatroniktagung Dresden 2024</i>, 29–34.
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Bußemas_Fittkau_Gausemeier_Trächtler_Rüddenklau_2024, place={Dresden},
    title={LiDAR-Sensormodell basierend auf zeitabhängigem Photon Mapping}, booktitle={VDI
    Mechatroniktagung Dresden 2024}, publisher={Technische Universität Dresden}, author={Bußemas,
    Leon and Fittkau, Niklas and Gausemeier, Sandra and Trächtler, Ansgar and Rüddenklau,
    Nico}, year={2024}, pages={29–34} }'
  chicago: 'Bußemas, Leon, Niklas Fittkau, Sandra Gausemeier, Ansgar Trächtler, and
    Nico Rüddenklau. “LiDAR-Sensormodell basierend auf zeitabhängigem Photon Mapping.”
    In <i>VDI Mechatroniktagung Dresden 2024</i>, 29–34. Dresden: Technische Universität
    Dresden, 2024.'
  ieee: L. Bußemas, N. Fittkau, S. Gausemeier, A. Trächtler, and N. Rüddenklau, “LiDAR-Sensormodell
    basierend auf zeitabhängigem Photon Mapping,” in <i>VDI Mechatroniktagung Dresden
    2024</i>, Dresden, 2024, pp. 29–34.
  mla: Bußemas, Leon, et al. “LiDAR-Sensormodell basierend auf zeitabhängigem Photon
    Mapping.” <i>VDI Mechatroniktagung Dresden 2024</i>, Technische Universität Dresden,
    2024, pp. 29–34.
  short: 'L. Bußemas, N. Fittkau, S. Gausemeier, A. Trächtler, N. Rüddenklau, in:
    VDI Mechatroniktagung Dresden 2024, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, 2024,
    pp. 29–34.'
conference:
  end_date: 15.03.2024
  location: Dresden
  name: VDI Mechatroniktagung 2024
  start_date: 14.03.2024
date_created: 2024-04-02T07:30:50Z
date_updated: 2024-04-02T07:44:03Z
department:
- _id: '153'
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: ger
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://www.vdi-mechatroniktagung.rwth-aachen.de/global/show_document.asp?id=aaaaaaaacjcayqj&download=1
oa: '1'
page: 29-34
place: Dresden
project:
- _id: '691'
  name: 'RoSSHAF: Robustheit von Sensoren und Sensorsystemen gegenüber Umweltbedingungen
    für Hochautomatisiertes Fahren '
publication: VDI Mechatroniktagung Dresden 2024
publisher: Technische Universität Dresden
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: LiDAR-Sensormodell basierend auf zeitabhängigem Photon Mapping
type: conference
user_id: '51118'
year: '2024'
...
---
_id: '33849'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Modern traffic control systems are key to cope with current and future traffic
    challenges. In this paper information obtained from a microscopic traffic estimation
    using various data sources is used to feed a new developed traffic control approach.
    The presented method can control a traffic area with multiple traffic light systems
    (TLS) reacting to individual road users and pedestrians. In contrast to widespread
    green time extension techniques, this control selects the best phase sequence
    by analyzing the current traffic state reconstructed in SUMO and its predicted
    progress. To achieve this, the key aspect of the control strategy is to use Model
    Predictive Control (MPC). In order to maintain realism for real world applications,
    among other things, the traffic phase transitions are modelled in detail and integrated
    within the prediction. For the efficiency, the approach incorporates a fuzzy logic
    preselection of all phases reducing the computational effort. The evaluation itself
    is able to be easily adjusted to focus on various objectives like low occupancies,
    reducing waiting times and emissions, few number of phase transitions etc. determining
    the best switching times for the selected phases. Exemplary traffic simulations
    demonstrate the functionality of the MPC-based control and, in addition, some
    aspects under development like the real-world communication network are also discussed.
author:
- first_name: Kevin
  full_name: Malena, Kevin
  id: '36303'
  last_name: Malena
  orcid: 0000-0003-1183-4679
- first_name: Christopher
  full_name: Link, Christopher
  id: '38249'
  last_name: Link
- first_name: Leon
  full_name: Bußemas, Leon
  id: '51118'
  last_name: Bußemas
- first_name: Sandra
  full_name: Gausemeier, Sandra
  id: '17793'
  last_name: Gausemeier
- first_name: Ansgar
  full_name: Trächtler, Ansgar
  id: '552'
  last_name: Trächtler
citation:
  ama: 'Malena K, Link C, Bußemas L, Gausemeier S, Trächtler A. Traffic Estimation
    and MPC-Based Traffic Light System Control in Realistic Real-Time Traffic Environments.
    In: Klein C, Jarke M, Helfert M, Berns K, Gusikhin O, eds. <i>Communications in
    Computer and Information Science</i>. Vol 1612. Communications in Computer and
    Information Science. Springer International Publishing; 2022:232–254. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-17098-0_12">10.1007/978-3-031-17098-0_12</a>'
  apa: Malena, K., Link, C., Bußemas, L., Gausemeier, S., &#38; Trächtler, A. (2022).
    Traffic Estimation and MPC-Based Traffic Light System Control in Realistic Real-Time
    Traffic Environments. In C. Klein, M. Jarke, M. Helfert, K. Berns, &#38; O. Gusikhin
    (Eds.), <i>Communications in Computer and Information Science</i> (Vol. 1612,
    pp. 232–254). Springer International Publishing. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-17098-0_12">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-17098-0_12</a>
  bibtex: '@inbook{Malena_Link_Bußemas_Gausemeier_Trächtler_2022, place={Cham}, series={Communications
    in Computer and Information Science}, title={Traffic Estimation and MPC-Based
    Traffic Light System Control in Realistic Real-Time Traffic Environments}, volume={1612},
    DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-17098-0_12">10.1007/978-3-031-17098-0_12</a>},
    booktitle={Communications in Computer and Information Science}, publisher={Springer
    International Publishing}, author={Malena, Kevin and Link, Christopher and Bußemas,
    Leon and Gausemeier, Sandra and Trächtler, Ansgar}, editor={Klein, Cornel and
    Jarke, Mathias and Helfert, Markus and Berns, Karsten and Gusikhin, Oleg}, year={2022},
    pages={232–254}, collection={Communications in Computer and Information Science}
    }'
  chicago: 'Malena, Kevin, Christopher Link, Leon Bußemas, Sandra Gausemeier, and
    Ansgar Trächtler. “Traffic Estimation and MPC-Based Traffic Light System Control
    in Realistic Real-Time Traffic Environments.” In <i>Communications in Computer
    and Information Science</i>, edited by Cornel Klein, Mathias Jarke, Markus Helfert,
    Karsten Berns, and Oleg Gusikhin, 1612:232–254. Communications in Computer and
    Information Science. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-17098-0_12">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-17098-0_12</a>.'
  ieee: 'K. Malena, C. Link, L. Bußemas, S. Gausemeier, and A. Trächtler, “Traffic
    Estimation and MPC-Based Traffic Light System Control in Realistic Real-Time Traffic
    Environments,” in <i>Communications in Computer and Information Science</i>, vol.
    1612, C. Klein, M. Jarke, M. Helfert, K. Berns, and O. Gusikhin, Eds. Cham: Springer
    International Publishing, 2022, pp. 232–254.'
  mla: Malena, Kevin, et al. “Traffic Estimation and MPC-Based Traffic Light System
    Control in Realistic Real-Time Traffic Environments.” <i>Communications in Computer
    and Information Science</i>, edited by Cornel Klein et al., vol. 1612, Springer
    International Publishing, 2022, pp. 232–254, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-17098-0_12">10.1007/978-3-031-17098-0_12</a>.
  short: 'K. Malena, C. Link, L. Bußemas, S. Gausemeier, A. Trächtler, in: C. Klein,
    M. Jarke, M. Helfert, K. Berns, O. Gusikhin (Eds.), Communications in Computer
    and Information Science, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2022, pp. 232–254.'
date_created: 2022-10-20T15:06:39Z
date_updated: 2026-01-26T08:49:52Z
department:
- _id: '153'
doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-17098-0_12
editor:
- first_name: Cornel
  full_name: Klein, Cornel
  last_name: Klein
- first_name: Mathias
  full_name: Jarke, Mathias
  last_name: Jarke
- first_name: Markus
  full_name: Helfert, Markus
  last_name: Helfert
- first_name: Karsten
  full_name: Berns, Karsten
  last_name: Berns
- first_name: Oleg
  full_name: Gusikhin, Oleg
  last_name: Gusikhin
intvolume: '      1612'
keyword:
- Traffic control
- Traffic estimation
- Real-time
- MPC
- Fuzzy
- Isolated intersection
- Networked intersection
- Sensor fusion
language:
- iso: eng
page: 232–254
place: Cham
publication: Communications in Computer and Information Science
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - '9783031170973'
  - '9783031170980'
  issn:
  - 1865-0929
  - 1865-0937
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer International Publishing
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  record:
  - id: '24159'
    relation: continues
    status: public
series_title: Communications in Computer and Information Science
status: public
title: Traffic Estimation and MPC-Based Traffic Light System Control in Realistic
  Real-Time Traffic Environments
type: book_chapter
user_id: '552'
volume: 1612
year: '2022'
...