---
_id: '60583'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: <jats:p>Assessing and communicating software security has become a crucial
    concern in the era of digital transformation. As software systems grow more complex
    and interconnected, it becomes increasingly challenging to effectively evaluate
    and communicate a product's security status to both technical and non-technical
    stakeholders. The Software Product Health Assistant (SPHA) is designed to automatically
    collect and aggregate data from existing expert tools and derive, among other
    scores, a transparent Security Score. SPHA is designed to present and explain
    this Security Score to decision-makers to support their responsibilities. In this
    paper, we demonstrate how to integrate data from SMARAGD (System Modeler for Architectural
    Risk Assessment and Guidance on Defenses), a safety-informed threat modeling tool,
    into SPHA to enhance the existing definition of its Security Score. To achieve
    this, we combine information about known vulnerabilities with architectural and
    threat data to calculate a realistic risk score for the product in question.</jats:p>
author:
- first_name: Jan-niclas
  full_name: Strüwer, Jan-niclas
  last_name: Strüwer
- first_name: Roman
  full_name: Trentinaglia, Roman
  id: '49934'
  last_name: Trentinaglia
  orcid: 0000-0001-9728-4991
- first_name: Benedict
  full_name: Wohlers, Benedict
  id: '53786'
  last_name: Wohlers
- first_name: Eric
  full_name: Bodden, Eric
  id: '59256'
  last_name: Bodden
  orcid: 0000-0003-3470-3647
- first_name: Roman
  full_name: Dumitrescu, Roman
  id: '16190'
  last_name: Dumitrescu
citation:
  ama: 'Strüwer J, Trentinaglia R, Wohlers B, Bodden E, Dumitrescu R. Assessing and
    Communicating Software Security: Enhancing Software Product Health with Architectural
    Threat Analysis. In: <i>AHFE International</i>. Vol 168. AHFE International; 2025.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1006145">10.54941/ahfe1006145</a>'
  apa: 'Strüwer, J., Trentinaglia, R., Wohlers, B., Bodden, E., &#38; Dumitrescu,
    R. (2025). Assessing and Communicating Software Security: Enhancing Software Product
    Health with Architectural Threat Analysis. <i>AHFE International</i>, <i>168</i>.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1006145">https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1006145</a>'
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Strüwer_Trentinaglia_Wohlers_Bodden_Dumitrescu_2025, title={Assessing
    and Communicating Software Security: Enhancing Software Product Health with Architectural
    Threat Analysis}, volume={168}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1006145">10.54941/ahfe1006145</a>},
    booktitle={AHFE International}, publisher={AHFE International}, author={Strüwer,
    Jan-niclas and Trentinaglia, Roman and Wohlers, Benedict and Bodden, Eric and
    Dumitrescu, Roman}, year={2025} }'
  chicago: 'Strüwer, Jan-niclas, Roman Trentinaglia, Benedict Wohlers, Eric Bodden,
    and Roman Dumitrescu. “Assessing and Communicating Software Security: Enhancing
    Software Product Health with Architectural Threat Analysis.” In <i>AHFE International</i>,
    Vol. 168. AHFE International, 2025. <a href="https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1006145">https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1006145</a>.'
  ieee: 'J. Strüwer, R. Trentinaglia, B. Wohlers, E. Bodden, and R. Dumitrescu, “Assessing
    and Communicating Software Security: Enhancing Software Product Health with Architectural
    Threat Analysis,” in <i>AHFE International</i>, 2025, vol. 168, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1006145">10.54941/ahfe1006145</a>.'
  mla: 'Strüwer, Jan-niclas, et al. “Assessing and Communicating Software Security:
    Enhancing Software Product Health with Architectural Threat Analysis.” <i>AHFE
    International</i>, vol. 168, AHFE International, 2025, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1006145">10.54941/ahfe1006145</a>.'
  short: 'J. Strüwer, R. Trentinaglia, B. Wohlers, E. Bodden, R. Dumitrescu, in: AHFE
    International, AHFE International, 2025.'
date_created: 2025-07-10T06:37:42Z
date_updated: 2025-07-10T06:39:03Z
department:
- _id: '241'
- _id: '662'
doi: 10.54941/ahfe1006145
intvolume: '       168'
language:
- iso: eng
publication: AHFE International
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2771-0718
publication_status: published
publisher: AHFE International
status: public
title: 'Assessing and Communicating Software Security: Enhancing Software Product
  Health with Architectural Threat Analysis'
type: conference
user_id: '49934'
volume: 168
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '20347'
author:
- first_name: Faruk
  full_name: Pasic, Faruk
  id: '49576'
  last_name: Pasic
- first_name: Benedict
  full_name: Wohlers, Benedict
  id: '53786'
  last_name: Wohlers
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Dziwok, Stefan
  id: '3901'
  last_name: Dziwok
  orcid: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8679-6673
- first_name: Matthias
  full_name: Becker, Matthias
  id: '4870'
  last_name: Becker
  orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2465-9347
- first_name: Matthias
  full_name: Heinrich, Matthias
  last_name: Heinrich
citation:
  ama: 'Pasic F, Wohlers B, Dziwok S, Becker M, Heinrich M. A KPI-based Condition
    Monitoring System for the Beer Brewing Process. In: <i>2019 24th IEEE International
    Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)</i>. ; 2019:1469-1472.'
  apa: Pasic, F., Wohlers, B., Dziwok, S., Becker, M., &#38; Heinrich, M. (2019).
    A KPI-based Condition Monitoring System for the Beer Brewing Process. <i>2019
    24th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation
    (ETFA)</i>, 1469–1472.
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Pasic_Wohlers_Dziwok_Becker_Heinrich_2019, title={A KPI-based
    Condition Monitoring System for the Beer Brewing Process}, booktitle={2019 24th
    IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation
    (ETFA)}, author={Pasic, Faruk and Wohlers, Benedict and Dziwok, Stefan and Becker,
    Matthias and Heinrich, Matthias}, year={2019}, pages={1469–1472} }'
  chicago: Pasic, Faruk, Benedict Wohlers, Stefan Dziwok, Matthias Becker, and Matthias
    Heinrich. “A KPI-Based Condition Monitoring System for the Beer Brewing Process.”
    In <i>2019 24th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory
    Automation (ETFA)</i>, 1469–72, 2019.
  ieee: F. Pasic, B. Wohlers, S. Dziwok, M. Becker, and M. Heinrich, “A KPI-based
    Condition Monitoring System for the Beer Brewing Process,” in <i>2019 24th IEEE
    International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)</i>,
    2019, pp. 1469–1472.
  mla: Pasic, Faruk, et al. “A KPI-Based Condition Monitoring System for the Beer
    Brewing Process.” <i>2019 24th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies
    and Factory Automation (ETFA)</i>, 2019, pp. 1469–72.
  short: 'F. Pasic, B. Wohlers, S. Dziwok, M. Becker, M. Heinrich, in: 2019 24th IEEE
    International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA),
    2019, pp. 1469–1472.'
date_created: 2020-11-13T08:34:51Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:54:26Z
department:
- _id: '241'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 1469-1472
publication: 2019 24th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and
  Factory Automation (ETFA)
status: public
title: A KPI-based Condition Monitoring System for the Beer Brewing Process
type: conference
user_id: '14931'
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '20761'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'The processes for manufacturing and operating modern technical products require
    expertise in multiple disciplines like mechanical engineer-ing, electrical engineering,
    and software engineering. Assessing the current condition and quality of these
    processes and the machines in-volved is challenging due to the inherent complexity
    of the products and the required expertise in multiple engineering domains. Globaliza-tion
    and increasing competition make it necessary to reduce production costs while
    at the same time ensuring high throughput and product quality. Without the ability
    to precisely assess the condition and quality of production processes and involved
    machines, taking action to steer these metrics is nearly impossible and results
    in unnecessary high production costs. In our previous publications, we introduced
    the concept of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for mechatronic systems as a
    concept to assess the condition and quality of products and production processes
    in a graspable yet substantial and efficient way. In this paper, we further refine
    our KPI concepts und evaluate them for two different use cases: we apply our KPI
    concept to a manufacturing process in the mechatronic system domain and an operation
    process in the food production domain. We provide detailed insights in how we
    applied our concepts within these domains and report about lessons learned. In
    addition, we provide a business case estimation for our soft-ware solution that
    assesses the KPIs of our food production domain example.'
author:
- first_name: Benedict
  full_name: Wohlers, Benedict
  id: '53786'
  last_name: Wohlers
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Dziwok, Stefan
  id: '3901'
  last_name: Dziwok
  orcid: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8679-6673
- first_name: Faruk
  full_name: Pasic, Faruk
  id: '49576'
  last_name: Pasic
- first_name: Andre
  full_name: Lipsmeier, Andre
  last_name: Lipsmeier
- first_name: Matthias
  full_name: Becker, Matthias
  id: '4870'
  last_name: Becker
  orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2465-9347
citation:
  ama: Wohlers B, Dziwok S, Pasic F, Lipsmeier A, Becker M. Monitoring and Control
    of Production Processes based on Key Performance Indicators for Mechatronic Systems.
    <i>International Journal of Production Economics</i>. 2019.
  apa: Wohlers, B., Dziwok, S., Pasic, F., Lipsmeier, A., &#38; Becker, M. (2019).
    Monitoring and Control of Production Processes based on Key Performance Indicators
    for Mechatronic Systems. <i>International Journal of Production Economics</i>.
  bibtex: '@article{Wohlers_Dziwok_Pasic_Lipsmeier_Becker_2019, title={Monitoring
    and Control of Production Processes based on Key Performance Indicators for Mechatronic
    Systems}, journal={International Journal of Production Economics}, author={Wohlers,
    Benedict and Dziwok, Stefan and Pasic, Faruk and Lipsmeier, Andre and Becker,
    Matthias}, year={2019} }'
  chicago: Wohlers, Benedict, Stefan Dziwok, Faruk Pasic, Andre Lipsmeier, and Matthias
    Becker. “Monitoring and Control of Production Processes Based on Key Performance
    Indicators for Mechatronic Systems.” <i>International Journal of Production Economics</i>,
    2019.
  ieee: B. Wohlers, S. Dziwok, F. Pasic, A. Lipsmeier, and M. Becker, “Monitoring
    and Control of Production Processes based on Key Performance Indicators for Mechatronic
    Systems,” <i>International Journal of Production Economics</i>, 2019.
  mla: Wohlers, Benedict, et al. “Monitoring and Control of Production Processes Based
    on Key Performance Indicators for Mechatronic Systems.” <i>International Journal
    of Production Economics</i>, 2019.
  short: B. Wohlers, S. Dziwok, F. Pasic, A. Lipsmeier, M. Becker, International Journal
    of Production Economics (2019).
date_created: 2020-12-16T14:06:20Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:54:36Z
department:
- _id: '241'
language:
- iso: eng
publication: International Journal of Production Economics
status: public
title: Monitoring and Control of Production Processes based on Key Performance Indicators
  for Mechatronic Systems
type: journal_article
user_id: '3901'
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '20787'
author:
- first_name: Benedict
  full_name: Wohlers, Benedict
  id: '53786'
  last_name: Wohlers
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Dziwok, Stefan
  id: '3901'
  last_name: Dziwok
  orcid: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8679-6673
- first_name: David
  full_name: Schmelter, David
  id: '40982'
  last_name: Schmelter
  orcid: 0000-0001-7787-5380
- first_name: Wadim
  full_name: Lorenz, Wadim
  last_name: Lorenz
citation:
  ama: Wohlers B, Dziwok S, Schmelter D, Lorenz W. Improving Quality Control of Mechatronic
    Systems Using KPI-Based Statistical Process Control. <i>Advances in Manufacturing,
    Production Management and Process Control - AHFE 2018</i>. 2018:398-410.
  apa: Wohlers, B., Dziwok, S., Schmelter, D., &#38; Lorenz, W. (2018). Improving
    Quality Control of Mechatronic Systems Using KPI-Based Statistical Process Control.
    <i>Advances in Manufacturing, Production Management and Process Control - AHFE
    2018</i>, 398–410.
  bibtex: '@article{Wohlers_Dziwok_Schmelter_Lorenz_2018, title={Improving Quality
    Control of Mechatronic Systems Using KPI-Based Statistical Process Control}, journal={Advances
    in Manufacturing, Production Management and Process Control - AHFE 2018}, author={Wohlers,
    Benedict and Dziwok, Stefan and Schmelter, David and Lorenz, Wadim}, year={2018},
    pages={398–410} }'
  chicago: Wohlers, Benedict, Stefan Dziwok, David Schmelter, and Wadim Lorenz. “Improving
    Quality Control of Mechatronic Systems Using KPI-Based Statistical Process Control.”
    <i>Advances in Manufacturing, Production Management and Process Control - AHFE
    2018</i>, 2018, 398–410.
  ieee: B. Wohlers, S. Dziwok, D. Schmelter, and W. Lorenz, “Improving Quality Control
    of Mechatronic Systems Using KPI-Based Statistical Process Control,” <i>Advances
    in Manufacturing, Production Management and Process Control - AHFE 2018</i>, pp.
    398–410, 2018.
  mla: Wohlers, Benedict, et al. “Improving Quality Control of Mechatronic Systems
    Using KPI-Based Statistical Process Control.” <i>Advances in Manufacturing, Production
    Management and Process Control - AHFE 2018</i>, 2018, pp. 398–410.
  short: B. Wohlers, S. Dziwok, D. Schmelter, W. Lorenz, Advances in Manufacturing,
    Production Management and Process Control - AHFE 2018 (2018) 398–410.
date_created: 2020-12-17T12:13:56Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:54:38Z
department:
- _id: '241'
- _id: '662'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-94196-7_37
page: 398-410
publication: Advances in Manufacturing, Production Management and Process Control
  - AHFE 2018
status: public
title: Improving Quality Control of Mechatronic Systems Using KPI-Based Statistical
  Process Control
type: journal_article
user_id: '40982'
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '20796'
author:
- first_name: Benedict
  full_name: Wohlers, Benedict
  id: '53786'
  last_name: Wohlers
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Dziwok, Stefan
  id: '3901'
  last_name: Dziwok
  orcid: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8679-6673
- first_name: Christian
  full_name: Bremer, Christian
  last_name: Bremer
- first_name: David
  full_name: Schmelter, David
  id: '40982'
  last_name: Schmelter
  orcid: 0000-0001-7787-5380
- first_name: Wadim
  full_name: Lorenz, Wadim
  last_name: Lorenz
citation:
  ama: 'Wohlers B, Dziwok S, Bremer C, Schmelter D, Lorenz W. Improving the Product
    Control of Mechatronic Systems Using Key Performance Indicators. In: <i>Proceedings
    of the 24th International Conference on Production Research (ICPR)</i>. DEStech
    Publications, Inc.; 2017.'
  apa: Wohlers, B., Dziwok, S., Bremer, C., Schmelter, D., &#38; Lorenz, W. (2017).
    Improving the Product Control of Mechatronic Systems Using Key Performance Indicators.
    In <i>Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Production Research
    (ICPR)</i>. DEStech Publications, Inc.
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Wohlers_Dziwok_Bremer_Schmelter_Lorenz_2017, title={Improving
    the Product Control of Mechatronic Systems Using Key Performance Indicators},
    booktitle={Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Production Research
    (ICPR)}, publisher={DEStech Publications, Inc.}, author={Wohlers, Benedict and
    Dziwok, Stefan and Bremer, Christian and Schmelter, David and Lorenz, Wadim},
    year={2017} }'
  chicago: Wohlers, Benedict, Stefan Dziwok, Christian Bremer, David Schmelter, and
    Wadim Lorenz. “Improving the Product Control of Mechatronic Systems Using Key
    Performance Indicators.” In <i>Proceedings of the 24th International Conference
    on Production Research (ICPR)</i>. DEStech Publications, Inc., 2017.
  ieee: B. Wohlers, S. Dziwok, C. Bremer, D. Schmelter, and W. Lorenz, “Improving
    the Product Control of Mechatronic Systems Using Key Performance Indicators,”
    in <i>Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Production Research
    (ICPR)</i>, 2017.
  mla: Wohlers, Benedict, et al. “Improving the Product Control of Mechatronic Systems
    Using Key Performance Indicators.” <i>Proceedings of the 24th International Conference
    on Production Research (ICPR)</i>, DEStech Publications, Inc., 2017.
  short: 'B. Wohlers, S. Dziwok, C. Bremer, D. Schmelter, W. Lorenz, in: Proceedings
    of the 24th International Conference on Production Research (ICPR), DEStech Publications,
    Inc., 2017.'
date_created: 2020-12-17T13:35:17Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:54:38Z
department:
- _id: '241'
- _id: '662'
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Production Research
  (ICPR)
publisher: DEStech Publications, Inc.
status: public
title: Improving the Product Control of Mechatronic Systems Using Key Performance
  Indicators
type: conference
user_id: '40982'
year: '2017'
...