---
_id: '64872'
author:
- first_name: Heike M.
  full_name: Buhl, Heike M.
  id: '27152'
  last_name: Buhl
- first_name: Josephine Beryl
  full_name: Fisher, Josephine Beryl
  id: '56345'
  last_name: Fisher
  orcid: 0000-0002-9997-9241
- first_name: Katharina J.
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina J.
  id: '50352'
  last_name: Rohlfing
  orcid: 0000-0002-5676-8233
citation:
  ama: 'Buhl HM, Fisher JB, Rohlfing KJ. Cognitive and Interactive Adaptivity to the
    Explainee in an Explanatory Dialogue: An Experimental Study. In: Cimiano P, Paassen
    B, Vollmer A-L, eds. <i>Proceedings of the 3rd TRR 318 Conference: Contextualizing
    Explanations</i>. Bielefeld University Press; 2026. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.64136/gumb4700">10.64136/gumb4700</a>'
  apa: 'Buhl, H. M., Fisher, J. B., &#38; Rohlfing, K. J. (2026). Cognitive and Interactive
    Adaptivity to the Explainee in an Explanatory Dialogue: An Experimental Study.
    In P. Cimiano, B. Paassen, &#38; A.-L. Vollmer (Eds.), <i>Proceedings of the 3rd
    TRR 318 Conference: Contextualizing Explanations</i>. Bielefeld University Press.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.64136/gumb4700">https://doi.org/10.64136/gumb4700</a>'
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Buhl_Fisher_Rohlfing_2026, title={Cognitive and Interactive
    Adaptivity to the Explainee in an Explanatory Dialogue: An Experimental Study},
    DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.64136/gumb4700">10.64136/gumb4700</a>}, booktitle={Proceedings
    of the 3rd TRR 318 Conference: Contextualizing Explanations}, publisher={Bielefeld
    University Press}, author={Buhl, Heike M. and Fisher, Josephine Beryl and Rohlfing,
    Katharina J.}, editor={Cimiano, Philipp and Paassen, Benjamin and Vollmer, Anna-Lisa},
    year={2026} }'
  chicago: 'Buhl, Heike M., Josephine Beryl Fisher, and Katharina J. Rohlfing. “Cognitive
    and Interactive Adaptivity to the Explainee in an Explanatory Dialogue: An Experimental
    Study.” In <i>Proceedings of the 3rd TRR 318 Conference: Contextualizing Explanations</i>,
    edited by Philipp Cimiano, Benjamin Paassen, and Anna-Lisa Vollmer. Bielefeld
    University Press, 2026. <a href="https://doi.org/10.64136/gumb4700">https://doi.org/10.64136/gumb4700</a>.'
  ieee: 'H. M. Buhl, J. B. Fisher, and K. J. Rohlfing, “Cognitive and Interactive
    Adaptivity to the Explainee in an Explanatory Dialogue: An Experimental Study,”
    in <i>Proceedings of the 3rd TRR 318 Conference: Contextualizing Explanations</i>,
    2026, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.64136/gumb4700">10.64136/gumb4700</a>.'
  mla: 'Buhl, Heike M., et al. “Cognitive and Interactive Adaptivity to the Explainee
    in an Explanatory Dialogue: An Experimental Study.” <i>Proceedings of the 3rd
    TRR 318 Conference: Contextualizing Explanations</i>, edited by Philipp Cimiano
    et al., Bielefeld University Press, 2026, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.64136/gumb4700">10.64136/gumb4700</a>.'
  short: 'H.M. Buhl, J.B. Fisher, K.J. Rohlfing, in: P. Cimiano, B. Paassen, A.-L.
    Vollmer (Eds.), Proceedings of the 3rd TRR 318 Conference: Contextualizing Explanations,
    Bielefeld University Press, 2026.'
conference:
  name: 3rd TRR 318 Conference
date_created: 2026-03-10T08:26:13Z
date_updated: 2026-03-10T08:29:56Z
department:
- _id: '427'
doi: 10.64136/gumb4700
editor:
- first_name: Philipp
  full_name: Cimiano, Philipp
  last_name: Cimiano
- first_name: Benjamin
  full_name: Paassen, Benjamin
  last_name: Paassen
- first_name: Anna-Lisa
  full_name: Vollmer, Anna-Lisa
  last_name: Vollmer
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
oa: '1'
publication: 'Proceedings of the 3rd TRR 318 Conference: Contextualizing Explanations'
publisher: Bielefeld University Press
status: public
title: 'Cognitive and Interactive Adaptivity to the Explainee in an Explanatory Dialogue:
  An Experimental Study'
type: conference_abstract
user_id: '90826'
year: '2026'
...
---
_id: '65083'
author:
- first_name: Heike M.
  full_name: Buhl, Heike M.
  id: '27152'
  last_name: Buhl
- first_name: Britta
  full_name: Wrede, Britta
  last_name: Wrede
- first_name: Josephine Beryl
  full_name: Fisher, Josephine Beryl
  id: '56345'
  last_name: Fisher
  orcid: 0000-0002-9997-9241
- first_name: Marco
  full_name: Matarese, Marco
  last_name: Matarese
citation:
  ama: 'Buhl HM, Wrede B, Fisher JB, Matarese M. Adaptation. In: Rohlfing KJ, Främling
    K, Lim B, Alpsancar S, Thommes K, eds. <i>Social Explainable AI</i>. Springer;
    2026:247-267. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_13">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_13</a>'
  apa: Buhl, H. M., Wrede, B., Fisher, J. B., &#38; Matarese, M. (2026). Adaptation.
    In K. J. Rohlfing, K. Främling, B. Lim, S. Alpsancar, &#38; K. Thommes (Eds.),
    <i>Social Explainable AI</i> (pp. 247–267). Springer. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_13">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_13</a>
  bibtex: '@inbook{Buhl_Wrede_Fisher_Matarese_2026, title={Adaptation}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_13">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_13</a>},
    booktitle={Social Explainable AI}, publisher={Springer}, author={Buhl, Heike M.
    and Wrede, Britta and Fisher, Josephine Beryl and Matarese, Marco}, editor={Rohlfing,
    Katharina J. and Främling, Kary and Lim, Brian and Alpsancar, Suzana and Thommes,
    Kirsten}, year={2026}, pages={247–267} }'
  chicago: Buhl, Heike M., Britta Wrede, Josephine Beryl Fisher, and Marco Matarese.
    “Adaptation.” In <i>Social Explainable AI</i>, edited by Katharina J. Rohlfing,
    Kary Främling, Brian Lim, Suzana Alpsancar, and Kirsten Thommes, 247–67. Springer,
    2026. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_13">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_13</a>.
  ieee: H. M. Buhl, B. Wrede, J. B. Fisher, and M. Matarese, “Adaptation,” in <i>Social
    Explainable AI</i>, K. J. Rohlfing, K. Främling, B. Lim, S. Alpsancar, and K.
    Thommes, Eds. Springer, 2026, pp. 247–267.
  mla: Buhl, Heike M., et al. “Adaptation.” <i>Social Explainable AI</i>, edited by
    Katharina J. Rohlfing et al., Springer, 2026, pp. 247–67, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_13">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_13</a>.
  short: 'H.M. Buhl, B. Wrede, J.B. Fisher, M. Matarese, in: K.J. Rohlfing, K. Främling,
    B. Lim, S. Alpsancar, K. Thommes (Eds.), Social Explainable AI, Springer, 2026,
    pp. 247–267.'
date_created: 2026-03-23T07:55:56Z
date_updated: 2026-03-23T18:25:34Z
department:
- _id: '427'
- _id: '660'
doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_13
editor:
- first_name: Katharina J.
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina J.
  last_name: Rohlfing
- first_name: Kary
  full_name: Främling, Kary
  last_name: Främling
- first_name: Brian
  full_name: Lim, Brian
  last_name: Lim
- first_name: Suzana
  full_name: Alpsancar, Suzana
  last_name: Alpsancar
- first_name: Kirsten
  full_name: Thommes, Kirsten
  last_name: Thommes
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_13
oa: '1'
page: 247-267
project:
- _id: '111'
  name: 'TRR 318; TP A01: Adaptives Erklären'
- _id: '114'
  name: 'TRR 318; TP A04: Integration des technischen Modells in das Partnermodell
    bei der Erklärung von digitalen Artefakten'
- _id: '115'
  name: 'TRR 318; TP A05: Echtzeitmessung der Aufmerksamkeit im Mensch-Roboter-Erklärdialog'
- _id: '118'
  name: 'TRR 318: Project Area INF'
publication: Social Explainable AI
publication_identifier:
  unknown:
  - 978-981-96-5290-7
publisher: Springer
related_material:
  link:
  - relation: confirmation
    url: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_13
status: public
title: Adaptation
type: book_chapter
user_id: '90826'
year: '2026'
...
---
_id: '61243'
author:
- first_name: Josephine Beryl
  full_name: Fisher, Josephine Beryl
  id: '56345'
  last_name: Fisher
  orcid: 0000-0002-9997-9241
- first_name: Lutz
  full_name: Terfloth, Lutz
  id: '37320'
  last_name: Terfloth
citation:
  ama: 'Fisher JB, Terfloth L. The Dual Nature as a Local Context to Explore Verbal
    Behaviour in Game Explanations. In: <i> Proceedings of the 29th Workshop on the
    Semantics and Pragmatics of Dialogue (SemDial 2025)</i>. ; 2025.'
  apa: Fisher, J. B., &#38; Terfloth, L. (2025). The Dual Nature as a Local Context
    to Explore Verbal Behaviour in Game Explanations. <i> Proceedings of the 29th
    Workshop on the Semantics and Pragmatics of Dialogue (SemDial 2025)</i>.
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Fisher_Terfloth_2025, title={The Dual Nature as a Local
    Context to Explore Verbal Behaviour in Game Explanations}, booktitle={ Proceedings
    of the 29th Workshop on the Semantics and Pragmatics of Dialogue (SemDial 2025)},
    author={Fisher, Josephine Beryl and Terfloth, Lutz}, year={2025} }'
  chicago: Fisher, Josephine Beryl, and Lutz Terfloth. “The Dual Nature as a Local
    Context to Explore Verbal Behaviour in Game Explanations.” In <i> Proceedings
    of the 29th Workshop on the Semantics and Pragmatics of Dialogue (SemDial 2025)</i>,
    2025.
  ieee: J. B. Fisher and L. Terfloth, “The Dual Nature as a Local Context to Explore
    Verbal Behaviour in Game Explanations,” 2025.
  mla: Fisher, Josephine Beryl, and Lutz Terfloth. “The Dual Nature as a Local Context
    to Explore Verbal Behaviour in Game Explanations.” <i> Proceedings of the 29th
    Workshop on the Semantics and Pragmatics of Dialogue (SemDial 2025)</i>, 2025.
  short: 'J.B. Fisher, L. Terfloth, in:  Proceedings of the 29th Workshop on the Semantics
    and Pragmatics of Dialogue (SemDial 2025), 2025.'
date_created: 2025-09-12T09:28:30Z
date_updated: 2025-09-15T14:36:06Z
department:
- _id: '660'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://www.semdial.org/anthology/Z25-Fisher_semdial_4432.pdf
project:
- _id: '111'
  name: 'TRR 318; TP A01: Adaptives Erklären'
- _id: '114'
  name: 'TRR 318; TP A04: Integration des technischen Modells in das Partnermodell
    bei der Erklärung von digitalen Artefakten'
publication: ' Proceedings of the 29th Workshop on the Semantics and Pragmatics of
  Dialogue (SemDial 2025)'
status: public
title: The Dual Nature as a Local Context to Explore Verbal Behaviour in Game Explanations
type: conference_abstract
user_id: '56345'
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '61332'
author:
- first_name: Heike M.
  full_name: Buhl, Heike M.
  id: '27152'
  last_name: Buhl
- first_name: Josephine Beryl
  full_name: Fisher, Josephine Beryl
  id: '56345'
  last_name: Fisher
  orcid: 0000-0002-9997-9241
- first_name: Katharina J.
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina J.
  id: '50352'
  last_name: Rohlfing
  orcid: 0000-0002-5676-8233
citation:
  ama: 'Buhl HM, Fisher JB, Rohlfing KJ. <i>Role Perception Questionnaire: Co-Construction.
    Scales Manual</i>. OSF; 2025.'
  apa: 'Buhl, H. M., Fisher, J. B., &#38; Rohlfing, K. J. (2025). <i>Role Perception
    Questionnaire: Co-construction. Scales manual</i>. OSF.'
  bibtex: '@book{Buhl_Fisher_Rohlfing_2025, title={Role Perception Questionnaire:
    Co-construction. Scales manual}, publisher={OSF}, author={Buhl, Heike M. and Fisher,
    Josephine Beryl and Rohlfing, Katharina J.}, year={2025} }'
  chicago: 'Buhl, Heike M., Josephine Beryl Fisher, and Katharina J. Rohlfing. <i>Role
    Perception Questionnaire: Co-Construction. Scales Manual</i>. OSF, 2025.'
  ieee: 'H. M. Buhl, J. B. Fisher, and K. J. Rohlfing, <i>Role Perception Questionnaire:
    Co-construction. Scales manual</i>. OSF, 2025.'
  mla: 'Buhl, Heike M., et al. <i>Role Perception Questionnaire: Co-Construction.
    Scales Manual</i>. OSF, 2025.'
  short: 'H.M. Buhl, J.B. Fisher, K.J. Rohlfing, Role Perception Questionnaire: Co-Construction.
    Scales Manual, OSF, 2025.'
date_created: 2025-09-17T15:04:28Z
date_updated: 2025-09-17T15:06:22Z
department:
- _id: '427'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://osf.io/bnem2/files/osfstorage/68677f0b45587b0093f71a0f
project:
- _id: '111'
  name: 'TRR 318; TP A01: Adaptives Erklären'
publisher: OSF
status: public
title: 'Role Perception Questionnaire: Co-construction. Scales manual'
type: report
user_id: '90826'
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '61156'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Explainability has become an important topic in computer science and artificial
    intelligence, leading to a subfield called Explainable Artificial Intelligence
    (XAI). The goal of providing or seeking explanations is to achieve (better) ‘understanding’
    on the part of the explainee. However, what it means to ‘understand’ is still
    not clearly defined, and the concept itself is rarely the subject of scientific
    investigation. This conceptual article aims to present a model of forms of understanding
    for XAI-explanations and beyond. From an interdisciplinary perspective bringing
    together computer science, linguistics, sociology, philosophy and psychology,
    a definition of understanding and its forms, assessment, and dynamics during the
    process of giving everyday explanations are explored. Two types of understanding
    are considered as possible outcomes of explanations, namely enabledness, ‘knowing
    how’ to do or decide something, and comprehension, ‘knowing that’ – both in different
    degrees (from shallow to deep). Explanations regularly start with shallow understanding
    in a specific domain and can lead to deep comprehension and enabledness of the
    explanandum, which we see as a prerequisite for human users to gain agency. In
    this process, the increase of comprehension and enabledness are highly interdependent.
    Against the background of this systematization, special challenges of understanding
    in XAI are discussed.
article_number: '101419'
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Hendrik
  full_name: Buschmeier, Hendrik
  id: '76456'
  last_name: Buschmeier
  orcid: 0000-0002-9613-5713
- first_name: Heike M.
  full_name: Buhl, Heike M.
  id: '27152'
  last_name: Buhl
- first_name: Friederike
  full_name: Kern, Friederike
  last_name: Kern
- first_name: Angela
  full_name: Grimminger, Angela
  id: '57578'
  last_name: Grimminger
- first_name: Helen
  full_name: Beierling, Helen
  id: '50995'
  last_name: Beierling
- first_name: Josephine Beryl
  full_name: Fisher, Josephine Beryl
  id: '56345'
  last_name: Fisher
  orcid: 0000-0002-9997-9241
- first_name: André
  full_name: Groß, André
  id: '93405'
  last_name: Groß
  orcid: 0000-0002-9593-7220
- first_name: Ilona
  full_name: Horwath, Ilona
  id: '68836'
  last_name: Horwath
- first_name: Nils
  full_name: Klowait, Nils
  id: '98454'
  last_name: Klowait
  orcid: 0000-0002-7347-099X
- first_name: Stefan Teodorov
  full_name: Lazarov, Stefan Teodorov
  id: '90345'
  last_name: Lazarov
  orcid: 0009-0009-0892-9483
- first_name: Michael
  full_name: Lenke, Michael
  last_name: Lenke
- first_name: Vivien
  full_name: Lohmer, Vivien
  last_name: Lohmer
- first_name: Katharina
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina
  id: '50352'
  last_name: Rohlfing
  orcid: 0000-0002-5676-8233
- first_name: Ingrid
  full_name: Scharlau, Ingrid
  id: '451'
  last_name: Scharlau
  orcid: 0000-0003-2364-9489
- first_name: Amit
  full_name: Singh, Amit
  id: '91018'
  last_name: Singh
  orcid: 0000-0002-7789-1521
- first_name: Lutz
  full_name: Terfloth, Lutz
  id: '37320'
  last_name: Terfloth
- first_name: Anna-Lisa
  full_name: Vollmer, Anna-Lisa
  id: '86589'
  last_name: Vollmer
- first_name: Yu
  full_name: Wang, Yu
  last_name: Wang
- first_name: Annedore
  full_name: Wilmes, Annedore
  last_name: Wilmes
- first_name: Britta
  full_name: Wrede, Britta
  last_name: Wrede
citation:
  ama: Buschmeier H, Buhl HM, Kern F, et al. Forms of Understanding for XAI-Explanations.
    <i>Cognitive Systems Research</i>. 2025;94. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsys.2025.101419">10.1016/j.cogsys.2025.101419</a>
  apa: Buschmeier, H., Buhl, H. M., Kern, F., Grimminger, A., Beierling, H., Fisher,
    J. B., Groß, A., Horwath, I., Klowait, N., Lazarov, S. T., Lenke, M., Lohmer,
    V., Rohlfing, K., Scharlau, I., Singh, A., Terfloth, L., Vollmer, A.-L., Wang,
    Y., Wilmes, A., &#38; Wrede, B. (2025). Forms of Understanding for XAI-Explanations.
    <i>Cognitive Systems Research</i>, <i>94</i>, Article 101419. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsys.2025.101419">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsys.2025.101419</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Buschmeier_Buhl_Kern_Grimminger_Beierling_Fisher_Groß_Horwath_Klowait_Lazarov_et
    al._2025, title={Forms of Understanding for XAI-Explanations}, volume={94}, DOI={<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsys.2025.101419">10.1016/j.cogsys.2025.101419</a>},
    number={101419}, journal={Cognitive Systems Research}, author={Buschmeier, Hendrik
    and Buhl, Heike M. and Kern, Friederike and Grimminger, Angela and Beierling,
    Helen and Fisher, Josephine Beryl and Groß, André and Horwath, Ilona and Klowait,
    Nils and Lazarov, Stefan Teodorov and et al.}, year={2025} }'
  chicago: Buschmeier, Hendrik, Heike M. Buhl, Friederike Kern, Angela Grimminger,
    Helen Beierling, Josephine Beryl Fisher, André Groß, et al. “Forms of Understanding
    for XAI-Explanations.” <i>Cognitive Systems Research</i> 94 (2025). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsys.2025.101419">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsys.2025.101419</a>.
  ieee: 'H. Buschmeier <i>et al.</i>, “Forms of Understanding for XAI-Explanations,”
    <i>Cognitive Systems Research</i>, vol. 94, Art. no. 101419, 2025, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsys.2025.101419">10.1016/j.cogsys.2025.101419</a>.'
  mla: Buschmeier, Hendrik, et al. “Forms of Understanding for XAI-Explanations.”
    <i>Cognitive Systems Research</i>, vol. 94, 101419, 2025, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsys.2025.101419">10.1016/j.cogsys.2025.101419</a>.
  short: H. Buschmeier, H.M. Buhl, F. Kern, A. Grimminger, H. Beierling, J.B. Fisher,
    A. Groß, I. Horwath, N. Klowait, S.T. Lazarov, M. Lenke, V. Lohmer, K. Rohlfing,
    I. Scharlau, A. Singh, L. Terfloth, A.-L. Vollmer, Y. Wang, A. Wilmes, B. Wrede,
    Cognitive Systems Research 94 (2025).
date_created: 2025-09-08T14:24:32Z
date_updated: 2025-12-05T15:32:25Z
ddc:
- '006'
department:
- _id: '660'
doi: 10.1016/j.cogsys.2025.101419
file:
- access_level: closed
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: hbuschme
  date_created: 2025-12-01T21:02:20Z
  date_updated: 2025-12-01T21:02:20Z
  file_id: '62730'
  file_name: Buschmeier-etal-2025-COGSYS.pdf
  file_size: 10114981
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2025-12-01T21:02:20Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        94'
keyword:
- understanding
- explaining
- explanations
- explainable
- AI
- interdisciplinarity
- comprehension
- enabledness
- agency
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1389041725000993?via%3Dihub
oa: '1'
project:
- _id: '111'
  name: 'TRR 318; TP A01: Adaptives Erklären'
- _id: '112'
  name: 'TRR 318; TP A02: Verstehensprozess einer Erklärung beobachten und auswerten'
- _id: '113'
  name: TRR 318 - Subproject A3
- _id: '114'
  name: 'TRR 318; TP A04: Integration des technischen Modells in das Partnermodell
    bei der Erklärung von digitalen Artefakten'
- _id: '115'
  name: 'TRR 318; TP A05: Echtzeitmessung der Aufmerksamkeit im Mensch-Roboter-Erklärdialog'
- _id: '122'
  name: TRR 318 - Subproject B3
- _id: '123'
  name: TRR 318 - Subproject B5
- _id: '119'
  name: TRR 318 - Project Area Ö
publication: Cognitive Systems Research
publication_status: published
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Forms of Understanding for XAI-Explanations
type: journal_article
user_id: '57578'
volume: 94
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '56264'
author:
- first_name: Heike M.
  full_name: Buhl, Heike M.
  id: '27152'
  last_name: Buhl
- first_name: Josephine Beryl
  full_name: Fisher, Josephine Beryl
  id: '56345'
  last_name: Fisher
- first_name: Katharina
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina
  id: '50352'
  last_name: Rohlfing
  orcid: 0000-0002-5676-8233
citation:
  ama: Buhl HM, Fisher JB, Rohlfing K. Changes in partner models – Effects of adaptivity
    in the course of explanations. <i>Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive
    Science Society</i>. 2024;46.
  apa: Buhl, H. M., Fisher, J. B., &#38; Rohlfing, K. (2024). Changes in partner models
    – Effects of adaptivity in the course of explanations. <i>Proceedings of the Annual
    Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society</i>, <i>46</i>.
  bibtex: '@article{Buhl_Fisher_Rohlfing_2024, title={Changes in partner models –
    Effects of adaptivity in the course of explanations}, volume={46}, journal={Proceedings
    of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society}, author={Buhl, Heike M.
    and Fisher, Josephine Beryl and Rohlfing, Katharina}, year={2024} }'
  chicago: Buhl, Heike M., Josephine Beryl Fisher, and Katharina Rohlfing. “Changes
    in Partner Models – Effects of Adaptivity in the Course of Explanations.” <i>Proceedings
    of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society</i> 46 (2024).
  ieee: H. M. Buhl, J. B. Fisher, and K. Rohlfing, “Changes in partner models – Effects
    of adaptivity in the course of explanations,” <i>Proceedings of the Annual Meeting
    of the Cognitive Science Society</i>, vol. 46, 2024.
  mla: Buhl, Heike M., et al. “Changes in Partner Models – Effects of Adaptivity in
    the Course of Explanations.” <i>Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive
    Science Society</i>, vol. 46, 2024.
  short: H.M. Buhl, J.B. Fisher, K. Rohlfing, Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of
    the Cognitive Science Society 46 (2024).
date_created: 2024-09-26T18:14:20Z
date_updated: 2025-01-15T13:32:44Z
department:
- _id: '427'
- _id: '749'
- _id: '660'
intvolume: '        46'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5bb7p5pt
oa: '1'
project:
- _id: '111'
  grant_number: '438445824'
  name: 'TRR 318 - A01: TRR 318 - Adaptives Erklären (Teilprojekt A01)'
publication: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society
publication_status: published
related_material:
  link:
  - relation: original
    url: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5bb7p5pt
status: public
title: Changes in partner models – Effects of adaptivity in the course of explanations
type: journal_article
user_id: '55908'
volume: 46
year: '2024'
...
---
_id: '58708'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Research about explanation processes is gaining relevance because of the increased
    popularity of artificial systems required to explain their function or outcome.
    Following an interactive approach, not only explainers, but also explainees contribute
    to successful interactions. However, little is known about how explainees actively
    guide explanation processes and how their involvement relates to learning. We
    explored the occurrence and type of explainees’ questions in 20 adult — adult
    explanation dialogues about unknown present and absent objects. Crucially, we
    related the question types to the explainees’ subsequent recall of the unknown
    object labels. We found that explainees asked different types of questions, especially
    about the object’s label and facts. Questions about the object’s function were
    asked more when objects were present. In addition, requests for labelling were
    linked to better recall. The results contribute to designing explainable AI that
    aims to provide relevant and adaptive explanations and to further experimental
    approaches to study explanations.
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Josephine Beryl
  full_name: Fisher, Josephine Beryl
  id: '56345'
  last_name: Fisher
  orcid: 0000-0002-9997-9241
- first_name: Katharina J.
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina J.
  id: '50352'
  last_name: Rohlfing
  orcid: 0000-0002-5676-8233
- first_name: Ed
  full_name: Donnellan, Ed
  last_name: Donnellan
- first_name: Angela
  full_name: Grimminger, Angela
  id: '57578'
  last_name: Grimminger
- first_name: Yan
  full_name: Gu, Yan
  last_name: Gu
- first_name: Gabriella
  full_name: Vigliocco, Gabriella
  last_name: Vigliocco
citation:
  ama: 'Fisher JB, Rohlfing KJ, Donnellan E, Grimminger A, Gu Y, Vigliocco G.  Explain
    with, rather than explain to: How explainees shape their own learning. <i>Interaction
    Studies</i>. 2024;25(2):244-255. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/doi.org/10.1075/is.23019.fis">doi.org/10.1075/is.23019.fis</a>'
  apa: 'Fisher, J. B., Rohlfing, K. J., Donnellan, E., Grimminger, A., Gu, Y., &#38;
    Vigliocco, G. (2024).  Explain with, rather than explain to: How explainees shape
    their own learning. <i>Interaction Studies</i>, <i>25</i>(2), 244–255. <a href="https://doi.org/doi.org/10.1075/is.23019.fis">https://doi.org/doi.org/10.1075/is.23019.fis</a>'
  bibtex: '@article{Fisher_Rohlfing_Donnellan_Grimminger_Gu_Vigliocco_2024, title={
    Explain with, rather than explain to: How explainees shape their own learning},
    volume={25}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/doi.org/10.1075/is.23019.fis">doi.org/10.1075/is.23019.fis</a>},
    number={2}, journal={Interaction Studies}, publisher={John Benjamins}, author={Fisher,
    Josephine Beryl and Rohlfing, Katharina J. and Donnellan, Ed and Grimminger, Angela
    and Gu, Yan and Vigliocco, Gabriella}, year={2024}, pages={244–255} }'
  chicago: 'Fisher, Josephine Beryl, Katharina J. Rohlfing, Ed Donnellan, Angela Grimminger,
    Yan Gu, and Gabriella Vigliocco. “ Explain with, Rather than Explain to: How Explainees
    Shape Their Own Learning.” <i>Interaction Studies</i> 25, no. 2 (2024): 244–55.
    <a href="https://doi.org/doi.org/10.1075/is.23019.fis">https://doi.org/doi.org/10.1075/is.23019.fis</a>.'
  ieee: 'J. B. Fisher, K. J. Rohlfing, E. Donnellan, A. Grimminger, Y. Gu, and G.
    Vigliocco, “ Explain with, rather than explain to: How explainees shape their
    own learning,” <i>Interaction Studies</i>, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 244–255, 2024,
    doi: <a href="https://doi.org/doi.org/10.1075/is.23019.fis">doi.org/10.1075/is.23019.fis</a>.'
  mla: 'Fisher, Josephine Beryl, et al. “ Explain with, Rather than Explain to: How
    Explainees Shape Their Own Learning.” <i>Interaction Studies</i>, vol. 25, no.
    2, John Benjamins, 2024, pp. 244–55, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/doi.org/10.1075/is.23019.fis">doi.org/10.1075/is.23019.fis</a>.'
  short: J.B. Fisher, K.J. Rohlfing, E. Donnellan, A. Grimminger, Y. Gu, G. Vigliocco,
    Interaction Studies 25 (2024) 244–255.
date_created: 2025-02-19T09:09:03Z
date_updated: 2025-09-02T14:17:44Z
department:
- _id: '749'
doi: doi.org/10.1075/is.23019.fis
intvolume: '        25'
issue: '2'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://www.jbe-platform.com/content/journals/10.1075/is.23019.fis
page: 244-255
project:
- _id: '111'
  name: 'TRR 318 - A01: TRR 318 - Adaptives Erklären (Teilprojekt A01)'
- _id: '112'
  name: 'TRR 318 - A02: TRR 318 - Verstehensprozess einer Erklärung beobachten und
    auswerten (Teilprojekt A02)'
- _id: '109'
  name: 'TRR 318: TRR 318 - Erklärbarkeit konstruieren'
publication: Interaction Studies
publication_identifier:
  unknown:
  - ' 1572-0373'
publication_status: published
publisher: John Benjamins
status: public
title: ' Explain with, rather than explain to: How explainees shape their own learning'
type: journal_article
user_id: '57578'
volume: 25
year: '2024'
...
---
_id: '55156'
author:
- first_name: Josephine Beryl
  full_name: Fisher, Josephine Beryl
  id: '56345'
  last_name: Fisher
- first_name: Amelie
  full_name: Robrecht, Amelie
  id: '91982'
  last_name: Robrecht
  orcid: 0000-0001-5622-8248
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Kopp, Stefan
  last_name: Kopp
- first_name: Katharina J.
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina J.
  id: '50352'
  last_name: Rohlfing
  orcid: 0000-0002-5676-8233
citation:
  ama: 'Fisher JB, Robrecht A, Kopp S, Rohlfing KJ. Exploring the Semantic Dialogue
    Patterns of Explanations – a Case Study of Game Explanations. In: <i>Proceedings
    of the 27th Workshop on the Semantics and Pragmatics of Dialogue </i>. ; 2023.'
  apa: Fisher, J. B., Robrecht, A., Kopp, S., &#38; Rohlfing, K. J. (2023). Exploring
    the Semantic Dialogue Patterns of Explanations – a Case Study of Game Explanations.
    <i>Proceedings of the 27th Workshop on the Semantics and Pragmatics of Dialogue
    </i>. Semdial, Maribor.
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Fisher_Robrecht_Kopp_Rohlfing_2023, title={Exploring the
    Semantic Dialogue Patterns of Explanations – a Case Study of Game Explanations},
    booktitle={Proceedings of the 27th Workshop on the Semantics and Pragmatics of
    Dialogue }, author={Fisher, Josephine Beryl and Robrecht, Amelie and Kopp, Stefan
    and Rohlfing, Katharina J.}, year={2023} }'
  chicago: Fisher, Josephine Beryl, Amelie Robrecht, Stefan Kopp, and Katharina J.
    Rohlfing. “Exploring the Semantic Dialogue Patterns of Explanations – a Case Study
    of Game Explanations.” In <i>Proceedings of the 27th Workshop on the Semantics
    and Pragmatics of Dialogue </i>, 2023.
  ieee: J. B. Fisher, A. Robrecht, S. Kopp, and K. J. Rohlfing, “Exploring the Semantic
    Dialogue Patterns of Explanations – a Case Study of Game Explanations,” presented
    at the Semdial, Maribor, 2023.
  mla: Fisher, Josephine Beryl, et al. “Exploring the Semantic Dialogue Patterns of
    Explanations – a Case Study of Game Explanations.” <i>Proceedings of the 27th
    Workshop on the Semantics and Pragmatics of Dialogue </i>, 2023.
  short: 'J.B. Fisher, A. Robrecht, S. Kopp, K.J. Rohlfing, in: Proceedings of the
    27th Workshop on the Semantics and Pragmatics of Dialogue , 2023.'
conference:
  location: Maribor
  name: Semdial
date_created: 2024-07-10T11:07:51Z
date_updated: 2025-01-15T13:57:35Z
department:
- _id: '660'
language:
- iso: eng
project:
- _id: '111'
  grant_number: '438445824'
  name: 'TRR 318 - A01: TRR 318 - Adaptives Erklären (Teilprojekt A01)'
publication: 'Proceedings of the 27th Workshop on the Semantics and Pragmatics of
  Dialogue '
status: public
title: Exploring the Semantic Dialogue Patterns of Explanations – a Case Study of
  Game Explanations
type: conference
user_id: '55908'
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '51349'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: '<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Recent approaches to Explainable
    AI (XAI) promise to satisfy diverse user expectations by allowing them to steer
    the interaction in order to elicit content relevant to them. However, little is
    known about how and to what extent the explainee takes part actively in the process
    of explaining. To tackle this empirical gap, we exploratively examined naturally
    occurring everyday explanations in doctor–patient interactions (<jats:italic>N</jats:italic> = 11).
    Following the social design of XAI, we view explanations as emerging in interactions:
    first, we identified the verbal behavior of both the explainer and the explainee
    in the sequential context, which we could assign to phases that were either monological
    or dialogical; second, we investigated in particular who was responsible for the
    initiation of the different phases. Finally, we took a closer look at the global
    conversational structure of explanations by applying a context-sensitive model
    of organizational jobs, thus adding a third layer of analysis. Results show that
    in our small sample of conversational explanations, both monological and dialogical
    phases varied in their length, timing of occurrence (at the early or later stages
    of the interaction) and their initiation (by the explainer or the explainee).
    They alternated several times in the course of the interaction. However, we also
    found some patterns suggesting that all interactions started with a monological
    phase initiated by the explainer. Both conversational partners contributed to
    the core organizational job that constitutes an explanation. We interpret the
    results as an indication for naturally occurring everyday explanations in doctor–patient
    interactions to be co-constructed on three levels of linguistic description: (1)
    by switching back and forth between monological to dialogical phases that (2) can
    be initiated by both partners and (3) by the mutual accomplishment and thus responsibility
    for an explanation’s core job that is crucial for the success of the explanation.
    Because of the explorative nature of our study, these results need to be investigated
    (a) with a larger sample and (b) in other contexts. However, our results suggest
    that future designs of artificial explainable systems should design the explanatory
    dialogue in such a way that it includes monological and dialogical phases that
    can be initiated not only by the explainer but also by the explainee, as both
    contribute to the core job of explicating procedural, clausal, or conceptual relations
    in explanations.</jats:p>'
author:
- first_name: Josephine Beryl
  full_name: Fisher, Josephine Beryl
  id: '56345'
  last_name: Fisher
  orcid: 0000-0002-9997-9241
- first_name: Vivien
  full_name: Lohmer, Vivien
  last_name: Lohmer
- first_name: Friederike
  full_name: Kern, Friederike
  last_name: Kern
- first_name: Winfried
  full_name: Barthlen, Winfried
  last_name: Barthlen
- first_name: Sebastian
  full_name: Gaus, Sebastian
  last_name: Gaus
- first_name: Katharina
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina
  id: '50352'
  last_name: Rohlfing
  orcid: 0000-0002-5676-8233
citation:
  ama: Fisher JB, Lohmer V, Kern F, Barthlen W, Gaus S, Rohlfing K. Exploring monological
    and dialogical phases in naturally occurring explanations. <i>KI - Künstliche
    Intelligenz</i>. 2022;36(3-4):317-326. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s13218-022-00787-1">10.1007/s13218-022-00787-1</a>
  apa: Fisher, J. B., Lohmer, V., Kern, F., Barthlen, W., Gaus, S., &#38; Rohlfing,
    K. (2022). Exploring monological and dialogical phases in naturally occurring
    explanations. <i>KI - Künstliche Intelligenz</i>, <i>36</i>(3–4), 317–326. <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s13218-022-00787-1">https://doi.org/10.1007/s13218-022-00787-1</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Fisher_Lohmer_Kern_Barthlen_Gaus_Rohlfing_2022, title={Exploring
    monological and dialogical phases in naturally occurring explanations}, volume={36},
    DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s13218-022-00787-1">10.1007/s13218-022-00787-1</a>},
    number={3–4}, journal={KI - Künstliche Intelligenz}, publisher={Springer Science
    and Business Media LLC}, author={Fisher, Josephine Beryl and Lohmer, Vivien and
    Kern, Friederike and Barthlen, Winfried and Gaus, Sebastian and Rohlfing, Katharina},
    year={2022}, pages={317–326} }'
  chicago: 'Fisher, Josephine Beryl, Vivien Lohmer, Friederike Kern, Winfried Barthlen,
    Sebastian Gaus, and Katharina Rohlfing. “Exploring Monological and Dialogical
    Phases in Naturally Occurring Explanations.” <i>KI - Künstliche Intelligenz</i>
    36, no. 3–4 (2022): 317–26. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s13218-022-00787-1">https://doi.org/10.1007/s13218-022-00787-1</a>.'
  ieee: 'J. B. Fisher, V. Lohmer, F. Kern, W. Barthlen, S. Gaus, and K. Rohlfing,
    “Exploring monological and dialogical phases in naturally occurring explanations,”
    <i>KI - Künstliche Intelligenz</i>, vol. 36, no. 3–4, pp. 317–326, 2022, doi:
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s13218-022-00787-1">10.1007/s13218-022-00787-1</a>.'
  mla: Fisher, Josephine Beryl, et al. “Exploring Monological and Dialogical Phases
    in Naturally Occurring Explanations.” <i>KI - Künstliche Intelligenz</i>, vol.
    36, no. 3–4, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2022, pp. 317–26, doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s13218-022-00787-1">10.1007/s13218-022-00787-1</a>.
  short: J.B. Fisher, V. Lohmer, F. Kern, W. Barthlen, S. Gaus, K. Rohlfing, KI -
    Künstliche Intelligenz 36 (2022) 317–326.
date_created: 2024-02-14T09:44:23Z
date_updated: 2025-09-17T11:11:12Z
department:
- _id: '660'
doi: 10.1007/s13218-022-00787-1
intvolume: '        36'
issue: 3-4
keyword:
- Artificial Intelligence
language:
- iso: eng
page: 317-326
project:
- _id: '111'
  name: 'TRR 318 - A01: TRR 318 - Adaptives Erklären (Teilprojekt A01)'
- _id: '115'
  name: 'TRR 318 - A05: TRR 318 - Echtzeitmessung der Aufmerksamkeit im Mensch-Roboter-Erklärdialog
    (Teilprojekt A05)'
- _id: '114'
  name: 'TRR 318 - A04: TRR 318 - Integration des technischen Modells in das Partnermodell
    bei der Erklärung von digitalen Artefakten (Teilprojekt A04)'
publication: KI - Künstliche Intelligenz
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0933-1875
  - 1610-1987
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
status: public
title: Exploring monological and dialogical phases in naturally occurring explanations
type: journal_article
user_id: '57578'
volume: 36
year: '2022'
...