[{"date_updated":"2026-09-02T12:06:14Z","publication_status":"published","intvolume":"       139","title":"Photorefraction management in lithium niobate waveguides: High-temperature vs cryogenic solutions","year":"2026","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0021-8979","1089-7550"]},"author":[{"id":"56843","full_name":"Lange, Nina Amelie","last_name":"Lange","first_name":"Nina Amelie","orcid":"0000-0001-6624-7098"},{"first_name":"René","last_name":"Pollmann","full_name":"Pollmann, René","id":"78890"},{"full_name":"Rüsing, Michael","orcid":"0000-0003-4682-4577","last_name":"Rüsing","first_name":"Michael","id":"22501"},{"full_name":"Stefszky, Michael","first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Stefszky","id":"42777"},{"full_name":"Protte, Maximilian","first_name":"Maximilian","last_name":"Protte","id":"46170"},{"full_name":"Ricken, Raimund","last_name":"Ricken","first_name":"Raimund"},{"last_name":"Padberg","first_name":"Laura","full_name":"Padberg, Laura","id":"40300"},{"last_name":"Eigner","first_name":"Christof","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5693-3083","full_name":"Eigner, Christof","id":"13244"},{"first_name":"Tim","last_name":"Bartley","full_name":"Bartley, Tim"},{"id":"26263","full_name":"Silberhorn, Christine","last_name":"Silberhorn","first_name":"Christine"}],"doi":"10.1063/5.0324002","article_number":"133105","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"abstract":[{"text":"<jats:p>Lithium niobate sees widespread use in nonlinear and quantum optical devices, such as for sum- and difference-frequency generation or spontaneous parametric downconversion. In lithium niobate waveguides, nonlinear optical processes are often limited by the so-called photorefractive effect, which limits the maximum input or output powers and impacts the nonlinear spectral response. Therefore, strategies for the management of photorefractive damage are a key consideration in device design. Usually, the photorefractive damage threshold, i.e., the maximal permissible operating power, can be increased by high-temperature operation of devices. This approach, however, is not applicable in cryogenic environments, which may be required for specialized applications. To better understand the impact of photorefraction in nonlinear optical applications, we study the impact of photorefraction on the phase-matching spectra of two nonlinear-optical sum-frequency generation experiments at (1) high temperatures and (2) cryogenic temperatures. Furthermore, we present an approach to reduce the impact of photorefraction, which is compatible with cryogenic operation. This comprises an auxiliary light source, propagating in the same waveguide, which is used to restore phase-matching spectra impacted by photorefraction, as well as reduce pyroelectric effects. Our work provides an alternative route to photorefraction management applicable to cryogenic environments, as well as in situations with tight energy budgets, such as space applications.</jats:p>","lang":"eng"}],"publication":"Journal of Applied Physics","issue":"13","type":"journal_article","date_created":"2026-04-07T08:41:07Z","status":"public","user_id":"22501","volume":139,"_id":"65359","publisher":"AIP Publishing","citation":{"ieee":"N. A. Lange <i>et al.</i>, “Photorefraction management in lithium niobate waveguides: High-temperature vs cryogenic solutions,” <i>Journal of Applied Physics</i>, vol. 139, no. 13, Art. no. 133105, 2026, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0324002\">10.1063/5.0324002</a>.","apa":"Lange, N. A., Pollmann, R., Rüsing, M., Stefszky, M., Protte, M., Ricken, R., Padberg, L., Eigner, C., Bartley, T., &#38; Silberhorn, C. (2026). Photorefraction management in lithium niobate waveguides: High-temperature vs cryogenic solutions. <i>Journal of Applied Physics</i>, <i>139</i>(13), Article 133105. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0324002\">https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0324002</a>","chicago":"Lange, Nina Amelie, René Pollmann, Michael Rüsing, Michael Stefszky, Maximilian Protte, Raimund Ricken, Laura Padberg, Christof Eigner, Tim Bartley, and Christine Silberhorn. “Photorefraction Management in Lithium Niobate Waveguides: High-Temperature vs Cryogenic Solutions.” <i>Journal of Applied Physics</i> 139, no. 13 (2026). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0324002\">https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0324002</a>.","short":"N.A. Lange, R. Pollmann, M. Rüsing, M. Stefszky, M. Protte, R. Ricken, L. Padberg, C. Eigner, T. Bartley, C. Silberhorn, Journal of Applied Physics 139 (2026).","mla":"Lange, Nina Amelie, et al. “Photorefraction Management in Lithium Niobate Waveguides: High-Temperature vs Cryogenic Solutions.” <i>Journal of Applied Physics</i>, vol. 139, no. 13, 133105, AIP Publishing, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0324002\">10.1063/5.0324002</a>.","bibtex":"@article{Lange_Pollmann_Rüsing_Stefszky_Protte_Ricken_Padberg_Eigner_Bartley_Silberhorn_2026, title={Photorefraction management in lithium niobate waveguides: High-temperature vs cryogenic solutions}, volume={139}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0324002\">10.1063/5.0324002</a>}, number={13133105}, journal={Journal of Applied Physics}, publisher={AIP Publishing}, author={Lange, Nina Amelie and Pollmann, René and Rüsing, Michael and Stefszky, Michael and Protte, Maximilian and Ricken, Raimund and Padberg, Laura and Eigner, Christof and Bartley, Tim and Silberhorn, Christine}, year={2026} }","ama":"Lange NA, Pollmann R, Rüsing M, et al. Photorefraction management in lithium niobate waveguides: High-temperature vs cryogenic solutions. <i>Journal of Applied Physics</i>. 2026;139(13). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0324002\">10.1063/5.0324002</a>"}},{"type":"journal_article","department":[{"_id":"15"},{"_id":"623"},{"_id":"288"}],"date_created":"2025-11-20T10:35:35Z","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The titanium in-diffused lithium niobate waveguide platform is well-established for reliable prototyping and packaging of many quantum photonic components at room temperature. Nevertheless, compatibility with certain quantum light sources and superconducting detectors requires operation under cryogenic conditions. We characterize alterations in phase-matching and mode guiding of a non-degenerate spontaneous parametric down-conversion process emitting around 1556 nm and 950 nm, under cryogenic conditions. Despite the effects of pyroelectricity and photorefraction, the spectral properties match our theoretical model. Nevertheless, these effects cause small but significant variations within and between cooling cycles. These measurements provide a first benchmark against which other nonlinear photonic integration platforms, such as thin-film lithium niobate, can be compared."}],"issue":"24","publication":"Optics Express","doi":"10.1364/oe.578108","article_number":"50451","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2025-12-12T12:13:45Z","article_type":"original","intvolume":"        33","year":"2025","title":"Widely non-degenerate nonlinear frequency conversion in cryogenic titanium in-diffused lithium niobate waveguides","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1094-4087"]},"author":[{"last_name":"Lange","orcid":"0000-0001-6624-7098","first_name":"Nina Amelie","full_name":"Lange, Nina Amelie","id":"56843"},{"id":"44373","full_name":"Lengeling, Sebastian","last_name":"Lengeling","first_name":"Sebastian"},{"id":"49772","full_name":"Mues, Philipp","last_name":"Mues","first_name":"Philipp","orcid":"0000-0003-0643-7636"},{"last_name":"Quiring","first_name":"Viktor","full_name":"Quiring, Viktor"},{"full_name":"Ridder, Werner","last_name":"Ridder","first_name":"Werner","id":"63574"},{"full_name":"Eigner, Christof","first_name":"Christof","last_name":"Eigner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5693-3083","id":"13244"},{"full_name":"Herrmann, Harald","last_name":"Herrmann","first_name":"Harald","id":"216"},{"id":"26263","full_name":"Silberhorn, Christine","last_name":"Silberhorn","first_name":"Christine"},{"last_name":"Bartley","first_name":"Tim","full_name":"Bartley, Tim","id":"49683"}],"oa":"1","project":[{"_id":"171","name":"TRR 142; TP C07: Hohlraum-verstärkte Parametrische Fluoreszenz mit zeitlicher Filterung unter Verwendung integrierter supraleitender Detektoren"}],"citation":{"mla":"Lange, Nina Amelie, et al. “Widely Non-Degenerate Nonlinear Frequency Conversion in Cryogenic Titanium in-Diffused Lithium Niobate Waveguides.” <i>Optics Express</i>, vol. 33, no. 24, 50451, Optica Publishing Group, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.578108\">10.1364/oe.578108</a>.","bibtex":"@article{Lange_Lengeling_Mues_Quiring_Ridder_Eigner_Herrmann_Silberhorn_Bartley_2025, title={Widely non-degenerate nonlinear frequency conversion in cryogenic titanium in-diffused lithium niobate waveguides}, volume={33}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.578108\">10.1364/oe.578108</a>}, number={2450451}, journal={Optics Express}, publisher={Optica Publishing Group}, author={Lange, Nina Amelie and Lengeling, Sebastian and Mues, Philipp and Quiring, Viktor and Ridder, Werner and Eigner, Christof and Herrmann, Harald and Silberhorn, Christine and Bartley, Tim}, year={2025} }","ama":"Lange NA, Lengeling S, Mues P, et al. Widely non-degenerate nonlinear frequency conversion in cryogenic titanium in-diffused lithium niobate waveguides. <i>Optics Express</i>. 2025;33(24). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.578108\">10.1364/oe.578108</a>","ieee":"N. A. Lange <i>et al.</i>, “Widely non-degenerate nonlinear frequency conversion in cryogenic titanium in-diffused lithium niobate waveguides,” <i>Optics Express</i>, vol. 33, no. 24, Art. no. 50451, 2025, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.578108\">10.1364/oe.578108</a>.","apa":"Lange, N. A., Lengeling, S., Mues, P., Quiring, V., Ridder, W., Eigner, C., Herrmann, H., Silberhorn, C., &#38; Bartley, T. (2025). Widely non-degenerate nonlinear frequency conversion in cryogenic titanium in-diffused lithium niobate waveguides. <i>Optics Express</i>, <i>33</i>(24), Article 50451. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.578108\">https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.578108</a>","chicago":"Lange, Nina Amelie, Sebastian Lengeling, Philipp Mues, Viktor Quiring, Werner Ridder, Christof Eigner, Harald Herrmann, Christine Silberhorn, and Tim Bartley. “Widely Non-Degenerate Nonlinear Frequency Conversion in Cryogenic Titanium in-Diffused Lithium Niobate Waveguides.” <i>Optics Express</i> 33, no. 24 (2025). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.578108\">https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.578108</a>.","short":"N.A. Lange, S. Lengeling, P. Mues, V. Quiring, W. Ridder, C. Eigner, H. Herrmann, C. Silberhorn, T. Bartley, Optics Express 33 (2025)."},"user_id":"49683","volume":33,"_id":"62269","publisher":"Optica Publishing Group","status":"public"},{"citation":{"mla":"Brockmeier, Julian, et al. “Harnessing Temporal Dispersion for Integrated Pump Filtering in Spontaneous Heralded Single-Photon Generation Processes.” <i>New Journal of Physics</i>, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ade46c\">10.1088/1367-2630/ade46c</a>.","ama":"Brockmeier J, Schapeler T, Lange NA, et al. Harnessing temporal dispersion for integrated pump filtering in spontaneous heralded single-photon generation processes. <i>New Journal of Physics</i>. Published online 2025. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ade46c\">10.1088/1367-2630/ade46c</a>","bibtex":"@article{Brockmeier_Schapeler_Lange_Höpker_Herrmann_Silberhorn_Bartley_2025, title={Harnessing temporal dispersion for integrated pump filtering in spontaneous heralded single-photon generation processes}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ade46c\">10.1088/1367-2630/ade46c</a>}, journal={New Journal of Physics}, author={Brockmeier, Julian and Schapeler, Timon and Lange, Nina Amelie and Höpker, Jan Philipp and Herrmann, Harald and Silberhorn, Christine and Bartley, Tim}, year={2025} }","apa":"Brockmeier, J., Schapeler, T., Lange, N. A., Höpker, J. P., Herrmann, H., Silberhorn, C., &#38; Bartley, T. (2025). Harnessing temporal dispersion for integrated pump filtering in spontaneous heralded single-photon generation processes. <i>New Journal of Physics</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ade46c\">https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ade46c</a>","ieee":"J. Brockmeier <i>et al.</i>, “Harnessing temporal dispersion for integrated pump filtering in spontaneous heralded single-photon generation processes,” <i>New Journal of Physics</i>, 2025, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ade46c\">10.1088/1367-2630/ade46c</a>.","short":"J. Brockmeier, T. Schapeler, N.A. Lange, J.P. Höpker, H. Herrmann, C. Silberhorn, T. Bartley, New Journal of Physics (2025).","chicago":"Brockmeier, Julian, Timon Schapeler, Nina Amelie Lange, Jan Philipp Höpker, Harald Herrmann, Christine Silberhorn, and Tim Bartley. “Harnessing Temporal Dispersion for Integrated Pump Filtering in Spontaneous Heralded Single-Photon Generation Processes.” <i>New Journal of Physics</i>, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ade46c\">https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ade46c</a>."},"publication":"New Journal of Physics","project":[{"_id":"171","name":"TRR 142; TP C07: Hohlraum-verstärkte Parametrische Fluoreszenz mit zeitlicher Filterung unter Verwendung integrierter supraleitender Detektoren"}],"date_created":"2025-06-30T08:58:37Z","department":[{"_id":"15"},{"_id":"623"}],"oa":"1","type":"journal_article","author":[{"last_name":"Brockmeier","first_name":"Julian","full_name":"Brockmeier, Julian","id":"44807"},{"full_name":"Schapeler, Timon","first_name":"Timon","orcid":"0000-0001-7652-1716","last_name":"Schapeler","id":"55629"},{"id":"56843","full_name":"Lange, Nina Amelie","orcid":"0000-0001-6624-7098","last_name":"Lange","first_name":"Nina Amelie"},{"full_name":"Höpker, Jan Philipp","last_name":"Höpker","first_name":"Jan Philipp","id":"33913"},{"first_name":"Harald","last_name":"Herrmann","full_name":"Herrmann, Harald","id":"216"},{"full_name":"Silberhorn, Christine","first_name":"Christine","last_name":"Silberhorn","id":"26263"},{"full_name":"Bartley, Tim","last_name":"Bartley","first_name":"Tim","id":"49683"}],"status":"public","year":"2025","title":"Harnessing temporal dispersion for integrated pump filtering in spontaneous heralded single-photon generation processes","date_updated":"2025-12-15T09:21:29Z","_id":"60466","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1"}],"user_id":"56843","doi":"10.1088/1367-2630/ade46c"},{"citation":{"ieee":"F. Thiele <i>et al.</i>, “Cryogenic feedforward of a photonic quantum state,” <i>Optica</i>, vol. 12, no. 5, Art. no. 720, 2025, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1364/optica.551287\">10.1364/optica.551287</a>.","apa":"Thiele, F., Lamberty, N., Hummel, T., Lange, N. A., Procopio Peña, L. M., Barua, A., Lengeling, S., Quiring, V., Eigner, C., Silberhorn, C., &#38; Bartley, T. (2025). Cryogenic feedforward of a photonic quantum state. <i>Optica</i>, <i>12</i>(5), Article 720. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1364/optica.551287\">https://doi.org/10.1364/optica.551287</a>","short":"F. Thiele, N. Lamberty, T. Hummel, N.A. Lange, L.M. Procopio Peña, A. Barua, S. Lengeling, V. Quiring, C. Eigner, C. Silberhorn, T. Bartley, Optica 12 (2025).","chicago":"Thiele, Frederik, Niklas Lamberty, Thomas Hummel, Nina Amelie Lange, Lorenzo Manuel Procopio Peña, Aishi Barua, Sebastian Lengeling, et al. “Cryogenic Feedforward of a Photonic Quantum State.” <i>Optica</i> 12, no. 5 (2025). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1364/optica.551287\">https://doi.org/10.1364/optica.551287</a>.","mla":"Thiele, Frederik, et al. “Cryogenic Feedforward of a Photonic Quantum State.” <i>Optica</i>, vol. 12, no. 5, 720, Optica Publishing Group, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1364/optica.551287\">10.1364/optica.551287</a>.","bibtex":"@article{Thiele_Lamberty_Hummel_Lange_Procopio Peña_Barua_Lengeling_Quiring_Eigner_Silberhorn_et al._2025, title={Cryogenic feedforward of a photonic quantum state}, volume={12}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1364/optica.551287\">10.1364/optica.551287</a>}, number={5720}, journal={Optica}, publisher={Optica Publishing Group}, author={Thiele, Frederik and Lamberty, Niklas and Hummel, Thomas and Lange, Nina Amelie and Procopio Peña, Lorenzo Manuel and Barua, Aishi and Lengeling, Sebastian and Quiring, Viktor and Eigner, Christof and Silberhorn, Christine and et al.}, year={2025} }","ama":"Thiele F, Lamberty N, Hummel T, et al. Cryogenic feedforward of a photonic quantum state. <i>Optica</i>. 2025;12(5). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1364/optica.551287\">10.1364/optica.551287</a>"},"publisher":"Optica Publishing Group","_id":"60136","volume":12,"user_id":"56843","status":"public","date_created":"2025-06-04T18:34:16Z","type":"journal_article","issue":"5","publication":"Optica","abstract":[{"text":"<jats:p>Modulation conditioned on measurements on entangled photonic quantum states is a cornerstone technology of optical quantum information processing. Performing this task with low latency requires combining single-photon-level detectors with both electronic logic processing and optical modulation in close proximity. Here, we demonstrate low-latency feedforward using a quasi-photon-number-resolved measurement on a quantum light source. Specifically, we use a multipixel superconducting nanowire single-photon detector, amplifier, logic, and an integrated electro-optic modulator <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in situ</jats:italic> below 4 K. We modulate the signal mode of a spontaneous parametric down-conversion source, conditional on a photon-number measurement of the idler mode, with a total latency of (23±3)ns. Furthermore, we investigate the resulting change in the photon statistics. This represents an important benchmark for the fastest quantum photonic feedforward experiments comprising measurement, amplification, logic, and modulation. This has direct applications in quantum computing, communication, and simulation protocols.</jats:p>","lang":"eng"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"article_number":"720","doi":"10.1364/optica.551287","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2334-2536"]},"author":[{"full_name":"Thiele, Frederik","orcid":"0000-0003-0663-5587","last_name":"Thiele","first_name":"Frederik","id":"50819"},{"id":"75307","full_name":"Lamberty, Niklas","last_name":"Lamberty","first_name":"Niklas"},{"id":"83846","full_name":"Hummel, Thomas","last_name":"Hummel","orcid":"0000-0001-8627-2119","first_name":"Thomas"},{"id":"56843","last_name":"Lange","first_name":"Nina Amelie","orcid":"0000-0001-6624-7098","full_name":"Lange, Nina Amelie"},{"full_name":"Procopio Peña, Lorenzo Manuel","last_name":"Procopio Peña","first_name":"Lorenzo Manuel","id":"105816"},{"full_name":"Barua, Aishi","last_name":"Barua","first_name":"Aishi","id":"104502"},{"first_name":"Sebastian","last_name":"Lengeling","full_name":"Lengeling, Sebastian","id":"44373"},{"first_name":"Viktor","last_name":"Quiring","full_name":"Quiring, Viktor"},{"last_name":"Eigner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5693-3083","first_name":"Christof","full_name":"Eigner, Christof","id":"13244"},{"last_name":"Silberhorn","first_name":"Christine","full_name":"Silberhorn, Christine","id":"26263"},{"full_name":"Bartley, Tim","last_name":"Bartley","first_name":"Tim","id":"49683"}],"title":"Cryogenic feedforward of a photonic quantum state","year":"2025","intvolume":"        12","date_updated":"2025-06-12T09:56:47Z","publication_status":"published"},{"abstract":[{"text":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\r\n               <jats:p>Lithium niobate has emerged as a promising platform for integrated quantum optics, enabling efficient generation, manipulation, and detection of quantum states of light. However, integrating single-photon detectors requires cryogenic operating temperatures, since the best performing detectors are based on narrow superconducting wires. While previous studies have demonstrated the operation of quantum light sources and electro-optic modulators in LiNbO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> at cryogenic temperatures, the thermal transition between room temperature and cryogenic conditions introduces additional effects that can significantly influence device performance. In this paper, we investigate the generation of pyroelectric charges and their impact on the optical properties of lithium niobate waveguides when changing from room temperature to 25 K, and vice versa. We measure the generated pyroelectric charge flow and correlate this with fast changes in the birefringence acquired through the Sénarmont-method. Both electrical and optical influence of the pyroelectric effect occur predominantly at temperatures above 100 K.</jats:p>","lang":"eng"}],"publication":"Materials for Quantum Technology","issue":"1","type":"journal_article","keyword":["General Earth and Planetary Sciences","General Environmental Science"],"date_created":"2024-02-16T07:56:44Z","intvolume":"         4","publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2025-12-15T09:23:02Z","author":[{"full_name":"Thiele, Frederik","last_name":"Thiele","first_name":"Frederik","orcid":"0000-0003-0663-5587","id":"50819"},{"id":"83846","orcid":"0000-0001-8627-2119","first_name":"Thomas","last_name":"Hummel","full_name":"Hummel, Thomas"},{"first_name":"Nina Amelie","last_name":"Lange","orcid":"0000-0001-6624-7098","full_name":"Lange, Nina Amelie","id":"56843"},{"full_name":"Dreher, Felix","first_name":"Felix","last_name":"Dreher"},{"last_name":"Protte","first_name":"Maximilian","full_name":"Protte, Maximilian"},{"last_name":"Bruch","first_name":"Felix vom","full_name":"Bruch, Felix vom"},{"id":"44373","full_name":"Lengeling, Sebastian","first_name":"Sebastian","last_name":"Lengeling"},{"id":"216","first_name":"Harald","last_name":"Herrmann","full_name":"Herrmann, Harald"},{"id":"13244","first_name":"Christof","last_name":"Eigner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5693-3083","full_name":"Eigner, Christof"},{"first_name":"Christine","last_name":"Silberhorn","full_name":"Silberhorn, Christine","id":"26263"},{"first_name":"Tim","last_name":"Bartley","full_name":"Bartley, Tim","id":"49683"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2633-4356"]},"year":"2024","title":"Pyroelectric influence on lithium niobate during the thermal transition for cryogenic integrated photonics","doi":"10.1088/2633-4356/ad207d","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"article_number":"015402","project":[{"_id":"171","name":"TRR 142; TP C07: Hohlraum-verstärkte Parametrische Fluoreszenz mit zeitlicher Filterung unter Verwendung integrierter supraleitender Detektoren"}],"citation":{"chicago":"Thiele, Frederik, Thomas Hummel, Nina Amelie Lange, Felix Dreher, Maximilian Protte, Felix vom Bruch, Sebastian Lengeling, et al. “Pyroelectric Influence on Lithium Niobate during the Thermal Transition for Cryogenic Integrated Photonics.” <i>Materials for Quantum Technology</i> 4, no. 1 (2024). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/2633-4356/ad207d\">https://doi.org/10.1088/2633-4356/ad207d</a>.","short":"F. Thiele, T. Hummel, N.A. Lange, F. Dreher, M. Protte, F. vom Bruch, S. Lengeling, H. Herrmann, C. Eigner, C. Silberhorn, T. Bartley, Materials for Quantum Technology 4 (2024).","apa":"Thiele, F., Hummel, T., Lange, N. A., Dreher, F., Protte, M., Bruch, F. vom, Lengeling, S., Herrmann, H., Eigner, C., Silberhorn, C., &#38; Bartley, T. (2024). Pyroelectric influence on lithium niobate during the thermal transition for cryogenic integrated photonics. <i>Materials for Quantum Technology</i>, <i>4</i>(1), Article 015402. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/2633-4356/ad207d\">https://doi.org/10.1088/2633-4356/ad207d</a>","ieee":"F. Thiele <i>et al.</i>, “Pyroelectric influence on lithium niobate during the thermal transition for cryogenic integrated photonics,” <i>Materials for Quantum Technology</i>, vol. 4, no. 1, Art. no. 015402, 2024, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/2633-4356/ad207d\">10.1088/2633-4356/ad207d</a>.","ama":"Thiele F, Hummel T, Lange NA, et al. 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