[{"type":"conference","abstract":[{"text":"The Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) process is increasingly used for the manufacturing of individualized and complex structures, which continuously results in new requirements regarding the material properties. A characteristic material property for polymers is the low thermal conductivity. However, for specific applications, such as additively manufactured injection molding tool inserts, increased thermal conductivity is advantageous. In this study, the influence of fillers of different types, shapes and sizes on the resulting thermal conductivity of compounds is investigated. The aim is to analyze the effects of the fillers, considering the FFF-typical strand structure. The first step is to characterize the fillers in terms of shape and size. Based on this, the resulting thermal conductivity of specimens manufactured in the FFF process for different build orientations is specifically examined and compared to injection molding. This ensures that the process- and material-related anisotropy of the specimens is considered in the analysis. For the evaluation, a methodology is developed to be applied in Laser Flash Analysis (LFA), which allows the results to be evaluated despite the characteristic FFF surface structure. For the final visualization of the influence of the particle size on the particle orientation, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images of the relevant polymer compounds are made. The investigations provide a data basis regarding the influence of the particle type, shape and size on the thermal conductivity as well as for the requirement-oriented selection of fillers for processing thermally conductive polymer compounds in the FFF process.","lang":"eng"}],"status":"public","_id":"53529","department":[{"_id":"624"},{"_id":"367"},{"_id":"321"},{"_id":"9"}],"user_id":"70729","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"2024","citation":{"apa":"Moritzer, E., &#38; Elsner, C. L. (2024). <i>Evaluation of the Influence of Particle Type, Shape and Size on the Thermal Conductivity of Filled Polymers in the Fused Filament Fabrication Process</i>. Annual Technical Conference of the Society of Plastics Engineers (ANTEC 2024), St. Louis.","mla":"Moritzer, Elmar, and Christian Lennart Elsner. <i>Evaluation of the Influence of Particle Type, Shape and Size on the Thermal Conductivity of Filled Polymers in the Fused Filament Fabrication Process</i>. 2024.","short":"E. Moritzer, C.L. Elsner, in: 2024.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Moritzer_Elsner_2024, title={Evaluation of the Influence of Particle Type, Shape and Size on the Thermal Conductivity of Filled Polymers in the Fused Filament Fabrication Process}, author={Moritzer, Elmar and Elsner, Christian Lennart}, year={2024} }","ama":"Moritzer E, Elsner CL. Evaluation of the Influence of Particle Type, Shape and Size on the Thermal Conductivity of Filled Polymers in the Fused Filament Fabrication Process. In: ; 2024.","ieee":"E. Moritzer and C. L. Elsner, “Evaluation of the Influence of Particle Type, Shape and Size on the Thermal Conductivity of Filled Polymers in the Fused Filament Fabrication Process,” presented at the Annual Technical Conference of the Society of Plastics Engineers (ANTEC 2024), St. Louis, 2024.","chicago":"Moritzer, Elmar, and Christian Lennart Elsner. “Evaluation of the Influence of Particle Type, Shape and Size on the Thermal Conductivity of Filled Polymers in the Fused Filament Fabrication Process,” 2024."},"date_updated":"2024-04-16T07:29:22Z","author":[{"last_name":"Moritzer","id":"20531","full_name":"Moritzer, Elmar","first_name":"Elmar"},{"first_name":"Christian Lennart","id":"70729","full_name":"Elsner, Christian Lennart","last_name":"Elsner"}],"date_created":"2024-04-16T07:25:06Z","title":"Evaluation of the Influence of Particle Type, Shape and Size on the Thermal Conductivity of Filled Polymers in the Fused Filament Fabrication Process","conference":{"start_date":"2024-03-04","name":"Annual Technical Conference of the Society of Plastics Engineers (ANTEC 2024)","location":"St. Louis","end_date":"2024-03-07"}},{"year":"2024","citation":{"ieee":"E. Moritzer, C. L. Elsner, and M. K. F. Salm, “Wie der Füllstoffvolumenanteil die Materialeigenschaften beeinflusst,” <i>Plastverarbeiter</i>, vol. 2024, 2024.","chicago":"Moritzer, Elmar, Christian Lennart Elsner, and Maximilian Karl Franz Salm. “Wie Der Füllstoffvolumenanteil Die Materialeigenschaften Beeinflusst.” <i>Plastverarbeiter</i> 2024 (2024).","ama":"Moritzer E, Elsner CL, Salm MKF. Wie der Füllstoffvolumenanteil die Materialeigenschaften beeinflusst. <i>Plastverarbeiter</i>. 2024;2024.","apa":"Moritzer, E., Elsner, C. L., &#38; Salm, M. K. F. (2024). Wie der Füllstoffvolumenanteil die Materialeigenschaften beeinflusst. <i>Plastverarbeiter</i>, <i>2024</i>.","mla":"Moritzer, Elmar, et al. “Wie Der Füllstoffvolumenanteil Die Materialeigenschaften Beeinflusst.” <i>Plastverarbeiter</i>, vol. 2024, 2024.","short":"E. Moritzer, C.L. Elsner, M.K.F. Salm, Plastverarbeiter 2024 (2024).","bibtex":"@article{Moritzer_Elsner_Salm_2024, title={Wie der Füllstoffvolumenanteil die Materialeigenschaften beeinflusst}, volume={2024}, journal={Plastverarbeiter}, author={Moritzer, Elmar and Elsner, Christian Lennart and Salm, Maximilian Karl Franz}, year={2024} }"},"intvolume":"      2024","title":"Wie der Füllstoffvolumenanteil die Materialeigenschaften beeinflusst","date_updated":"2025-03-27T10:56:02Z","author":[{"last_name":"Moritzer","id":"20531","full_name":"Moritzer, Elmar","first_name":"Elmar"},{"last_name":"Elsner","full_name":"Elsner, Christian Lennart","id":"70729","first_name":"Christian Lennart"},{"last_name":"Salm","id":"57929","full_name":"Salm, Maximilian Karl Franz","first_name":"Maximilian Karl Franz"}],"date_created":"2025-03-25T10:18:06Z","volume":2024,"abstract":[{"text":"Füllstoffe erhöhen die Wärmeleitfähigkeit von im Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) Verfahren hergestellten Strukturen. Neben der Füllstoffart ist dabei der Füllstoffvolumenanteil relevant. Der maximal verarbeitbare Füllstoffanteil ist hier gegenüber vergleichbaren Spritzgussmaterialien reduziert. An der Kunststofftechnik Paderborn (KTP) wurde untersucht, welchen Einfluss spezifische Füllstoffe auf die Materialeigenschaften haben. Die additive Fertigung (AM) gewinnt durch stetig steigende Anforderungen an die Bauteilkomplexität und Fertigungsflexibilität nicht nur im Prototypenbau an Bedeutung [1]. Eines der am weitesten verbreiteten additiven Fertigungsverfahren ist dabei das Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) Verfahren [2]. Bei diesem Verfahren wird ein Kunststofffilament in eine temperierte Düse gefördert, dort aufgeschmolzen und in einer charakteristischen, näherungsweise elliptischen Stranggeometrie ausgetragen. Durch die Verfahrbewegung der Plastifiziereinheit und der Bauplattform können dreidimensionale Strukturen gefertigt werden [3]. Das FFF-Verfahren zeichnet sich unter anderem durch die Verarbeitung einer großen Bandbreite an thermoplastischen Kunststoffen aus [4]. Dies ermöglicht eine anwendungsspezifische Materialauswahl. In diesem Zusammenhang stellt auch die Modifizierung mit Füllstoffen eine Möglichkeit dar, die Materialeigenschaften gezielt einzustellen. Die Füllstoffe können dabei nach dem jeweiligen Aspektverhältnis in Kugeln, Plättchen oder Fasern unterteilt werden [5]. Die Steigerung der Wärmeleitfähigkeit von im FFF-Verfahren hergestellten Strukturen ist aktuell Stand der Forschung, gewinnt jedoch vor dem Hintergrund der aktuellen Herausforderungen, z. B. in der Elektrotechnik, an Bedeutung [6]. Die Kunststofftechnik Paderborn (KTP) befasst sich am Direct Manufacturing Research Center (DMRC) – Academic derzeit mit der Entwicklung und Verarbeitung wärmeleitfähiger Kunststoffe für das FFF-Verfahren. Der Fokus liegt dabei auf den material- und prozessseitigen Einflüssen auf die Materialeigenschaften. Für die Erzielung hoher Wärmeleitfähigkeiten sind dabei die Wahl der Füllstoffart und des Füllstoffvolumenanteils hervorzuheben. Kenntnisse über die Auswirkungen der Füllstoffzugabe und dem Zusammenspiel zwischen den mechanischen Eigenschaften und der Wärmeleitfähigkeit sind für die anwendungsgerechte Bauteilauslegung essenziell. Das Vorgehen Zur Analyse der Wärmeleitfähigkeit wurde eine am DMRC – Academic entwickelte Methode verwendet. Diese basiert auf der Fertigung von zylindrischen Probekörpern, welche im FFF-Verfahren entlang der Längsachse parallel zu den drei Koordinatenrichtungen X, Y und Z orientiert gefertigt werden. Im Anschluss werden die Probekörper spanend auf das für die Messung erforderliche Maß nachbearbeitet. Dadurch können fertigungsbedingte Einflüsse auf die Geometrie und Oberflächengüte reduziert und damit die Messgenauigkeit erhöht werden (Bild 2). Durch die Fertigung von drei unterschiedlichen Orientierungen kann weiterhin eine resultierende Anisotropie bewertet werden. Die auf einem Doppelschneckenextruder (Thermo Fisher Process11) hergestellten Filamente wurden nachfolgend mit einem Gewo HTP260 (Gewo Feinmechanik) verarbeitet. Die entsprechenden FFF-Prozessparameter sind in Tabelle 1 dargestellt. Dabei ist anzumerken, dass eine Bauraumtemperierung im Allgemeinen und der auf 120 °C beheizte Bauraum für die Verarbeitung der betrachteten Materialien im Speziellen zur prozesssicheren FFF-Fertigung unerlässlich sind. Die Analyse der Wärmeleitfähigkeit erfolgte schließlich mittels der Laser-Flash-Analyse (LFA) (Netzsch LFA 467 HyperFlash) entsprechend der DIN EN ISO 22007-4 [7]. Für die Bewertung der mechanischen Eigenschaften wurden Probekörper entsprechend der DIN EN ISO 527-2 Typ 1BA unter Verwendung einer Kolben-Spritzgussmaschine (Thermo Fisher Mini Jet Pro) gefertigt und mit einer Zugprüfmaschine (Zwick/Roell ProLine Z 010) geprüft, um den grundlegenden Füllstoffeinfluss bewerten zu können [8]. Für die Untersuchungen wurde ein Kunststoff-Compound basierend auf Polybutylenterephthalat (PBT) ohne (PBTx) und mit (PBTxa) Verarbeitungshilfe verwendet. Als Füllstoffe kamen zwei wärmeleitfähige plättchenförmige Füllstoffe (Bezeichnung: F1 und F2) zur Anwendung, welche einen mittleren Partikeldurchmesser (d50) für F1 von 5,0 µm und für F2 von 7,9 µm aufweisen. Ergebnisse der Zugversuche Die Auswertung der mechanischen Eigenschaften zeigt den Einfluss des Füllstoffvolumenanteils anhand des Elastizitätsmoduls und der Bruchdehnung auf (Bild 3). Die resultierende Festigkeit wird durch die geringe Verstärkungswirkung der Plättchen hingegen nur geringfügig beeinflusst und ist folglich nicht gesondert aufgeführt. Im Gegensatz dazu erhöht sich die Steifigkeit mit steigendem Füllstoffvolumenanteil, was auf den erhöhten E-Modul der Füllstoffe gegenüber der Kunststoffmatrix zurückzuführen ist. So kann durch die Füllstoffzugabe mit einem Volumenanteil in Höhe von 22 {%} der E-Modul für das Material PBTxa-F1 gegenüber der reinen Kunststoffmatrix um den Faktor 2,7 gesteigert werden. Hingegen nimmt die Bruchdehnung mit steigendem Füllstoffvolumenanteil ab. Diese mit dem Volumenanteil positiv korrelierende Versprödung stellt einen begrenzenden Faktor bei der Herstellung hochgefüllter Filamente dar. So neigen höher gefüllte Filamente eher zu einem Bruch bei der Herstellung und Verarbeitung. Dies resultiert in den vorliegenden maximalen Füllstoffvolumenanteilen, welche im Vergleich zu Spritzgussmaterialien deutlich reduziert sind. Eine weitere Erhöhung führt zu einer unzureichenden Prozessstabilität und damit zu einer unzureichenden Verarbeitungseignung für das FFF-Verfahren. Weiterhin zeigt sich, dass der Einfluss der verwendeten plättchenförmigen Füllstoffe für eine identische Kunststoffmatrix vergleichbar ist. Durch die Verwendung von Verarbeitungshilfen können die mechanischen Eigenschaften allerdings beeinflusst werden. Die Erhöhung des E-Moduls und der Bruchdehnung ist dabei auf die verbesserte Benetzung der Füllstoffpartikel und damit eine verbesserte Kunststoff-Füllstoff-Interaktion zurückzuführen. Bewertung der Wärmeleitfähigkeit Zur Darstellung der Ergebnisse der Wärmeleitfähigkeit wurden die Messergebnisse von je vier Probekörpern über die Prüftemperaturen zwischen 30 °C und 180 °C in 30 °C Inkrementen gemittelt (Bild 4). Die Ergebnisse zeigen eine positive Korrelation zwischen einem zunehmenden Füllstoffvolumenanteil und der Wärmeleitfähigkeit. Diese Steigerung ist wiederum abhängig von der jeweilig verwendeten Füllstoffart. Hierbei liefert das Material PBTx-F2-X eine vergleichbare Wärmeleitfähigkeit wie die Materialien PBTx-F1 und PBTxa-F1 in der jeweiligen Y-Orientierung. Die Unterschiede zwischen den beiden Materialien PBTx-F1 und PBTxa-F1 sind hingegen minimal und der Einfluss der Verarbeitungshilfe auf die Wärmeleitfähigkeit dementsprechend als vernachlässigbar anzusehen. Weiterhin ist eine anisotrope Wärmeleitfähigkeit für die mit Plättchen gefüllten Kunststoffe ersichtlich. Während die X-Orientierung (entlang der abgelegten Stränge) eine erhöhte Wärmeleitfähigkeit für alle Materialien liefert, ist diese für die Z-Orientierung (zwischen den Schichten) am geringsten. Gründe hierfür sind der Strangverbund sowie die Füllstofforientierung innerhalb der abgelegten Stränge. Dabei ist die aufgezeigte Anisotropie für den Füllstoff F2 im Vergleich zu F1 leicht reduziert und bestätigt den spezifischen Einfluss der Füllstoffart. Auf Basis der Ergebnisse können allgemein drei charakteristische Orientierungen zur Bewertung der Wärmeleitfähigkeit erfasst werden. Für die Bauteilauslegung ist der aufgezeigte Einfluss plättchenförmiger Füllstoffe auf die sich einstellende Anisotropie von im FFF-Verfahren gefertigten Strukturen zwingend zu beachten. Ausblick Die angeführten Untersuchungen zeigen, dass die Verwendung von plättchenförmigen Füllstoffen in Abhängigkeit von dem Füllstoffvolumenanteil zu einer Beeinflussung der Materialeigenschaften führt. Die dargelegten Ergebnisse stellen in diesem Kontext eine Grundlage zur Bewertung des Zusammenhangs zwischen den mechanischen Eigenschaften und der Wärmeleitfähigkeit dar. Insbesondere die Limitierung des Füllstoffvolumenanteils durch die erhöhte Versprödung ist hierbei anzuführen. Aktuelle Untersuchungen an der Kunststofftechnik Paderborn befassen sich mit der Betrachtung weiterer material- und prozessseitiger Einflussgrößen auf die Wärmeleitfähigkeit. Die generierten Daten sollen schließlich für die Entwicklung eines Modells zur Vorhersage der Wärmeleitfähigkeit von im FFF-Verfahren gefertigten Strukturen zusammengeführt werden.","lang":"eng"}],"status":"public","type":"journal_article","publication":"Plastverarbeiter","keyword":["Compoundieren","Fused Filament Fabrication"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"59131","user_id":"59363","department":[{"_id":"9"},{"_id":"321"},{"_id":"624"},{"_id":"367"}]},{"year":"2024","citation":{"apa":"Moritzer, E., Beutelspacher, J., &#38; Elsner, C. L. (2024). Investigation of the weld seam quality of particle filled polymers in the fused filament fabrication process. <i>Polymer Composites</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.29101\">https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.29101</a>","bibtex":"@article{Moritzer_Beutelspacher_Elsner_2024, title={Investigation of the weld seam quality of particle filled polymers in the fused filament fabrication process}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.29101\">10.1002/pc.29101</a>}, journal={Polymer Composites}, author={Moritzer, Elmar and Beutelspacher, Jonas and Elsner, Christian Lennart}, year={2024} }","mla":"Moritzer, Elmar, et al. “Investigation of the Weld Seam Quality of Particle Filled Polymers in the Fused Filament Fabrication Process.” <i>Polymer Composites</i>, 2024, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.29101\">10.1002/pc.29101</a>.","short":"E. Moritzer, J. Beutelspacher, C.L. Elsner, Polymer Composites (2024).","chicago":"Moritzer, Elmar, Jonas Beutelspacher, and Christian Lennart Elsner. “Investigation of the Weld Seam Quality of Particle Filled Polymers in the Fused Filament Fabrication Process.” <i>Polymer Composites</i>, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.29101\">https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.29101</a>.","ieee":"E. Moritzer, J. Beutelspacher, and C. L. Elsner, “Investigation of the weld seam quality of particle filled polymers in the fused filament fabrication process,” <i>Polymer Composites</i>, 2024, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.29101\">10.1002/pc.29101</a>.","ama":"Moritzer E, Beutelspacher J, Elsner CL. Investigation of the weld seam quality of particle filled polymers in the fused filament fabrication process. <i>Polymer Composites</i>. Published online 2024. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.29101\">10.1002/pc.29101</a>"},"quality_controlled":"1","title":"Investigation of the weld seam quality of particle filled polymers in the fused filament fabrication process","doi":"10.1002/pc.29101","date_updated":"2025-03-27T10:55:25Z","date_created":"2025-03-25T10:18:06Z","author":[{"first_name":"Elmar","last_name":"Moritzer","full_name":"Moritzer, Elmar","id":"20531"},{"first_name":"Jonas","id":"92911","full_name":"Beutelspacher, Jonas","last_name":"Beutelspacher"},{"last_name":"Elsner","full_name":"Elsner, Christian Lennart","id":"70729","first_name":"Christian Lennart"}],"status":"public","publication":"Polymer Composites","type":"journal_article","keyword":["Filled polymers","Fused Filament Fabrication","weld seam quality","weld seam strength"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"59132","department":[{"_id":"9"},{"_id":"321"},{"_id":"624"},{"_id":"367"}],"user_id":"59363"},{"year":"2023","place":"St. Gallen (Schweiz)","citation":{"ama":"Moritzer E, Elsner CL, Deupmann K. Investigation of the Volume Flow in the FFF Process as an Influencing Factor on the Resulting Orientation of Thermally Conductive Filler Particles. In: ; 2023.","chicago":"Moritzer, Elmar, Christian Lennart Elsner, and K. Deupmann. “Investigation of the Volume Flow in the FFF Process as an Influencing Factor on the Resulting Orientation of Thermally Conductive Filler Particles.” St. Gallen (Schweiz), 2023.","ieee":"E. Moritzer, C. L. Elsner, and K. Deupmann, “Investigation of the Volume Flow in the FFF Process as an Influencing Factor on the Resulting Orientation of Thermally Conductive Filler Particles,” presented at the 38th International Conference of the Polymer Processing Society (PPS), St. Gallen (Schweiz), 2023.","mla":"Moritzer, Elmar, et al. <i>Investigation of the Volume Flow in the FFF Process as an Influencing Factor on the Resulting Orientation of Thermally Conductive Filler Particles</i>. 2023.","short":"E. Moritzer, C.L. Elsner, K. Deupmann, in: St. Gallen (Schweiz), 2023.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Moritzer_Elsner_Deupmann_2023, place={St. Gallen (Schweiz)}, title={Investigation of the Volume Flow in the FFF Process as an Influencing Factor on the Resulting Orientation of Thermally Conductive Filler Particles}, author={Moritzer, Elmar and Elsner, Christian Lennart and Deupmann, K.}, year={2023} }","apa":"Moritzer, E., Elsner, C. L., &#38; Deupmann, K. (2023). <i>Investigation of the Volume Flow in the FFF Process as an Influencing Factor on the Resulting Orientation of Thermally Conductive Filler Particles</i>. 38th International Conference of the Polymer Processing Society (PPS), St. Gallen (Schweiz)."},"date_updated":"2023-11-09T13:01:03Z","date_created":"2023-11-09T13:00:49Z","author":[{"first_name":"Elmar","last_name":"Moritzer","full_name":"Moritzer, Elmar","id":"20531"},{"first_name":"Christian Lennart","last_name":"Elsner","id":"70729","full_name":"Elsner, Christian Lennart"},{"first_name":"K.","full_name":"Deupmann, K.","last_name":"Deupmann"}],"title":"Investigation of the Volume Flow in the FFF Process as an Influencing Factor on the Resulting Orientation of Thermally Conductive Filler Particles","conference":{"location":"St. Gallen (Schweiz)","name":"38th International Conference of the Polymer Processing Society (PPS)"},"type":"conference","status":"public","_id":"48739","department":[{"_id":"9"},{"_id":"367"},{"_id":"321"}],"user_id":"44116","language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"department":[{"_id":"219"},{"_id":"624"},{"_id":"367"},{"_id":"321"},{"_id":"9"}],"user_id":"70729","_id":"33859","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"Macromolecular Symposia","type":"journal_article","status":"public","volume":404,"author":[{"full_name":"Moritzer, Elmar","id":"20531","last_name":"Moritzer","first_name":"Elmar"},{"full_name":"Elsner, Christian Lennart","id":"70729","last_name":"Elsner","first_name":"Christian Lennart"}],"date_created":"2022-10-21T14:33:33Z","date_updated":"2022-10-24T06:53:38Z","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.202100390","conference":{"location":"Bukarest","name":"5th International Conference Progress on Polymers and Composites Products and Manufacturing Technologies (POLCOM) "},"title":"Investigation and Improvement of Processing Parameters of a Copper-Filled Polymer Filament in Fused Filament Fabrication as a Basis for the Fabrication of Low-Porosity Metal Parts","issue":"1","publication_status":"published","intvolume":"       404","citation":{"apa":"Moritzer, E., &#38; Elsner, C. L. (2022). Investigation and Improvement of Processing Parameters of a Copper-Filled Polymer Filament in Fused Filament Fabrication as a Basis for the Fabrication of Low-Porosity Metal Parts. <i>Macromolecular Symposia</i>, <i>404</i>(1). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.202100390\">https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.202100390</a>","short":"E. Moritzer, C.L. Elsner, Macromolecular Symposia 404 (2022).","mla":"Moritzer, Elmar, and Christian Lennart Elsner. “Investigation and Improvement of Processing Parameters of a Copper-Filled Polymer Filament in Fused Filament Fabrication as a Basis for the Fabrication of Low-Porosity Metal Parts.” <i>Macromolecular Symposia</i>, vol. 404, no. 1, Wiley, 2022, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.202100390\">https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.202100390</a>.","bibtex":"@article{Moritzer_Elsner_2022, title={Investigation and Improvement of Processing Parameters of a Copper-Filled Polymer Filament in Fused Filament Fabrication as a Basis for the Fabrication of Low-Porosity Metal Parts}, volume={404}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.202100390\">https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.202100390</a>}, number={1}, journal={Macromolecular Symposia}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Moritzer, Elmar and Elsner, Christian Lennart}, year={2022} }","ama":"Moritzer E, Elsner CL. Investigation and Improvement of Processing Parameters of a Copper-Filled Polymer Filament in Fused Filament Fabrication as a Basis for the Fabrication of Low-Porosity Metal Parts. <i>Macromolecular Symposia</i>. 2022;404(1). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.202100390\">https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.202100390</a>","ieee":"E. Moritzer and C. L. Elsner, “Investigation and Improvement of Processing Parameters of a Copper-Filled Polymer Filament in Fused Filament Fabrication as a Basis for the Fabrication of Low-Porosity Metal Parts,” <i>Macromolecular Symposia</i>, vol. 404, no. 1, 2022, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.202100390\">https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.202100390</a>.","chicago":"Moritzer, Elmar, and Christian Lennart Elsner. “Investigation and Improvement of Processing Parameters of a Copper-Filled Polymer Filament in Fused Filament Fabrication as a Basis for the Fabrication of Low-Porosity Metal Parts.” <i>Macromolecular Symposia</i> 404, no. 1 (2022). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.202100390\">https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.202100390</a>."},"year":"2022"},{"publication":"Kunststoffe","type":"newspaper_article","status":"public","department":[{"_id":"219"},{"_id":"624"},{"_id":"367"},{"_id":"321"},{"_id":"9"}],"user_id":"70729","_id":"33987","publication_date":"2022-11-03","language":[{"iso":"ger"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0023–5563"]},"publication_status":"published","citation":{"apa":"Moritzer, E., &#38; Elsner, C. L. (2022). Mit Gestaltungsrichtlinien zum Erfolg. <i>Kunststoffe</i>, <i>11/2022</i>.","short":"E. Moritzer, C.L. Elsner, Kunststoffe 11/2022 (2022).","bibtex":"@article{Moritzer_Elsner_2022, title={Mit Gestaltungsrichtlinien zum Erfolg}, volume={11/2022}, journal={Kunststoffe}, author={Moritzer, Elmar and Elsner, Christian Lennart}, year={2022} }","mla":"Moritzer, Elmar, and Christian Lennart Elsner. “Mit Gestaltungsrichtlinien zum Erfolg.” <i>Kunststoffe</i>, vol. 11/2022, 2022.","chicago":"Moritzer, Elmar, and Christian Lennart Elsner. “Mit Gestaltungsrichtlinien zum Erfolg.” <i>Kunststoffe</i>, 2022.","ieee":"E. Moritzer and C. L. Elsner, “Mit Gestaltungsrichtlinien zum Erfolg,” <i>Kunststoffe</i>, vol. 11/2022, 2022.","ama":"Moritzer E, Elsner CL. Mit Gestaltungsrichtlinien zum Erfolg. <i>Kunststoffe</i>. 2022."},"year":"2022","volume":"11/2022","author":[{"full_name":"Moritzer, Elmar","id":"20531","last_name":"Moritzer","first_name":"Elmar"},{"last_name":"Elsner","full_name":"Elsner, Christian Lennart","id":"70729","first_name":"Christian Lennart"}],"date_created":"2022-11-03T12:35:00Z","date_updated":"2022-11-03T12:35:12Z","title":"Mit Gestaltungsrichtlinien zum Erfolg"},{"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"file_date_updated":"2022-03-15T13:44:44Z","ddc":["620"],"department":[{"_id":"9"},{"_id":"367"},{"_id":"321"},{"_id":"219"},{"_id":"624"}],"series_title":"Conference Proceedings","user_id":"45537","_id":"25283","status":"public","file":[{"date_updated":"2022-03-15T13:44:44Z","creator":"fhecker","date_created":"2022-03-15T13:42:12Z","file_size":450457,"access_level":"closed","file_name":"S11-591.pdf","file_id":"30298","content_type":"application/pdf","relation":"main_file"}],"publication":"Proceedings of  36th Annual Meeting of Polymer Processing Society (PPS-36)","type":"conference","conference":{"end_date":"2021-09-29","location":"Montreal, Canada","name":"36th International Conference of the Polymer Processing Society","start_date":"2021-09-26"},"title":"Influences of Temperature-Dependent Boundary Conditions on Component Properties in Arburg Plastic Freeforming","author":[{"full_name":"Moritzer, Elmar","id":"20531","last_name":"Moritzer","first_name":"Elmar"},{"first_name":"Felix","last_name":"Hecker","full_name":"Hecker, Felix","id":"45537"},{"first_name":"Christian Lennart","last_name":"Elsner","id":"70729","full_name":"Elsner, Christian Lennart"},{"first_name":"André","last_name":"Hirsch","id":"27599","full_name":"Hirsch, André"}],"date_created":"2021-10-04T11:14:28Z","date_updated":"2022-03-15T13:44:44Z","citation":{"ama":"Moritzer E, Hecker F, Elsner CL, Hirsch A. Influences of Temperature-Dependent Boundary Conditions on Component Properties in Arburg Plastic Freeforming. In: <i>Proceedings of  36th Annual Meeting of Polymer Processing Society (PPS-36)</i>. Conference Proceedings.","chicago":"Moritzer, Elmar, Felix Hecker, Christian Lennart Elsner, and André Hirsch. “Influences of Temperature-Dependent Boundary Conditions on Component Properties in Arburg Plastic Freeforming.” In <i>Proceedings of  36th Annual Meeting of Polymer Processing Society (PPS-36)</i>. Conference Proceedings, n.d.","ieee":"E. Moritzer, F. Hecker, C. L. Elsner, and A. Hirsch, “Influences of Temperature-Dependent Boundary Conditions on Component Properties in Arburg Plastic Freeforming,” presented at the 36th International Conference of the Polymer Processing Society, Montreal, Canada.","apa":"Moritzer, E., Hecker, F., Elsner, C. L., &#38; Hirsch, A. (n.d.). Influences of Temperature-Dependent Boundary Conditions on Component Properties in Arburg Plastic Freeforming. <i>Proceedings of  36th Annual Meeting of Polymer Processing Society (PPS-36)</i>. 36th International Conference of the Polymer Processing Society, Montreal, Canada.","mla":"Moritzer, Elmar, et al. “Influences of Temperature-Dependent Boundary Conditions on Component Properties in Arburg Plastic Freeforming.” <i>Proceedings of  36th Annual Meeting of Polymer Processing Society (PPS-36)</i>.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Moritzer_Hecker_Elsner_Hirsch, series={Conference Proceedings}, title={Influences of Temperature-Dependent Boundary Conditions on Component Properties in Arburg Plastic Freeforming}, booktitle={Proceedings of  36th Annual Meeting of Polymer Processing Society (PPS-36)}, author={Moritzer, Elmar and Hecker, Felix and Elsner, Christian Lennart and Hirsch, André}, collection={Conference Proceedings} }","short":"E. Moritzer, F. Hecker, C.L. Elsner, A. Hirsch, in: Proceedings of  36th Annual Meeting of Polymer Processing Society (PPS-36), n.d."},"year":"2021","has_accepted_license":"1","publication_status":"accepted"},{"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"24162","department":[{"_id":"9"},{"_id":"624"},{"_id":"219"},{"_id":"367"},{"_id":"321"}],"user_id":"70729","status":"public","publication":"Macromolecular Symposia","type":"journal_article","title":"Investigation of Specific FDM Process Parameters to Optimize the Polymer Discharge of Carbon Fiber Reinforced PEEK","conference":{"name":"4th International Conference Progress on Polymers and Composites Products and Manufacturing Technologies (POLCOM)"},"doi":"10.1002/masy.202000269","date_updated":"2022-04-25T07:57:39Z","publisher":"Wiley","volume":395,"author":[{"last_name":"Moritzer","id":"20531","full_name":"Moritzer, Elmar","first_name":"Elmar"},{"first_name":"Julian","last_name":"Wächter","full_name":"Wächter, Julian","id":"29588"},{"first_name":"Christian Lennart","last_name":"Elsner","full_name":"Elsner, Christian Lennart","id":"70729"}],"date_created":"2021-09-10T12:42:27Z","year":"2021","intvolume":"       395","citation":{"apa":"Moritzer, E., Wächter, J., &#38; Elsner, C. L. (2021). Investigation of Specific FDM Process Parameters to Optimize the Polymer Discharge of Carbon Fiber Reinforced PEEK. <i>Macromolecular Symposia</i>, <i>395</i>(1). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.202000269\">https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.202000269</a>","ama":"Moritzer E, Wächter J, Elsner CL. Investigation of Specific FDM Process Parameters to Optimize the Polymer Discharge of Carbon Fiber Reinforced PEEK. <i>Macromolecular Symposia</i>. 2021;395(1). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.202000269\">10.1002/masy.202000269</a>","bibtex":"@article{Moritzer_Wächter_Elsner_2021, title={Investigation of Specific FDM Process Parameters to Optimize the Polymer Discharge of Carbon Fiber Reinforced PEEK}, volume={395}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.202000269\">10.1002/masy.202000269</a>}, number={1}, journal={Macromolecular Symposia}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Moritzer, Elmar and Wächter, Julian and Elsner, Christian Lennart}, year={2021} }","short":"E. Moritzer, J. Wächter, C.L. Elsner, Macromolecular Symposia 395 (2021).","mla":"Moritzer, Elmar, et al. “Investigation of Specific FDM Process Parameters to Optimize the Polymer Discharge of Carbon Fiber Reinforced PEEK.” <i>Macromolecular Symposia</i>, vol. 395, no. 1, Wiley, 2021, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.202000269\">10.1002/masy.202000269</a>.","chicago":"Moritzer, Elmar, Julian Wächter, and Christian Lennart Elsner. “Investigation of Specific FDM Process Parameters to Optimize the Polymer Discharge of Carbon Fiber Reinforced PEEK.” <i>Macromolecular Symposia</i> 395, no. 1 (2021). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.202000269\">https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.202000269</a>.","ieee":"E. Moritzer, J. Wächter, and C. L. Elsner, “Investigation of Specific FDM Process Parameters to Optimize the Polymer Discharge of Carbon Fiber Reinforced PEEK,” <i>Macromolecular Symposia</i>, vol. 395, no. 1, 2021, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.202000269\">10.1002/masy.202000269</a>."},"quality_controlled":"1","publication_status":"published","issue":"1"},{"department":[{"_id":"219"},{"_id":"624"},{"_id":"367"},{"_id":"321"},{"_id":"9"}],"user_id":"70729","_id":"24554","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"79th Annual Technical Conference of the Society of Plastics Engineers (ANTEC)","type":"conference","status":"public","date_created":"2021-09-16T11:33:04Z","author":[{"first_name":"Elmar","full_name":"Moritzer, Elmar","id":"20531","last_name":"Moritzer"},{"first_name":"Christian Lennart","last_name":"Elsner","full_name":"Elsner, Christian Lennart","id":"70729"},{"first_name":"Julian","last_name":"Wächter","full_name":"Wächter, Julian","id":"29588"},{"first_name":"Frederick","full_name":"Knoop, Frederick","last_name":"Knoop"}],"date_updated":"2022-04-25T07:57:24Z","conference":{"name":"79th Annual Technical Conference of the Society of Plastics Engineers (ANTEC)"},"title":"Investigation and Realization of Watertight FDM Structures Made of Ultem 9085 in Pressurized Systems","quality_controlled":"1","citation":{"apa":"Moritzer, E., Elsner, C. L., Wächter, J., &#38; Knoop, F. (2021). Investigation and Realization of Watertight FDM Structures Made of Ultem 9085 in Pressurized Systems. <i>79th Annual Technical Conference of the Society of Plastics Engineers (ANTEC)</i>. 79th Annual Technical Conference of the Society of Plastics Engineers (ANTEC).","short":"E. Moritzer, C.L. Elsner, J. Wächter, F. Knoop, in: 79th Annual Technical Conference of the Society of Plastics Engineers (ANTEC), 2021.","mla":"Moritzer, Elmar, et al. “Investigation and Realization of Watertight FDM Structures Made of Ultem 9085 in Pressurized Systems.” <i>79th Annual Technical Conference of the Society of Plastics Engineers (ANTEC)</i>, 2021.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Moritzer_Elsner_Wächter_Knoop_2021, title={Investigation and Realization of Watertight FDM Structures Made of Ultem 9085 in Pressurized Systems}, booktitle={79th Annual Technical Conference of the Society of Plastics Engineers (ANTEC)}, author={Moritzer, Elmar and Elsner, Christian Lennart and Wächter, Julian and Knoop, Frederick}, year={2021} }","ama":"Moritzer E, Elsner CL, Wächter J, Knoop F. Investigation and Realization of Watertight FDM Structures Made of Ultem 9085 in Pressurized Systems. In: <i>79th Annual Technical Conference of the Society of Plastics Engineers (ANTEC)</i>. ; 2021.","chicago":"Moritzer, Elmar, Christian Lennart Elsner, Julian Wächter, and Frederick Knoop. “Investigation and Realization of Watertight FDM Structures Made of Ultem 9085 in Pressurized Systems.” In <i>79th Annual Technical Conference of the Society of Plastics Engineers (ANTEC)</i>, 2021.","ieee":"E. Moritzer, C. L. Elsner, J. Wächter, and F. Knoop, “Investigation and Realization of Watertight FDM Structures Made of Ultem 9085 in Pressurized Systems,” presented at the 79th Annual Technical Conference of the Society of Plastics Engineers (ANTEC), 2021."},"year":"2021"},{"date_created":"2021-09-16T11:44:48Z","author":[{"last_name":"Moritzer","id":"20531","full_name":"Moritzer, Elmar","first_name":"Elmar"},{"last_name":"Elsner","id":"70729","full_name":"Elsner, Christian Lennart","first_name":"Christian Lennart"},{"first_name":"Christian","last_name":"Schumacher","full_name":"Schumacher, Christian"}],"volume":42,"date_updated":"2022-04-25T08:08:07Z","doi":"10.1002/pc.26285","title":"Investigation of Metal‐Polymer Composites Manufactured by Fused Deposition Modeling with Regard to Process Parameters","issue":"11","publication_status":"published","quality_controlled":"1","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0272-8397","1548-0569"]},"citation":{"chicago":"Moritzer, Elmar, Christian Lennart Elsner, and Christian Schumacher. “Investigation of Metal‐Polymer Composites Manufactured by Fused Deposition Modeling with Regard to Process Parameters.” <i>Polymer Composites</i> 42, no. 11 (2021): 6065–79. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.26285\">https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.26285</a>.","ieee":"E. Moritzer, C. L. Elsner, and C. Schumacher, “Investigation of Metal‐Polymer Composites Manufactured by Fused Deposition Modeling with Regard to Process Parameters,” <i>Polymer Composites</i>, vol. 42, no. 11, pp. 6065–6079, 2021, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.26285\">10.1002/pc.26285</a>.","ama":"Moritzer E, Elsner CL, Schumacher C. Investigation of Metal‐Polymer Composites Manufactured by Fused Deposition Modeling with Regard to Process Parameters. <i>Polymer Composites</i>. 2021;42(11):6065-6079. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.26285\">10.1002/pc.26285</a>","mla":"Moritzer, Elmar, et al. “Investigation of Metal‐Polymer Composites Manufactured by Fused Deposition Modeling with Regard to Process Parameters.” <i>Polymer Composites</i>, vol. 42, no. 11, 2021, pp. 6065–79, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.26285\">10.1002/pc.26285</a>.","short":"E. Moritzer, C.L. Elsner, C. Schumacher, Polymer Composites 42 (2021) 6065–6079.","bibtex":"@article{Moritzer_Elsner_Schumacher_2021, title={Investigation of Metal‐Polymer Composites Manufactured by Fused Deposition Modeling with Regard to Process Parameters}, volume={42}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.26285\">10.1002/pc.26285</a>}, number={11}, journal={Polymer Composites}, author={Moritzer, Elmar and Elsner, Christian Lennart and Schumacher, Christian}, year={2021}, pages={6065–6079} }","apa":"Moritzer, E., Elsner, C. L., &#38; Schumacher, C. (2021). Investigation of Metal‐Polymer Composites Manufactured by Fused Deposition Modeling with Regard to Process Parameters. <i>Polymer Composites</i>, <i>42</i>(11), 6065–6079. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.26285\">https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.26285</a>"},"intvolume":"        42","page":"6065-6079","year":"2021","user_id":"70729","department":[{"_id":"219"},{"_id":"624"},{"_id":"367"},{"_id":"9"},{"_id":"321"}],"_id":"24555","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"type":"journal_article","publication":"Polymer Composites","status":"public"},{"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"department":[{"_id":"9"},{"_id":"367"},{"_id":"321"},{"_id":"219"},{"_id":"624"}],"user_id":"45537","_id":"24101","status":"public","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Arburg Plastic Freeforming (APF) is an additive manufacturing process with which three-dimensional, thermoplastic components can be produced layer by layer. Visual and geometrical properties are a major criterion for characterizing the resulting component quality. The aim of this study was to investigate the influences on visual and geometrical properties of APF components depending on process parameters. Initially the focus was on the analysis of the shrinkage behavior of ABS-M30 (Stratasys). On the basis of the results and an existing procedure by the machine manufacturer, an optimized procedure for determining the scaling factors was developed to counteract the shrinkage. With this procedure a higher dimensional accuracy of the components can be achieved. In addition, it was investigated whether an adaption of the form factor based on a mathematical model depending on the component geometry makes sense. The results were transferred into manufacturing guidelines, which allow the user of the APF-technology to optimize process parameters more efficiently."}],"editor":[{"full_name":"Bourell, David","last_name":"Bourell","first_name":"David"}],"publication":"Proceedings: 2021 Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium (SFF Symp 2021)","type":"conference","conference":{"end_date":"2021-08-04","location":"Austin, Texas, USA","name":"2021 Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium (SFF Symp 2021)","start_date":"2021-08-02"},"doi":"10.26153/tsw/17567","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/2021-table-contents"}],"title":"Investigations for the Optimization of Visual and Geometrical Properties of Arburg Plastic Freeforming Components","date_created":"2021-09-10T06:54:35Z","author":[{"full_name":"Moritzer, Elmar","id":"20531","last_name":"Moritzer","first_name":"Elmar"},{"first_name":"Felix","last_name":"Hecker","id":"45537","full_name":"Hecker, Felix"},{"first_name":"Christian Lennart","id":"70729","full_name":"Elsner, Christian Lennart","last_name":"Elsner"},{"first_name":"André","last_name":"Hirsch","full_name":"Hirsch, André","id":"27599"}],"date_updated":"2024-01-08T11:32:53Z","oa":"1","page":"467-474","citation":{"short":"E. Moritzer, F. Hecker, C.L. Elsner, A. Hirsch, in: D. Bourell (Ed.), Proceedings: 2021 Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium (SFF Symp 2021), 2021, pp. 467–474.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Moritzer_Hecker_Elsner_Hirsch_2021, title={Investigations for the Optimization of Visual and Geometrical Properties of Arburg Plastic Freeforming Components}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/17567\">10.26153/tsw/17567</a>}, booktitle={Proceedings: 2021 Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium (SFF Symp 2021)}, author={Moritzer, Elmar and Hecker, Felix and Elsner, Christian Lennart and Hirsch, André}, editor={Bourell, David}, year={2021}, pages={467–474} }","mla":"Moritzer, Elmar, et al. “Investigations for the Optimization of Visual and Geometrical Properties of Arburg Plastic Freeforming Components.” <i>Proceedings: 2021 Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium (SFF Symp 2021)</i>, edited by David Bourell, 2021, pp. 467–74, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/17567\">10.26153/tsw/17567</a>.","apa":"Moritzer, E., Hecker, F., Elsner, C. L., &#38; Hirsch, A. (2021). Investigations for the Optimization of Visual and Geometrical Properties of Arburg Plastic Freeforming Components. In D. Bourell (Ed.), <i>Proceedings: 2021 Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium (SFF Symp 2021)</i> (pp. 467–474). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/17567\">https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/17567</a>","ieee":"E. Moritzer, F. Hecker, C. L. Elsner, and A. Hirsch, “Investigations for the Optimization of Visual and Geometrical Properties of Arburg Plastic Freeforming Components,” in <i>Proceedings: 2021 Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium (SFF Symp 2021)</i>, Austin, Texas, USA, 2021, pp. 467–474, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/17567\">10.26153/tsw/17567</a>.","chicago":"Moritzer, Elmar, Felix Hecker, Christian Lennart Elsner, and André Hirsch. “Investigations for the Optimization of Visual and Geometrical Properties of Arburg Plastic Freeforming Components.” In <i>Proceedings: 2021 Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium (SFF Symp 2021)</i>, edited by David Bourell, 467–74, 2021. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/17567\">https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/17567</a>.","ama":"Moritzer E, Hecker F, Elsner CL, Hirsch A. Investigations for the Optimization of Visual and Geometrical Properties of Arburg Plastic Freeforming Components. In: Bourell D, ed. <i>Proceedings: 2021 Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium (SFF Symp 2021)</i>. ; 2021:467-474. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/17567\">10.26153/tsw/17567</a>"},"year":"2021","publication_status":"published"}]