---
_id: '30288'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Lithium niobate (LiNbO3), a material frequently used in optical applications,
hosts different kinds of polarons that significantly affect many of its physical
properties. In this study, a variety of electron polarons, namely free, bound,
and bipolarons, are analyzed using first-principles calculations. We perform a
full structural optimization based on density-functional theory for selected intrinsic
defects with special attention to the role of symmetry-breaking distortions that
lower the total energy. The cations hosting the various polarons relax to a different
degree, with a larger relaxation corresponding to a larger gap between the defect
level and the conduction-band edge. The projected density of states reveals that
the polaron states are formerly empty Nb 4d states lowered into the band gap.
Optical absorption spectra are derived within the independent-particle approximation,
corrected by the GW approximation that yields a wider band gap and by including
excitonic effects within the Bethe-Salpeter equation. Comparing the calculated
spectra with the density of states, we find that the defect peak observed in the
optical absorption stems from transitions between the defect level and a continuum
of empty Nb 4d states. Signatures of polarons are further analyzed in the reflectivity
and other experimentally measurable optical coefficients.
author:
- first_name: Falko
full_name: Schmidt, Falko
id: '35251'
last_name: Schmidt
orcid: 0000-0002-5071-5528
- first_name: Agnieszka L.
full_name: Kozub, Agnieszka L.
id: '77566'
last_name: Kozub
orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6584-0201
- first_name: Uwe
full_name: Gerstmann, Uwe
id: '171'
last_name: Gerstmann
orcid: 0000-0002-4476-223X
- first_name: Wolf Gero
full_name: Schmidt, Wolf Gero
id: '468'
last_name: Schmidt
orcid: 0000-0002-2717-5076
- first_name: Arno
full_name: Schindlmayr, Arno
id: '458'
last_name: Schindlmayr
orcid: 0000-0002-4855-071X
citation:
ama: 'Schmidt F, Kozub AL, Gerstmann U, Schmidt WG, Schindlmayr A. Electron polarons
in lithium niobate: Charge localization, lattice deformation, and optical response.
In: Corradi G, Kovács L, eds. New Trends in Lithium Niobate: From Bulk to Nanocrystals.
MDPI; 2022:231-248. doi:10.3390/books978-3-0365-3339-1'
apa: 'Schmidt, F., Kozub, A. L., Gerstmann, U., Schmidt, W. G., & Schindlmayr,
A. (2022). Electron polarons in lithium niobate: Charge localization, lattice
deformation, and optical response. In G. Corradi & L. Kovács (Eds.), New
Trends in Lithium Niobate: From Bulk to Nanocrystals (pp. 231–248). MDPI.
https://doi.org/10.3390/books978-3-0365-3339-1'
bibtex: '@inbook{Schmidt_Kozub_Gerstmann_Schmidt_Schindlmayr_2022, place={Basel},
title={Electron polarons in lithium niobate: Charge localization, lattice deformation,
and optical response}, DOI={10.3390/books978-3-0365-3339-1},
booktitle={New Trends in Lithium Niobate: From Bulk to Nanocrystals}, publisher={MDPI},
author={Schmidt, Falko and Kozub, Agnieszka L. and Gerstmann, Uwe and Schmidt,
Wolf Gero and Schindlmayr, Arno}, editor={Corradi, Gábor and Kovács, László},
year={2022}, pages={231–248} }'
chicago: 'Schmidt, Falko, Agnieszka L. Kozub, Uwe Gerstmann, Wolf Gero Schmidt,
and Arno Schindlmayr. “Electron Polarons in Lithium Niobate: Charge Localization,
Lattice Deformation, and Optical Response.” In New Trends in Lithium Niobate:
From Bulk to Nanocrystals, edited by Gábor Corradi and László Kovács, 231–48.
Basel: MDPI, 2022. https://doi.org/10.3390/books978-3-0365-3339-1.'
ieee: 'F. Schmidt, A. L. Kozub, U. Gerstmann, W. G. Schmidt, and A. Schindlmayr,
“Electron polarons in lithium niobate: Charge localization, lattice deformation,
and optical response,” in New Trends in Lithium Niobate: From Bulk to Nanocrystals,
G. Corradi and L. Kovács, Eds. Basel: MDPI, 2022, pp. 231–248.'
mla: 'Schmidt, Falko, et al. “Electron Polarons in Lithium Niobate: Charge Localization,
Lattice Deformation, and Optical Response.” New Trends in Lithium Niobate:
From Bulk to Nanocrystals, edited by Gábor Corradi and László Kovács, MDPI,
2022, pp. 231–48, doi:10.3390/books978-3-0365-3339-1.'
short: 'F. Schmidt, A.L. Kozub, U. Gerstmann, W.G. Schmidt, A. Schindlmayr, in:
G. Corradi, L. Kovács (Eds.), New Trends in Lithium Niobate: From Bulk to Nanocrystals,
MDPI, Basel, 2022, pp. 231–248.'
date_created: 2022-03-13T15:28:47Z
date_updated: 2023-04-20T15:58:51Z
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: '296'
- _id: '230'
- _id: '429'
- _id: '295'
- _id: '15'
- _id: '170'
- _id: '35'
- _id: '790'
doi: 10.3390/books978-3-0365-3339-1
editor:
- first_name: Gábor
full_name: Corradi, Gábor
last_name: Corradi
- first_name: László
full_name: Kovács, László
last_name: Kovács
language:
- iso: eng
page: 231-248
place: Basel
project:
- _id: '53'
name: 'TRR 142: TRR 142'
- _id: '55'
name: 'TRR 142 - B: TRR 142 - Project Area B'
- _id: '69'
name: 'TRR 142 - B4: TRR 142 - Subproject B4'
- _id: '54'
name: 'TRR 142 - A: TRR 142 - Project Area A'
- _id: '166'
name: 'TRR 142 - A11: TRR 142 - Subproject A11'
- _id: '168'
name: 'TRR 142 - B07: TRR 142 - Subproject B07'
- _id: '52'
name: 'PC2: Computing Resources Provided by the Paderborn Center for Parallel Computing'
publication: 'New Trends in Lithium Niobate: From Bulk to Nanocrystals'
publication_identifier:
eisbn:
- 978-3-0365-3339-1
isbn:
- 978-3-0365-3340-7
publication_status: published
publisher: MDPI
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Electron polarons in lithium niobate: Charge localization, lattice deformation,
and optical response'
type: book_chapter
user_id: '16199'
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '44088'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'Hole polarons and defect-bound exciton polarons in lithium niobate are investigated
by means of density-functional theory, where the localization of the holes is
achieved by applying the +U approach to the oxygen 2p orbitals. We find three
principal configurations of hole polarons: (i) self-trapped holes localized at
displaced regular oxygen atoms and (ii) two other configurations bound to a lithium
vacancy either at a threefold coordinated oxygen atom above or at a two-fold coordinated
oxygen atom below the defect. The latter is the most stable and is in excellent
quantitative agreement with measured g factors from electron paramagnetic resonance.
Due to the absence of mid-gap states, none of these hole polarons can explain
the broad optical absorption centered between 2.5 and 2.8 eV that is observed
in transient absorption spectroscopy, but such states appear if a free electron
polaron is trapped at the same lithium vacancy as the bound hole polaron, resulting
in an exciton polaron. The dielectric function calculated by solving the Bethe–Salpeter
equation indeed yields an optical peak at 2.6 eV in agreement with the two-photon
experiments. The coexistence of hole and exciton polarons, which are simultaneously
created in optical excitations, thus satisfactorily explains the reported experimental
data.'
article_number: '1586'
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Falko
full_name: Schmidt, Falko
id: '35251'
last_name: Schmidt
orcid: 0000-0002-5071-5528
- first_name: Agnieszka L.
full_name: Kozub, Agnieszka L.
id: '77566'
last_name: Kozub
orcid: 0000-0001-6584-0201
- first_name: Uwe
full_name: Gerstmann, Uwe
id: '171'
last_name: Gerstmann
orcid: 0000-0002-4476-223X
- first_name: Wolf Gero
full_name: Schmidt, Wolf Gero
id: '468'
last_name: Schmidt
orcid: 0000-0002-2717-5076
- first_name: Arno
full_name: Schindlmayr, Arno
id: '458'
last_name: Schindlmayr
orcid: 0000-0002-4855-071X
citation:
ama: Schmidt F, Kozub AL, Gerstmann U, Schmidt WG, Schindlmayr A. A density-functional
theory study of hole and defect-bound exciton polarons in lithium niobate. Crystals.
2022;12(11). doi:10.3390/cryst12111586
apa: Schmidt, F., Kozub, A. L., Gerstmann, U., Schmidt, W. G., & Schindlmayr,
A. (2022). A density-functional theory study of hole and defect-bound exciton
polarons in lithium niobate. Crystals, 12(11), Article 1586. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst12111586
bibtex: '@article{Schmidt_Kozub_Gerstmann_Schmidt_Schindlmayr_2022, title={A density-functional
theory study of hole and defect-bound exciton polarons in lithium niobate}, volume={12},
DOI={10.3390/cryst12111586},
number={111586}, journal={Crystals}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Schmidt, Falko
and Kozub, Agnieszka L. and Gerstmann, Uwe and Schmidt, Wolf Gero and Schindlmayr,
Arno}, year={2022} }'
chicago: Schmidt, Falko, Agnieszka L. Kozub, Uwe Gerstmann, Wolf Gero Schmidt, and
Arno Schindlmayr. “A Density-Functional Theory Study of Hole and Defect-Bound
Exciton Polarons in Lithium Niobate.” Crystals 12, no. 11 (2022). https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst12111586.
ieee: 'F. Schmidt, A. L. Kozub, U. Gerstmann, W. G. Schmidt, and A. Schindlmayr,
“A density-functional theory study of hole and defect-bound exciton polarons in
lithium niobate,” Crystals, vol. 12, no. 11, Art. no. 1586, 2022, doi:
10.3390/cryst12111586.'
mla: Schmidt, Falko, et al. “A Density-Functional Theory Study of Hole and Defect-Bound
Exciton Polarons in Lithium Niobate.” Crystals, vol. 12, no. 11, 1586,
MDPI AG, 2022, doi:10.3390/cryst12111586.
short: F. Schmidt, A.L. Kozub, U. Gerstmann, W.G. Schmidt, A. Schindlmayr, Crystals
12 (2022).
date_created: 2023-04-20T13:52:44Z
date_updated: 2024-03-22T08:47:08Z
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: '15'
- _id: '296'
- _id: '170'
- _id: '295'
- _id: '35'
- _id: '230'
- _id: '429'
doi: 10.3390/cryst12111586
external_id:
isi:
- '000895837200001'
file:
- access_level: open_access
content_type: application/pdf
creator: schindlm
date_created: 2023-06-11T23:59:27Z
date_updated: 2023-06-12T00:22:51Z
description: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC BY
4.0)
file_id: '45570'
file_name: crystals-12-01586-v2.pdf
file_size: 1762554
relation: main_file
title: A density-functional theory study of hole and defect-bound exciton polarons
in lithium niobate
file_date_updated: 2023-06-12T00:22:51Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 12'
isi: '1'
issue: '11'
language:
- iso: eng
oa: '1'
project:
- _id: '53'
grant_number: '231447078'
name: 'TRR 142: TRR 142'
- _id: '54'
name: 'TRR 142 - A: TRR 142 - Project Area A'
- _id: '55'
name: 'TRR 142 - B: TRR 142 - Project Area B'
- _id: '69'
grant_number: '231447078'
name: 'TRR 142 - B04: TRR 142 - Subproject B04'
- _id: '168'
grant_number: '231447078'
name: 'TRR 142 - B07: TRR 142 - Subproject B07'
- _id: '166'
name: 'TRR 142 - A11: TRR 142 - Subproject A11'
- _id: '52'
name: 'PC2: Computing Resources Provided by the Paderborn Center for Parallel Computing'
publication: Crystals
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2073-4352
publication_status: published
publisher: MDPI AG
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: A density-functional theory study of hole and defect-bound exciton polarons
in lithium niobate
type: journal_article
user_id: '458'
volume: 12
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '21946'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Lithium niobate (LiNbO3), a material frequently used in optical applications,
hosts different kinds of polarons that significantly affect many of its physical
properties. In this study, a variety of electron polarons, namely free, bound,
and bipolarons, are analyzed using first-principles calculations. We perform a
full structural optimization based on density-functional theory for selected intrinsic
defects with special attention to the role of symmetry-breaking distortions that
lower the total energy. The cations hosting the various polarons relax to a different
degree, with a larger relaxation corresponding to a larger gap between the defect
level and the conduction-band edge. The projected density of states reveals that
the polaron states are formerly empty Nb 4d states lowered into the band gap.
Optical absorption spectra are derived within the independent-particle approximation,
corrected by the GW approximation that yields a wider band gap and by including
excitonic effects within the Bethe-Salpeter equation. Comparing the calculated
spectra with the density of states, we find that the defect peak observed in the
optical absorption stems from transitions between the defect level and a continuum
of empty Nb 4d states. Signatures of polarons are further analyzed in the reflectivity
and other experimentally measurable optical coefficients.
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Falko
full_name: Schmidt, Falko
id: '35251'
last_name: Schmidt
orcid: 0000-0002-5071-5528
- first_name: Agnieszka L.
full_name: Kozub, Agnieszka L.
id: '77566'
last_name: Kozub
orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6584-0201
- first_name: Uwe
full_name: Gerstmann, Uwe
id: '171'
last_name: Gerstmann
orcid: 0000-0002-4476-223X
- first_name: Wolf Gero
full_name: Schmidt, Wolf Gero
id: '468'
last_name: Schmidt
orcid: 0000-0002-2717-5076
- first_name: Arno
full_name: Schindlmayr, Arno
id: '458'
last_name: Schindlmayr
orcid: 0000-0002-4855-071X
citation:
ama: 'Schmidt F, Kozub AL, Gerstmann U, Schmidt WG, Schindlmayr A. Electron polarons
in lithium niobate: Charge localization, lattice deformation, and optical response.
Crystals. 2021;11:542. doi:10.3390/cryst11050542'
apa: 'Schmidt, F., Kozub, A. L., Gerstmann, U., Schmidt, W. G., & Schindlmayr,
A. (2021). Electron polarons in lithium niobate: Charge localization, lattice
deformation, and optical response. Crystals, 11, 542. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11050542'
bibtex: '@article{Schmidt_Kozub_Gerstmann_Schmidt_Schindlmayr_2021, title={Electron
polarons in lithium niobate: Charge localization, lattice deformation, and optical
response}, volume={11}, DOI={10.3390/cryst11050542},
journal={Crystals}, publisher={MDPI}, author={Schmidt, Falko and Kozub, Agnieszka
L. and Gerstmann, Uwe and Schmidt, Wolf Gero and Schindlmayr, Arno}, year={2021},
pages={542} }'
chicago: 'Schmidt, Falko, Agnieszka L. Kozub, Uwe Gerstmann, Wolf Gero Schmidt,
and Arno Schindlmayr. “Electron Polarons in Lithium Niobate: Charge Localization,
Lattice Deformation, and Optical Response.” Crystals 11 (2021): 542. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11050542.'
ieee: 'F. Schmidt, A. L. Kozub, U. Gerstmann, W. G. Schmidt, and A. Schindlmayr,
“Electron polarons in lithium niobate: Charge localization, lattice deformation,
and optical response,” Crystals, vol. 11, p. 542, 2021, doi: 10.3390/cryst11050542.'
mla: 'Schmidt, Falko, et al. “Electron Polarons in Lithium Niobate: Charge Localization,
Lattice Deformation, and Optical Response.” Crystals, vol. 11, MDPI, 2021,
p. 542, doi:10.3390/cryst11050542.'
short: F. Schmidt, A.L. Kozub, U. Gerstmann, W.G. Schmidt, A. Schindlmayr, Crystals
11 (2021) 542.
date_created: 2021-05-03T09:36:13Z
date_updated: 2023-04-21T11:20:15Z
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: '296'
- _id: '230'
- _id: '429'
- _id: '295'
- _id: '15'
- _id: '170'
- _id: '35'
- _id: '790'
doi: 10.3390/cryst11050542
external_id:
isi:
- '000653822700001'
file:
- access_level: open_access
content_type: application/pdf
creator: schindlm
date_created: 2021-05-13T16:47:11Z
date_updated: 2021-05-13T16:51:41Z
description: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC BY
4.0)
file_id: '22163'
file_name: crystals-11-00542.pdf
file_size: 3042827
relation: main_file
title: 'Electron polarons in lithium niobate: Charge localization, lattice deformation,
and optical response'
file_date_updated: 2021-05-13T16:51:41Z
funded_apc: '1'
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 11'
isi: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
oa: '1'
page: '542'
project:
- _id: '53'
name: TRR 142
- _id: '55'
name: TRR 142 - Project Area B
- _id: '69'
name: TRR 142 - Subproject B4
- _id: '52'
name: Computing Resources Provided by the Paderborn Center for Parallel Computing
- _id: '52'
name: 'PC2: Computing Resources Provided by the Paderborn Center for Parallel Computing'
publication: Crystals
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2073-4352
publication_status: published
publisher: MDPI
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Electron polarons in lithium niobate: Charge localization, lattice deformation,
and optical response'
type: journal_article
user_id: '171'
volume: 11
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '23418'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Density-functional theory within a Berry-phase formulation of the dynamical
polarization is used to determine the second-order susceptibility χ(2) of lithium
niobate (LiNbO3). Defect trapped polarons and bipolarons are found to strongly
enhance the nonlinear susceptibility of the material, in particular if localized
at NbV–VLi defect pairs. This is essentially a consequence of the polaronic excitation
resulting in relaxation-induced gap states. The occupation of these levels leads
to strongly enhanced χ(2) coefficients and allows for the spatial and transient
modification of the second-harmonic generation of macroscopic samples.
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Agnieszka L.
full_name: Kozub, Agnieszka L.
id: '77566'
last_name: Kozub
orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6584-0201
- first_name: Arno
full_name: Schindlmayr, Arno
id: '458'
last_name: Schindlmayr
orcid: 0000-0002-4855-071X
- first_name: Uwe
full_name: Gerstmann, Uwe
id: '171'
last_name: Gerstmann
orcid: 0000-0002-4476-223X
- first_name: Wolf Gero
full_name: Schmidt, Wolf Gero
id: '468'
last_name: Schmidt
orcid: 0000-0002-2717-5076
citation:
ama: Kozub AL, Schindlmayr A, Gerstmann U, Schmidt WG. Polaronic enhancement of
second-harmonic generation in lithium niobate. Physical Review B. 2021;104:174110.
doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.104.174110
apa: Kozub, A. L., Schindlmayr, A., Gerstmann, U., & Schmidt, W. G. (2021).
Polaronic enhancement of second-harmonic generation in lithium niobate. Physical
Review B, 104, 174110. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.104.174110
bibtex: '@article{Kozub_Schindlmayr_Gerstmann_Schmidt_2021, title={Polaronic enhancement
of second-harmonic generation in lithium niobate}, volume={104}, DOI={10.1103/PhysRevB.104.174110},
journal={Physical Review B}, publisher={American Physical Society}, author={Kozub,
Agnieszka L. and Schindlmayr, Arno and Gerstmann, Uwe and Schmidt, Wolf Gero},
year={2021}, pages={174110} }'
chicago: 'Kozub, Agnieszka L., Arno Schindlmayr, Uwe Gerstmann, and Wolf Gero Schmidt.
“Polaronic Enhancement of Second-Harmonic Generation in Lithium Niobate.” Physical
Review B 104 (2021): 174110. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.104.174110.'
ieee: 'A. L. Kozub, A. Schindlmayr, U. Gerstmann, and W. G. Schmidt, “Polaronic
enhancement of second-harmonic generation in lithium niobate,” Physical Review
B, vol. 104, p. 174110, 2021, doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.104.174110.'
mla: Kozub, Agnieszka L., et al. “Polaronic Enhancement of Second-Harmonic Generation
in Lithium Niobate.” Physical Review B, vol. 104, American Physical Society,
2021, p. 174110, doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.104.174110.
short: A.L. Kozub, A. Schindlmayr, U. Gerstmann, W.G. Schmidt, Physical Review B
104 (2021) 174110.
date_created: 2021-08-16T19:09:46Z
date_updated: 2023-04-21T11:15:30Z
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: '296'
- _id: '230'
- _id: '429'
- _id: '295'
- _id: '15'
- _id: '170'
- _id: '790'
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.104.174110
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2106.01145'
isi:
- '000720931400007'
file:
- access_level: open_access
content_type: application/pdf
creator: schindlm
date_created: 2021-11-18T20:49:19Z
date_updated: 2021-11-18T20:49:19Z
description: © 2021 American Physical Society
file_id: '27577'
file_name: PhysRevB.104.174110.pdf
file_size: 804012
relation: main_file
title: Polaronic enhancement of second-harmonic generation in lithium niobate
file_date_updated: 2021-11-18T20:49:19Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 104'
isi: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
oa: '1'
page: '174110'
project:
- _id: '53'
name: TRR 142
- _id: '55'
name: TRR 142 - Project Area B
- _id: '69'
name: TRR 142 - Subproject B4
- _id: '52'
name: 'PC2: Computing Resources Provided by the Paderborn Center for Parallel Computing'
publication: Physical Review B
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2469-9969
issn:
- 2469-9950
publication_status: published
publisher: American Physical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Polaronic enhancement of second-harmonic generation in lithium niobate
type: journal_article
user_id: '171'
volume: 104
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '19190'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Polarons in dielectric crystals play a crucial role for applications in integrated
electronics and optoelectronics. In this work, we use density-functional theory
and Green's function methods to explore the microscopic structure and spectroscopic
signatures of electron polarons in lithium niobate (LiNbO3). Total-energy calculations
and the comparison of calculated electron paramagnetic resonance data with available
measurements reveal the formation of bound \r\npolarons at Nb_Li antisite defects
with a quasi-Jahn-Teller distorted, tilted configuration. The defect-formation
energies further indicate that (bi)polarons may form not only at \r\nNb_Li antisites
but also at structures where the antisite Nb atom moves into a neighboring empty
oxygen octahedron. Based on these structure models, and on the calculated charge-transition
levels and potential-energy barriers, we propose two mechanisms for the optical
and thermal splitting of bipolarons, which provide a natural explanation for the
reported two-path recombination of bipolarons. Optical-response calculations based
on the Bethe-Salpeter equation, in combination with available experimental data
and new measurements of the optical absorption spectrum, further corroborate the
geometries proposed here for free and defect-bound (bi)polarons."
article_number: '043002'
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Falko
full_name: Schmidt, Falko
id: '35251'
last_name: Schmidt
orcid: 0000-0002-5071-5528
- first_name: Agnieszka L.
full_name: Kozub, Agnieszka L.
id: '77566'
last_name: Kozub
orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6584-0201
- first_name: Timur
full_name: Biktagirov, Timur
id: '65612'
last_name: Biktagirov
- first_name: Christof
full_name: Eigner, Christof
id: '13244'
last_name: Eigner
orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5693-3083
- first_name: Christine
full_name: Silberhorn, Christine
id: '26263'
last_name: Silberhorn
- first_name: Arno
full_name: Schindlmayr, Arno
id: '458'
last_name: Schindlmayr
orcid: 0000-0002-4855-071X
- first_name: Wolf Gero
full_name: Schmidt, Wolf Gero
id: '468'
last_name: Schmidt
orcid: 0000-0002-2717-5076
- first_name: Uwe
full_name: Gerstmann, Uwe
id: '171'
last_name: Gerstmann
orcid: 0000-0002-4476-223X
citation:
ama: 'Schmidt F, Kozub AL, Biktagirov T, et al. Free and defect-bound (bi)polarons
in LiNbO3: Atomic structure and spectroscopic signatures from ab initio calculations.
Physical Review Research. 2020;2(4). doi:10.1103/PhysRevResearch.2.043002'
apa: 'Schmidt, F., Kozub, A. L., Biktagirov, T., Eigner, C., Silberhorn, C., Schindlmayr,
A., Schmidt, W. G., & Gerstmann, U. (2020). Free and defect-bound (bi)polarons
in LiNbO3: Atomic structure and spectroscopic signatures from ab initio calculations.
Physical Review Research, 2(4), Article 043002. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.2.043002'
bibtex: '@article{Schmidt_Kozub_Biktagirov_Eigner_Silberhorn_Schindlmayr_Schmidt_Gerstmann_2020,
title={Free and defect-bound (bi)polarons in LiNbO3: Atomic structure and spectroscopic
signatures from ab initio calculations}, volume={2}, DOI={10.1103/PhysRevResearch.2.043002},
number={4043002}, journal={Physical Review Research}, publisher={American Physical
Society}, author={Schmidt, Falko and Kozub, Agnieszka L. and Biktagirov, Timur
and Eigner, Christof and Silberhorn, Christine and Schindlmayr, Arno and Schmidt,
Wolf Gero and Gerstmann, Uwe}, year={2020} }'
chicago: 'Schmidt, Falko, Agnieszka L. Kozub, Timur Biktagirov, Christof Eigner,
Christine Silberhorn, Arno Schindlmayr, Wolf Gero Schmidt, and Uwe Gerstmann.
“Free and Defect-Bound (Bi)Polarons in LiNbO3: Atomic Structure and Spectroscopic
Signatures from Ab Initio Calculations.” Physical Review Research 2, no.
4 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.2.043002.'
ieee: 'F. Schmidt et al., “Free and defect-bound (bi)polarons in LiNbO3:
Atomic structure and spectroscopic signatures from ab initio calculations,” Physical
Review Research, vol. 2, no. 4, Art. no. 043002, 2020, doi: 10.1103/PhysRevResearch.2.043002.'
mla: 'Schmidt, Falko, et al. “Free and Defect-Bound (Bi)Polarons in LiNbO3: Atomic
Structure and Spectroscopic Signatures from Ab Initio Calculations.” Physical
Review Research, vol. 2, no. 4, 043002, American Physical Society, 2020, doi:10.1103/PhysRevResearch.2.043002.'
short: F. Schmidt, A.L. Kozub, T. Biktagirov, C. Eigner, C. Silberhorn, A. Schindlmayr,
W.G. Schmidt, U. Gerstmann, Physical Review Research 2 (2020).
date_created: 2020-09-09T09:35:21Z
date_updated: 2023-04-20T16:06:21Z
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: '296'
- _id: '230'
- _id: '429'
- _id: '295'
- _id: '288'
- _id: '15'
- _id: '170'
- _id: '35'
- _id: '790'
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevResearch.2.043002
external_id:
isi:
- '000604206300002'
file:
- access_level: open_access
content_type: application/pdf
creator: schindlm
date_created: 2020-10-02T07:27:38Z
date_updated: 2020-10-02T07:37:24Z
description: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC BY
4.0)
file_id: '19843'
file_name: PhysRevResearch.2.043002.pdf
file_size: 1955183
relation: main_file
title: 'Free and defect-bound (bi)polarons in LiNbO3: Atomic structure and spectroscopic
signatures from ab initio calculations'
file_date_updated: 2020-10-02T07:37:24Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 2'
isi: '1'
issue: '4'
language:
- iso: eng
oa: '1'
project:
- _id: '53'
name: TRR 142
- _id: '55'
name: TRR 142 - Project Area B
- _id: '69'
name: TRR 142 - Subproject B4
- _id: '52'
name: Computing Resources Provided by the Paderborn Center for Parallel Computing
- _id: '52'
name: 'PC2: Computing Resources Provided by the Paderborn Center for Parallel Computing'
publication: Physical Review Research
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2643-1564
publication_status: published
publisher: American Physical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Free and defect-bound (bi)polarons in LiNbO3: Atomic structure and spectroscopic
signatures from ab initio calculations'
type: journal_article
user_id: '16199'
volume: 2
year: '2020'
...