[{"status":"public","user_id":"98967","volume":31,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","_id":"65665","project":[{"_id":"449","name":"ESN4NW: Energieoptimierte Supercomputer-Netzwerke durch die Nutzung von Windenergie"}],"citation":{"chicago":"Ahmadi, Mehdi, Florian Schlosser, Denis Divkovic, and Henning Meschede. “Cost-Effective and Low-Carbon Cooling Strategies for Data Centers Integrated into Wind Turbine Towers.” <i>Energy Conversion and Management: X</i> 31 (2026). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.101930\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.101930</a>.","short":"M. Ahmadi, F. Schlosser, D. Divkovic, H. Meschede, Energy Conversion and Management: X 31 (2026).","apa":"Ahmadi, M., Schlosser, F., Divkovic, D., &#38; Meschede, H. (2026). Cost-effective and low-carbon cooling strategies for data centers integrated into wind turbine towers. <i>Energy Conversion and Management: X</i>, <i>31</i>, Article 101930. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.101930\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.101930</a>","ieee":"M. Ahmadi, F. Schlosser, D. Divkovic, and H. Meschede, “Cost-effective and low-carbon cooling strategies for data centers integrated into wind turbine towers,” <i>Energy Conversion and Management: X</i>, vol. 31, Art. no. 101930, 2026, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.101930\">10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.101930</a>.","ama":"Ahmadi M, Schlosser F, Divkovic D, Meschede H. Cost-effective and low-carbon cooling strategies for data centers integrated into wind turbine towers. <i>Energy Conversion and Management: X</i>. 2026;31. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.101930\">10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.101930</a>","bibtex":"@article{Ahmadi_Schlosser_Divkovic_Meschede_2026, title={Cost-effective and low-carbon cooling strategies for data centers integrated into wind turbine towers}, volume={31}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.101930\">10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.101930</a>}, number={101930}, journal={Energy Conversion and Management: X}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Ahmadi, Mehdi and Schlosser, Florian and Divkovic, Denis and Meschede, Henning}, year={2026} }","mla":"Ahmadi, Mehdi, et al. “Cost-Effective and Low-Carbon Cooling Strategies for Data Centers Integrated into Wind Turbine Towers.” <i>Energy Conversion and Management: X</i>, vol. 31, 101930, Elsevier BV, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.101930\">10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.101930</a>."},"publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2026-05-20T13:33:48Z","intvolume":"        31","title":"Cost-effective and low-carbon cooling strategies for data centers integrated into wind turbine towers","year":"2026","author":[{"id":"98967","last_name":"Ahmadi","first_name":"Mehdi","full_name":"Ahmadi, Mehdi"},{"id":"88614","full_name":"Schlosser, Florian","first_name":"Florian","last_name":"Schlosser"},{"last_name":"Divkovic","first_name":"Denis","full_name":"Divkovic, Denis","id":"89059"},{"full_name":"Meschede, Henning","first_name":"Henning","last_name":"Meschede"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2590-1745"]},"doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.101930","article_number":"101930","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"Energy Conversion and Management: X","type":"journal_article","department":[{"_id":"644"}],"date_created":"2026-05-20T13:18:46Z"},{"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0196890426006837"}],"article_number":"121714","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121714","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0196-8904"]},"author":[{"orcid":"0009-0006-8106-2132","last_name":"Rahlf","first_name":"Henning Christoph","full_name":"Rahlf, Henning Christoph","id":"56955"},{"id":"89059","full_name":"Divkovic, Denis","last_name":"Divkovic","first_name":"Denis"},{"full_name":"Knorr, Lukas","orcid":"0009-0005-4727-7511","first_name":"Lukas","last_name":"Knorr","id":"90391"},{"first_name":"Florian","last_name":"Schlosser","full_name":"Schlosser, Florian","id":"88614"},{"id":"86954","first_name":"Henning","last_name":"Meschede","orcid":"0000-0002-1538-089X","full_name":"Meschede, Henning"}],"year":"2026","title":"Flexible operation strategies for heat pumps in district heating systems using dynamic electricity prices","intvolume":"       364","article_type":"original","date_updated":"2026-06-03T06:44:31Z","publication_status":"published","date_created":"2026-06-03T06:34:27Z","department":[{"_id":"644"},{"_id":"534"}],"keyword":["Heat transition","Optimisation","Temperature flexibility","Decarbonisation","Multi energy"],"type":"journal_article","publication":"Energy Conversion and Management","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Electrifying the heating sector is essential for achieving global climate targets like the Paris Agreement’s 1.5 °C goal. In Germany, where 80  % of household energy goes to space heating and hot water, shifting to low-carbon solutions is crucial. Fossil-fuelled district heating networks can incorporate renewable energy via heat pumps, improving efficiency. Although heat pump design typically favours minimal temperature lifts, higher lifts can be economically viable with low electricity prices and abundant renewables. Adding thermal energy storage boosts operational flexibility. This study explores a flexible heat pump operation incorporating part load behaviour with a thermal energy storage in a German city’s district heating system to minimise costs and carbon dioxide emissions. Using a mixed-integer linear programming model, it examines the impact of temperature adjustments and storage on system efficiency. The results show that the integration of a heat pump in a district heating system reduces operating costs. Compared to a supply without a heat pump, with levelised cost of heating of 9.98 cent/kWhth and a fixed operating mode with costs between 9.96 cent/kWhth and 11.49 cent/kWhth, the flexible use results in lowest costs of 9.85 cent/kWhth, while also reducing overall CO2 emissions. Using a full factorial sensitivity analysis, the levelised cost of heating ranged between 9.15 cent/kWhth in the best case and 10.37 cent/kWhth in the worst case for the selected configuration."}],"publisher":"Elsevier BV","_id":"65757","volume":364,"user_id":"56955","status":"public","oa":"1","citation":{"short":"H.C. Rahlf, D. Divkovic, L. Knorr, F. Schlosser, H. Meschede, Energy Conversion and Management 364 (2026).","chicago":"Rahlf, Henning Christoph, Denis Divkovic, Lukas Knorr, Florian Schlosser, and Henning Meschede. “Flexible Operation Strategies for Heat Pumps in District Heating Systems Using Dynamic Electricity Prices.” <i>Energy Conversion and Management</i> 364 (2026). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121714\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121714</a>.","ieee":"H. C. Rahlf, D. Divkovic, L. Knorr, F. Schlosser, and H. Meschede, “Flexible operation strategies for heat pumps in district heating systems using dynamic electricity prices,” <i>Energy Conversion and Management</i>, vol. 364, Art. no. 121714, 2026, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121714\">10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121714</a>.","apa":"Rahlf, H. C., Divkovic, D., Knorr, L., Schlosser, F., &#38; Meschede, H. (2026). Flexible operation strategies for heat pumps in district heating systems using dynamic electricity prices. <i>Energy Conversion and Management</i>, <i>364</i>, Article 121714. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121714\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121714</a>","bibtex":"@article{Rahlf_Divkovic_Knorr_Schlosser_Meschede_2026, title={Flexible operation strategies for heat pumps in district heating systems using dynamic electricity prices}, volume={364}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121714\">10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121714</a>}, number={121714}, journal={Energy Conversion and Management}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Rahlf, Henning Christoph and Divkovic, Denis and Knorr, Lukas and Schlosser, Florian and Meschede, Henning}, year={2026} }","ama":"Rahlf HC, Divkovic D, Knorr L, Schlosser F, Meschede H. Flexible operation strategies for heat pumps in district heating systems using dynamic electricity prices. <i>Energy Conversion and Management</i>. 2026;364. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121714\">10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121714</a>","mla":"Rahlf, Henning Christoph, et al. “Flexible Operation Strategies for Heat Pumps in District Heating Systems Using Dynamic Electricity Prices.” <i>Energy Conversion and Management</i>, vol. 364, 121714, Elsevier BV, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121714\">10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121714</a>."},"project":[{"name":"FlexLabQuartier","_id":"1495"}]},{"intvolume":"       216","date_updated":"2025-04-11T23:29:57Z","publication_status":"published","author":[{"full_name":"Knorr, Lukas","last_name":"Knorr","first_name":"Lukas","id":"90391"},{"full_name":"Buchenau, N.","last_name":"Buchenau","first_name":"N."},{"full_name":"Schlosser, Florian","first_name":"Florian","last_name":"Schlosser","id":"88614"},{"last_name":"Divkovic","first_name":"Denis","full_name":"Divkovic, Denis","id":"89059"},{"full_name":"Prina, M.G.","last_name":"Prina","first_name":"M.G."},{"id":"86954","first_name":"Henning","last_name":"Meschede","orcid":"0000-0002-1538-089X","full_name":"Meschede, Henning"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["1364-0321"]},"status":"public","title":"Electrification and flexibility of process heat in energy system modelling: A review","year":"2025","volume":216,"doi":"10.1016/j.rser.2025.115698","user_id":"90391","_id":"59532","publisher":"Elsevier BV","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"article_number":"115698","citation":{"short":"L. Knorr, N. Buchenau, F. Schlosser, D. Divkovic, M.G. Prina, H. Meschede, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 216 (2025).","chicago":"Knorr, Lukas, N. Buchenau, Florian Schlosser, Denis Divkovic, M.G. Prina, and Henning Meschede. “Electrification and Flexibility of Process Heat in Energy System Modelling: A Review.” <i>Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews</i> 216 (2025). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2025.115698\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2025.115698</a>.","ieee":"L. Knorr, N. Buchenau, F. Schlosser, D. Divkovic, M. G. Prina, and H. Meschede, “Electrification and flexibility of process heat in energy system modelling: A review,” <i>Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews</i>, vol. 216, Art. no. 115698, 2025, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2025.115698\">10.1016/j.rser.2025.115698</a>.","apa":"Knorr, L., Buchenau, N., Schlosser, F., Divkovic, D., Prina, M. G., &#38; Meschede, H. (2025). Electrification and flexibility of process heat in energy system modelling: A review. <i>Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews</i>, <i>216</i>, Article 115698. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2025.115698\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2025.115698</a>","bibtex":"@article{Knorr_Buchenau_Schlosser_Divkovic_Prina_Meschede_2025, title={Electrification and flexibility of process heat in energy system modelling: A review}, volume={216}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2025.115698\">10.1016/j.rser.2025.115698</a>}, number={115698}, journal={Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Knorr, Lukas and Buchenau, N. and Schlosser, Florian and Divkovic, Denis and Prina, M.G. and Meschede, Henning}, year={2025} }","ama":"Knorr L, Buchenau N, Schlosser F, Divkovic D, Prina MG, Meschede H. Electrification and flexibility of process heat in energy system modelling: A review. <i>Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews</i>. 2025;216. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2025.115698\">10.1016/j.rser.2025.115698</a>","mla":"Knorr, Lukas, et al. “Electrification and Flexibility of Process Heat in Energy System Modelling: A Review.” <i>Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews</i>, vol. 216, 115698, Elsevier BV, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2025.115698\">10.1016/j.rser.2025.115698</a>."},"publication":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews","department":[{"_id":"644"}],"type":"journal_article","date_created":"2025-04-11T23:29:30Z"},{"project":[{"name":"DynOpt-San - Digital unterstützte und modulare Sanierung von\r\nMehrfamilienhäusern in Quartieren mit PVT-PCM-Wärmepumpensystemen und selbstlernendem Energiemanagement","_id":"1094"}],"citation":{"mla":"Kirschbaum, Julia, et al. “From Demand to Action: Analysing Building Emissions and Refurbishment Scenarios towards Climate Neutrality.” <i>Applied Energy</i>, vol. 396, 126302, Elsevier BV, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.126302\">10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.126302</a>.","bibtex":"@article{Kirschbaum_Divkovic_Meschede_2025, title={From demand to action: Analysing building emissions and refurbishment scenarios towards climate neutrality}, volume={396}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.126302\">10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.126302</a>}, number={126302}, journal={Applied Energy}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Kirschbaum, Julia and Divkovic, Denis and Meschede, Henning}, year={2025} }","ama":"Kirschbaum J, Divkovic D, Meschede H. From demand to action: Analysing building emissions and refurbishment scenarios towards climate neutrality. <i>Applied Energy</i>. 2025;396. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.126302\">10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.126302</a>","ieee":"J. Kirschbaum, D. Divkovic, and H. Meschede, “From demand to action: Analysing building emissions and refurbishment scenarios towards climate neutrality,” <i>Applied Energy</i>, vol. 396, Art. no. 126302, 2025, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.126302\">10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.126302</a>.","apa":"Kirschbaum, J., Divkovic, D., &#38; Meschede, H. (2025). From demand to action: Analysing building emissions and refurbishment scenarios towards climate neutrality. <i>Applied Energy</i>, <i>396</i>, Article 126302. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.126302\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.126302</a>","chicago":"Kirschbaum, Julia, Denis Divkovic, and Henning Meschede. “From Demand to Action: Analysing Building Emissions and Refurbishment Scenarios towards Climate Neutrality.” <i>Applied Energy</i> 396 (2025). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.126302\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.126302</a>.","short":"J. Kirschbaum, D. Divkovic, H. Meschede, Applied Energy 396 (2025)."},"status":"public","user_id":"98813","volume":396,"_id":"61770","publisher":"Elsevier BV","publication":"Applied Energy","type":"journal_article","department":[{"_id":"644"}],"date_created":"2025-10-09T13:05:03Z","date_updated":"2025-10-09T13:12:39Z","publication_status":"published","intvolume":"       396","title":"From demand to action: Analysing building emissions and refurbishment scenarios towards climate neutrality","year":"2025","author":[{"id":"98813","last_name":"Kirschbaum","first_name":"Julia","full_name":"Kirschbaum, Julia"},{"first_name":"Denis","last_name":"Divkovic","full_name":"Divkovic, Denis","id":"89059"},{"id":"86954","last_name":"Meschede","first_name":"Henning","orcid":"0000-0002-1538-089X","full_name":"Meschede, Henning"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0306-2619"]},"doi":"10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.126302","article_number":"126302","language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"publication":"Energy","citation":{"short":"D. Divkovic, L. Knorr, R. Schwesig, H. Meschede, Energy 301 (2024).","chicago":"Divkovic, Denis, Lukas Knorr, Ramon Schwesig, and Henning Meschede. “Effects on Dimensioning of Heat Supply Technologies for District Heating under Consideration of Future Developments Regarding Investment Costs and Emission Factors.” <i>Energy</i> 301 (2024). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2024.131663\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2024.131663</a>.","apa":"Divkovic, D., Knorr, L., Schwesig, R., &#38; Meschede, H. (2024). Effects on dimensioning of heat supply technologies for district heating under consideration of future developments regarding investment costs and emission factors. <i>Energy</i>, <i>301</i>, Article 131663. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2024.131663\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2024.131663</a>","ieee":"D. Divkovic, L. Knorr, R. Schwesig, and H. Meschede, “Effects on dimensioning of heat supply technologies for district heating under consideration of future developments regarding investment costs and emission factors,” <i>Energy</i>, vol. 301, Art. no. 131663, 2024, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2024.131663\">10.1016/j.energy.2024.131663</a>.","ama":"Divkovic D, Knorr L, Schwesig R, Meschede H. Effects on dimensioning of heat supply technologies for district heating under consideration of future developments regarding investment costs and emission factors. <i>Energy</i>. 2024;301. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2024.131663\">10.1016/j.energy.2024.131663</a>","bibtex":"@article{Divkovic_Knorr_Schwesig_Meschede_2024, title={Effects on dimensioning of heat supply technologies for district heating under consideration of future developments regarding investment costs and emission factors}, volume={301}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2024.131663\">10.1016/j.energy.2024.131663</a>}, number={131663}, journal={Energy}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Divkovic, Denis and Knorr, Lukas and Schwesig, Ramon and Meschede, Henning}, year={2024} }","mla":"Divkovic, Denis, et al. “Effects on Dimensioning of Heat Supply Technologies for District Heating under Consideration of Future Developments Regarding Investment Costs and Emission Factors.” <i>Energy</i>, vol. 301, 131663, Elsevier BV, 2024, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2024.131663\">10.1016/j.energy.2024.131663</a>."},"type":"journal_article","date_created":"2024-05-27T10:55:17Z","publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2024-08-01T12:53:10Z","intvolume":"       301","status":"public","title":"Effects on dimensioning of heat supply technologies for district heating under consideration of future developments regarding investment costs and emission factors","year":"2024","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0360-5442"]},"author":[{"id":"89059","first_name":"Denis","last_name":"Divkovic","full_name":"Divkovic, Denis"},{"first_name":"Lukas","last_name":"Knorr","full_name":"Knorr, Lukas","id":"90391"},{"full_name":"Schwesig, Ramon","first_name":"Ramon","last_name":"Schwesig"},{"full_name":"Meschede, Henning","last_name":"Meschede","first_name":"Henning","orcid":"0000-0002-1538-089X","id":"86954"}],"user_id":"89059","doi":"10.1016/j.energy.2024.131663","volume":301,"article_number":"131663","_id":"54461","publisher":"Elsevier BV","language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"date_updated":"2025-06-02T08:16:17Z","author":[{"full_name":"Divkovic, Denis","first_name":"Denis","last_name":"Divkovic","id":"89059"},{"last_name":"Kirschbaum","first_name":"Julia","full_name":"Kirschbaum, Julia","id":"98813"},{"id":"56955","orcid":"0009-0006-8106-2132","last_name":"Rahlf","first_name":"Henning Christoph","full_name":"Rahlf, Henning Christoph"},{"id":"90391","last_name":"Knorr","first_name":"Lukas","full_name":"Knorr, Lukas"},{"full_name":"Meschede, Henning","orcid":"0000-0002-1538-089X","first_name":"Henning","last_name":"Meschede","id":"86954"}],"title":"Optimising Heat Planning: Cost effective heat planning for low carbon district heating","status":"public","year":"2024","user_id":"89059","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"60086","publisher":"International Conference on Smart Energy Systems","citation":{"short":"D. Divkovic, J. Kirschbaum, H.C. Rahlf, L. Knorr, H. Meschede, Optimising Heat Planning: Cost Effective Heat Planning for Low Carbon District Heating, International Conference on Smart Energy Systems, Aalborg, 2024.","chicago":"Divkovic, Denis, Julia Kirschbaum, Henning Christoph Rahlf, Lukas Knorr, and Henning Meschede. <i>Optimising Heat Planning: Cost Effective Heat Planning for Low Carbon District Heating</i>. Aalborg: International Conference on Smart Energy Systems, 2024.","apa":"Divkovic, D., Kirschbaum, J., Rahlf, H. C., Knorr, L., &#38; Meschede, H. (2024). <i>Optimising Heat Planning: Cost effective heat planning for low carbon district heating</i>. International Conference on Smart Energy Systems.","ieee":"D. Divkovic, J. Kirschbaum, H. C. Rahlf, L. Knorr, and H. Meschede, <i>Optimising Heat Planning: Cost effective heat planning for low carbon district heating</i>. Aalborg: International Conference on Smart Energy Systems, 2024.","ama":"Divkovic D, Kirschbaum J, Rahlf HC, Knorr L, Meschede H. <i>Optimising Heat Planning: Cost Effective Heat Planning for Low Carbon District Heating</i>. International Conference on Smart Energy Systems; 2024.","bibtex":"@book{Divkovic_Kirschbaum_Rahlf_Knorr_Meschede_2024, place={Aalborg}, title={Optimising Heat Planning: Cost effective heat planning for low carbon district heating}, publisher={International Conference on Smart Energy Systems}, author={Divkovic, Denis and Kirschbaum, Julia and Rahlf, Henning Christoph and Knorr, Lukas and Meschede, Henning}, year={2024} }","mla":"Divkovic, Denis, et al. <i>Optimising Heat Planning: Cost Effective Heat Planning for Low Carbon District Heating</i>. International Conference on Smart Energy Systems, 2024."},"supervisor":[{"id":"86954","last_name":"Meschede","first_name":"Henning","orcid":"0000-0002-1538-089X","full_name":"Meschede, Henning"}],"type":"misc","date_created":"2025-06-02T08:16:09Z","place":"Aalborg"},{"citation":{"ama":"Knorr L, Schlosser F, Divkovic D, Buchenau N, Meschede H. <i>Energy Flexibility and Electrification of Industrial Process Heat: A Review</i>. 19th SDEWES Conference; 2024.","bibtex":"@book{Knorr_Schlosser_Divkovic_Buchenau_Meschede_2024, place={Rome}, title={Energy Flexibility and Electrification of Industrial Process Heat: A Review}, publisher={19th SDEWES Conference}, author={Knorr, Lukas and Schlosser, Florian and Divkovic, Denis and Buchenau, Nadja and Meschede, Henning}, year={2024} }","mla":"Knorr, Lukas, et al. <i>Energy Flexibility and Electrification of Industrial Process Heat: A Review</i>. 19th SDEWES Conference, 2024.","short":"L. Knorr, F. Schlosser, D. Divkovic, N. Buchenau, H. Meschede, Energy Flexibility and Electrification of Industrial Process Heat: A Review, 19th SDEWES Conference, Rome, 2024.","chicago":"Knorr, Lukas, Florian Schlosser, Denis Divkovic, Nadja Buchenau, and Henning Meschede. <i>Energy Flexibility and Electrification of Industrial Process Heat: A Review</i>. Rome: 19th SDEWES Conference, 2024.","apa":"Knorr, L., Schlosser, F., Divkovic, D., Buchenau, N., &#38; Meschede, H. (2024). <i>Energy Flexibility and Electrification of Industrial Process Heat: A Review</i>. 19th SDEWES Conference.","ieee":"L. Knorr, F. Schlosser, D. Divkovic, N. Buchenau, and H. Meschede, <i>Energy Flexibility and Electrification of Industrial Process Heat: A Review</i>. Rome: 19th SDEWES Conference, 2024."},"type":"misc","department":[{"_id":"644"}],"date_created":"2025-04-01T22:51:09Z","place":"Rome","date_updated":"2025-04-01T22:51:16Z","status":"public","title":"Energy Flexibility and Electrification of Industrial Process Heat: A Review","year":"2024","author":[{"full_name":"Knorr, Lukas","last_name":"Knorr","first_name":"Lukas","id":"90391"},{"first_name":"Florian","last_name":"Schlosser","full_name":"Schlosser, Florian","id":"88614"},{"first_name":"Denis","last_name":"Divkovic","full_name":"Divkovic, Denis","id":"89059"},{"last_name":"Buchenau","first_name":"Nadja","full_name":"Buchenau, Nadja"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-1538-089X","last_name":"Meschede","first_name":"Henning","full_name":"Meschede, Henning","id":"86954"}],"user_id":"90391","_id":"59234","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publisher":"19th SDEWES Conference"},{"article_number":"123417","publisher":"Elsevier BV","_id":"54459","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"user_id":"90391","doi":"10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.123417","volume":368,"status":"public","title":"Flexible operation and integration of high-temperature heat pumps using large temperature glides","year":"2024","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0306-2619"]},"author":[{"id":"90391","first_name":"Lukas","last_name":"Knorr","full_name":"Knorr, Lukas"},{"id":"88614","last_name":"Schlosser","first_name":"Florian","full_name":"Schlosser, Florian"},{"full_name":"Horstmann, Nils","first_name":"Nils","last_name":"Horstmann"},{"id":"89059","first_name":"Denis","last_name":"Divkovic","full_name":"Divkovic, Denis"},{"last_name":"Meschede","orcid":"0000-0002-1538-089X","first_name":"Henning","full_name":"Meschede, Henning","id":"86954"}],"publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2025-09-03T12:21:47Z","intvolume":"       368","date_created":"2024-05-27T10:29:14Z","type":"journal_article","department":[{"_id":"644"}],"publication":"Applied Energy","citation":{"mla":"Knorr, Lukas, et al. “Flexible Operation and Integration of High-Temperature Heat Pumps Using Large Temperature Glides.” <i>Applied Energy</i>, vol. 368, 123417, Elsevier BV, 2024, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.123417\">10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.123417</a>.","bibtex":"@article{Knorr_Schlosser_Horstmann_Divkovic_Meschede_2024, title={Flexible operation and integration of high-temperature heat pumps using large temperature glides}, volume={368}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.123417\">10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.123417</a>}, number={123417}, journal={Applied Energy}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Knorr, Lukas and Schlosser, Florian and Horstmann, Nils and Divkovic, Denis and Meschede, Henning}, year={2024} }","ama":"Knorr L, Schlosser F, Horstmann N, Divkovic D, Meschede H. Flexible operation and integration of high-temperature heat pumps using large temperature glides. <i>Applied Energy</i>. 2024;368. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.123417\">10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.123417</a>","ieee":"L. Knorr, F. Schlosser, N. Horstmann, D. Divkovic, and H. Meschede, “Flexible operation and integration of high-temperature heat pumps using large temperature glides,” <i>Applied Energy</i>, vol. 368, Art. no. 123417, 2024, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.123417\">10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.123417</a>.","apa":"Knorr, L., Schlosser, F., Horstmann, N., Divkovic, D., &#38; Meschede, H. (2024). Flexible operation and integration of high-temperature heat pumps using large temperature glides. <i>Applied Energy</i>, <i>368</i>, Article 123417. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.123417\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.123417</a>","chicago":"Knorr, Lukas, Florian Schlosser, Nils Horstmann, Denis Divkovic, and Henning Meschede. “Flexible Operation and Integration of High-Temperature Heat Pumps Using Large Temperature Glides.” <i>Applied Energy</i> 368 (2024). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.123417\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.123417</a>.","short":"L. Knorr, F. Schlosser, N. Horstmann, D. Divkovic, H. Meschede, Applied Energy 368 (2024)."}},{"date_created":"2024-08-13T07:56:52Z","place":"Islamabad, Pakistan","type":"misc","citation":{"mla":"Divkovic, Denis, and Henning Meschede. <i>Decarbonisation and Extension of Existing District Heating Systems in German Cities</i>. University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, 2023.","bibtex":"@book{Divkovic_Meschede_2023, place={Islamabad, Pakistan}, series={Planning in Germany and Pakistan:  Responding Challenges of Climate Change through Intercultural Dialogue}, title={Decarbonisation and extension of existing district heating systems in German cities}, publisher={University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore}, author={Divkovic, Denis and Meschede, Henning}, year={2023}, collection={Planning in Germany and Pakistan:  Responding Challenges of Climate Change through Intercultural Dialogue} }","ama":"Divkovic D, Meschede H. <i>Decarbonisation and Extension of Existing District Heating Systems in German Cities</i>. University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore; 2023.","ieee":"D. Divkovic and H. Meschede, <i>Decarbonisation and extension of existing district heating systems in German cities</i>. Islamabad, Pakistan: University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, 2023.","apa":"Divkovic, D., &#38; Meschede, H. (2023). <i>Decarbonisation and extension of existing district heating systems in German cities</i>. University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore.","short":"D. Divkovic, H. Meschede, Decarbonisation and Extension of Existing District Heating Systems in German Cities, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Islamabad, Pakistan, 2023.","chicago":"Divkovic, Denis, and Henning Meschede. <i>Decarbonisation and Extension of Existing District Heating Systems in German Cities</i>. Planning in Germany and Pakistan:  Responding Challenges of Climate Change through Intercultural Dialogue. Islamabad, Pakistan: University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, 2023."},"supervisor":[{"full_name":"Meschede, Henning","last_name":"Meschede","first_name":"Henning","orcid":"0000-0002-1538-089X","id":"86954"}],"_id":"55584","series_title":"Planning in Germany and Pakistan:  Responding Challenges of Climate Change through Intercultural Dialogue","publisher":"University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"user_id":"89059","year":"2023","status":"public","title":"Decarbonisation and extension of existing district heating systems in German cities","author":[{"full_name":"Divkovic, Denis","last_name":"Divkovic","first_name":"Denis","id":"89059"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-1538-089X","first_name":"Henning","last_name":"Meschede","full_name":"Meschede, Henning","id":"86954"}],"date_updated":"2024-08-13T07:57:33Z"},{"publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2023-07-10T11:18:18Z","intvolume":"        38","year":"2023","title":"Design approach to extend and decarbonise existing district heating systems - case study for German cities","author":[{"id":"89059","first_name":"Denis","last_name":"Divkovic","full_name":"Divkovic, Denis"},{"last_name":"Knorr","first_name":"Lukas","full_name":"Knorr, Lukas","id":"90391"},{"id":"86954","last_name":"Meschede","orcid":"0000-0002-1538-089X","first_name":"Henning","full_name":"Meschede, Henning"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2246-2929"]},"doi":"10.54337/ijsepm.7655","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"abstract":[{"text":"<jats:p>This paper aims to present an approach for the planning of carbon low heat supply in a future district heating system based on open data for German cities with existing district heating networks. One focus is on the integration of industrial waste heat and the uncertainty of future waste heat sources as well as restrictions on the use of biomass. For that purpose, knowledge about the energy demand is necessary. In a first step it is shown how the demand around a heating network is estimated with spatial data and a load profile is generated. Local available heat sources are examined according to their suitability and their kind of integration in the heating network. As heat production from different units are optimised, the development of a simulation model will be presented. The simulation is based on the optimisation of the operational costs of the used technologies for heating supply. Different scenarios covering various technologies and economic assumptions are applied. The results show the levelized costs of heating as well as the ecological performance. A sensitivity analysis shows the importance of uncertainties for the economic assumptions. The results showing levelized costs of heating as well as the ecological performance underlining the advantage of excess heat integration.</jats:p>","lang":"eng"}],"publication":"International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management","type":"journal_article","keyword":["Energy Engineering and Power Technology","Renewable Energy","Sustainability and the Environment","Geography","Planning and Development"],"date_created":"2023-07-10T11:17:20Z","status":"public","user_id":"86954","volume":38,"page":"141-156","_id":"45931","publisher":"Aalborg University","citation":{"short":"D. Divkovic, L. Knorr, H. Meschede, International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management 38 (2023) 141–156.","chicago":"Divkovic, Denis, Lukas Knorr, and Henning Meschede. “Design Approach to Extend and Decarbonise Existing District Heating Systems - Case Study for German Cities.” <i>International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management</i> 38 (2023): 141–56. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.54337/ijsepm.7655\">https://doi.org/10.54337/ijsepm.7655</a>.","apa":"Divkovic, D., Knorr, L., &#38; Meschede, H. (2023). Design approach to extend and decarbonise existing district heating systems - case study for German cities. <i>International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management</i>, <i>38</i>, 141–156. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.54337/ijsepm.7655\">https://doi.org/10.54337/ijsepm.7655</a>","ieee":"D. Divkovic, L. Knorr, and H. Meschede, “Design approach to extend and decarbonise existing district heating systems - case study for German cities,” <i>International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management</i>, vol. 38, pp. 141–156, 2023, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.54337/ijsepm.7655\">10.54337/ijsepm.7655</a>.","ama":"Divkovic D, Knorr L, Meschede H. Design approach to extend and decarbonise existing district heating systems - case study for German cities. <i>International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management</i>. 2023;38:141-156. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.54337/ijsepm.7655\">10.54337/ijsepm.7655</a>","bibtex":"@article{Divkovic_Knorr_Meschede_2023, title={Design approach to extend and decarbonise existing district heating systems - case study for German cities}, volume={38}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.54337/ijsepm.7655\">10.54337/ijsepm.7655</a>}, journal={International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management}, publisher={Aalborg University}, author={Divkovic, Denis and Knorr, Lukas and Meschede, Henning}, year={2023}, pages={141–156} }","mla":"Divkovic, Denis, et al. “Design Approach to Extend and Decarbonise Existing District Heating Systems - Case Study for German Cities.” <i>International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management</i>, vol. 38, Aalborg University, 2023, pp. 141–56, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.54337/ijsepm.7655\">10.54337/ijsepm.7655</a>."}},{"supervisor":[{"full_name":"Schlosser, Florian","first_name":"Florian","last_name":"Schlosser","id":"88614"}],"citation":{"mla":"Divkovic, Denis, and Florian Schlosser. <i>Planung von Wärmepumpen Für Die Kommunale Wärmeversorgung</i>. Bundesverband Wärmepumpe e.V., 2022.","ama":"Divkovic D, Schlosser F. <i>Planung von Wärmepumpen Für Die Kommunale Wärmeversorgung</i>. Bundesverband Wärmepumpe e.V.; 2022.","bibtex":"@book{Divkovic_Schlosser_2022, place={München}, series={6. Internationaler Großwärmepumpen Kongress}, title={Planung von Wärmepumpen für die kommunale Wärmeversorgung}, publisher={Bundesverband Wärmepumpe e.V.}, author={Divkovic, Denis and Schlosser, Florian}, year={2022}, collection={6. Internationaler Großwärmepumpen Kongress} }","apa":"Divkovic, D., &#38; Schlosser, F. (2022). <i>Planung von Wärmepumpen für die kommunale Wärmeversorgung</i>. Bundesverband Wärmepumpe e.V.","ieee":"D. Divkovic and F. Schlosser, <i>Planung von Wärmepumpen für die kommunale Wärmeversorgung</i>. München: Bundesverband Wärmepumpe e.V., 2022.","chicago":"Divkovic, Denis, and Florian Schlosser. <i>Planung von Wärmepumpen Für Die Kommunale Wärmeversorgung</i>. 6. Internationaler Großwärmepumpen Kongress. München: Bundesverband Wärmepumpe e.V., 2022.","short":"D. Divkovic, F. Schlosser, Planung von Wärmepumpen Für Die Kommunale Wärmeversorgung, Bundesverband Wärmepumpe e.V., München, 2022."},"type":"misc","place":"München","date_created":"2023-01-24T08:32:22Z","date_updated":"2023-01-24T08:32:28Z","author":[{"id":"89059","first_name":"Denis","last_name":"Divkovic","full_name":"Divkovic, Denis"},{"full_name":"Schlosser, Florian","first_name":"Florian","last_name":"Schlosser","id":"88614"}],"year":"2022","status":"public","title":"Planung von Wärmepumpen für die kommunale Wärmeversorgung","user_id":"89059","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"38530","series_title":"6. Internationaler Großwärmepumpen Kongress","publisher":"Bundesverband Wärmepumpe e.V."},{"user_id":"89059","series_title":"20. Forum Wärmepumpe","_id":"39047","publisher":"Bundesverband Wärmepumpe e.V.","language":[{"iso":"ger"}],"publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2023-01-24T08:36:17Z","year":"2022","title":"Kommunale Wärmeplanung","status":"public","author":[{"id":"89059","full_name":"Divkovic, Denis","last_name":"Divkovic","first_name":"Denis"},{"full_name":"Schlosser, Florian","last_name":"Schlosser","first_name":"Florian","id":"88614"}],"type":"misc","date_created":"2023-01-24T08:36:12Z","place":"Berlin","citation":{"ieee":"D. Divkovic and F. Schlosser, <i>Kommunale Wärmeplanung</i>. Berlin: Bundesverband Wärmepumpe e.V., 2022.","apa":"Divkovic, D., &#38; Schlosser, F. (2022). <i>Kommunale Wärmeplanung</i>. Bundesverband Wärmepumpe e.V.","short":"D. Divkovic, F. Schlosser, Kommunale Wärmeplanung, Bundesverband Wärmepumpe e.V., Berlin, 2022.","chicago":"Divkovic, Denis, and Florian Schlosser. <i>Kommunale Wärmeplanung</i>. 20. Forum Wärmepumpe. Berlin: Bundesverband Wärmepumpe e.V., 2022.","mla":"Divkovic, Denis, and Florian Schlosser. <i>Kommunale Wärmeplanung</i>. Bundesverband Wärmepumpe e.V., 2022.","bibtex":"@book{Divkovic_Schlosser_2022, place={Berlin}, series={20. Forum Wärmepumpe}, title={Kommunale Wärmeplanung}, publisher={Bundesverband Wärmepumpe e.V.}, author={Divkovic, Denis and Schlosser, Florian}, year={2022}, collection={20. Forum Wärmepumpe} }","ama":"Divkovic D, Schlosser F. <i>Kommunale Wärmeplanung</i>. Bundesverband Wärmepumpe e.V.; 2022."},"supervisor":[{"full_name":"Schlosser, Florian","last_name":"Schlosser","first_name":"Florian","id":"88614"}]},{"citation":{"ieee":"D. Divkovic, L. Knorr, and H. Meschede, “Investigation on future district heating systems for German cities with existing district heating network,” Paphos, Cyprus, 2022.","apa":"Divkovic, D., Knorr, L., &#38; Meschede, H. (2022). <i>Investigation on future district heating systems for German cities with existing district heating network</i> (D. Divkovic, Ed.). International centre for sustainable development of energy, water and environment systems (SDEWES).","short":"D. Divkovic, L. Knorr, H. Meschede, in: D. Divkovic (Ed.), International centre for sustainable development of energy, water and environment systems (SDEWES), Paphos, Cyprus, 2022.","chicago":"Divkovic, Denis, Lukas Knorr, and Henning Meschede. “Investigation on Future District Heating Systems for German Cities with Existing District Heating Network.” edited by Denis Divkovic. Paphos, Cyprus: International centre for sustainable development of energy, water and environment systems (SDEWES), 2022.","mla":"Divkovic, Denis, et al. <i>Investigation on Future District Heating Systems for German Cities with Existing District Heating Network</i>. Edited by Denis Divkovic, International centre for sustainable development of energy, water and environment systems (SDEWES), 2022.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Divkovic_Knorr_Meschede_2022, place={Paphos, Cyprus}, title={Investigation on future district heating systems for German cities with existing district heating network}, publisher={International centre for sustainable development of energy, water and environment systems (SDEWES)}, author={Divkovic, Denis and Knorr, Lukas and Meschede, Henning}, editor={Divkovic, Denis}, year={2022} }","ama":"Divkovic D, Knorr L, Meschede H. Investigation on future district heating systems for German cities with existing district heating network. In: Divkovic D, ed. International centre for sustainable development of energy, water and environment systems (SDEWES); 2022."},"date_created":"2023-01-24T08:44:18Z","place":"Paphos, Cyprus","type":"conference","status":"public","year":"2022","title":"Investigation on future district heating systems for German cities with existing district heating network","author":[{"full_name":"Divkovic, Denis","last_name":"Divkovic","first_name":"Denis","id":"89059"},{"id":"90391","full_name":"Knorr, Lukas","last_name":"Knorr","first_name":"Lukas"},{"full_name":"Meschede, Henning","last_name":"Meschede","orcid":"0000-0002-1538-089X","first_name":"Henning","id":"86954"}],"conference":{"end_date":"2022-11-10","start_date":"2022-11-06","name":"17th Conference on sustainable development of energy, water and environment systems (SDEWES)","location":"Paphos, Cyprus"},"date_updated":"2023-01-24T08:44:25Z","publisher":"International centre for sustainable development of energy, water and environment systems (SDEWES)","_id":"39049","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"user_id":"89059","editor":[{"last_name":"Divkovic","first_name":"Denis","full_name":"Divkovic, Denis"}]}]