@article{59270,
abstract = {{Lithium niobate tantalate (LiNb1−xTaxO3, LNT) solid solutions offer exciting new possibilities for applications ranging from optics, piezotronics, and electronics beyond the capabilities of the widely used singular compounds of lithium niobate (LiNbO3, LN) or lithium tantalate (LiTaO3, LT). Crystal growth of homogeneous LNT single crystals by the Czochralski method is still challenging. One key aspect of homogeneous growth is the accurate knowledge of thermal conductivity through the crystal boule during the growth, which is central to control the crystal growth. Therefore, the temperature dependent thermal conductivity of pure LN, LT, and LNT solid solutions, as well as of selected doped LN and LT crystals (Mg, Zn) was investigated across the temperature range from 300 to 1300 K. The results that span across the whole composition range can directly be applied for optimizing growth conditions of both LNT solid solutions as well as doped and undoped LN and LT crystals.}},
author = {{Bashir, Umar and Rüsing, Michael and Klimm, Detlef and Blukis, Roberts and Koppitz, Boris and Eng, Lukas M. and Bickermann, Matthias and Ganschow, Steffen}},
issn = {{0925-8388}},
journal = {{Journal of Alloys and Compounds}},
publisher = {{Elsevier BV}},
title = {{{Thermal conductivity in solid solutions of lithium niobate tantalate single crystals from 300 K up to 1300 K}}},
doi = {{10.1016/j.jallcom.2024.176549}},
volume = {{1008}},
year = {{2024}},
}
@article{59273,
abstract = {{Ferroelectric domain walls (DWs) are promising structures for assembling future nano-electronic circuit elements on a larger scale since reporting domain wall currents of up to 1 mA per single DW. One key requirement hereto is their reproducible manufacturing by gaining preparative control over domain size and domain wall conductivity (DWC). To date, most works on DWC have focused on exploring the fundamental electrical properties of individual DWs within single-shot experiments, with an emphasis on quantifying the origins of DWC. Very few reports exist when it comes to comparing the DWC properties between two separate DWs, and literally nothing exists where issues of reproducibility in DWC devices have been addressed. To fill this gap while facing the challenge of finding guidelines for achieving predictable DWC performance, we report on a procedure that allows us to reproducibly prepare single hexagonal domains of a predefined diameter into uniaxial ferroelectric lithium niobate single crystals of 200 and 300 μm thickness, respectively. We show that the domain diameter can be controlled with an uncertainty of a few percent. As-grown DWs are then subjected to a standard procedure of current-limited high-voltage DWC enhancement, and they repetitively reach a DWC increase of six orders of magnitude. While all resulting DWs show significantly enhanced DWC values, their individual current–voltage (I–V) characteristics exhibit different shapes, which can be explained by variations in their 3D real structure reflecting local heterogeneities by defects, DW pinning, and surface-near DW inclination.}},
author = {{Ratzenberger, Julius and Kiseleva, Iuliia and Koppitz, Boris and Beyreuther, Elke and Zahn, Manuel and Gössel, Joshua and Hegarty, Peter A. and Amber, Zeeshan H. and Rüsing, Michael and Eng, Lukas M.}},
issn = {{0021-8979}},
journal = {{Journal of Applied Physics}},
number = {{10}},
pages = {{104302}},
publisher = {{AIP Publishing}},
title = {{{Toward the reproducible fabrication of conductive ferroelectric domain walls into lithium niobate bulk single crystals}}},
doi = {{10.1063/5.0219300}},
volume = {{136}},
year = {{2024}},
}
@article{59275,
abstract = {{Studying and understanding many‐body interactions, particularly electron‐boson interactions, is essential for a deeper elucidation of fundamental physical phenomena and the development of novel material functionalities. Here, this aspect is explored in the weak itinerant ferromagnet LaCo2P2 by means of momentum‐resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES) and first‐principles calculations. The detailed ARPES patterns enable to unveil bulk and surface bands, spin splittings due to Rashba and exchange interactions, as well as the evolution of bands with temperature, which altogether creates a solid foundation for theoretical studies. The latter has allowed to establish the impact of electron‐boson interactions on the electronic structure, that are reflected in its strong renormalization driven by electron‐magnon interaction and the emergence of distinctive kinks of surface and bulk electron bands due to significant electron‐phonon coupling. Our results highlight the distinct impact of electron‐boson interactions on the electronic structure, particularly on the itinerant d states. Similar electronic states are observed in the isostructural iron pnictides, where electron‐boson interactions play a crucial role in the emergence of superconductivity. It is believed that further studies of material systems involving both magnetically active d‐ and f‐sublattices will reveal more advanced phenomena in the bulk and at distinct surfaces, driven by a combination of factors including Rashba and Kondo effects, exchange magnetism, and electron‐boson interactions.}},
author = {{Usachov, D. Yu. and Ali, K. and Poelchen, G. and Mende, M. and Schulz, S. and Peters, M. and Bokai, K. and Sklyadneva, I. Yu. and Stolyarov, V. and Chulkov, E. V. and Kliemt, K. and Paischer, S. and Buczek, P. A. and Heid, R. and Hempel, F. and Rüsing, Michael and Ernst, A. and Krellner, C. and Eremeev, S. V. and Vyalikh, D. V.}},
issn = {{2751-1200}},
journal = {{Advanced Physics Research}},
publisher = {{Wiley}},
title = {{{Unveiling Electron‐Phonon and Electron‐Magnon Interactions in the Weak Itinerant Ferromagnet LaCo2P2}}},
doi = {{10.1002/apxr.202400137}},
year = {{2024}},
}
@article{54967,
abstract = {{Ferroelectric domain wall conductivity (DWC) is an intriguing and promising functional property that can be elegantly controlled and steered through a variety of external stimuli such as electric and mechanical fields. Optical-field control, as a noninvasive and flexible tool, has rarely been applied so far, but it significantly expands the possibility for both tuning and probing DWC. On the one hand, as known from second-harmonic or Raman micro-spectroscopy, the optical approach provides information on DW distribution and inclination, while simultaneously probing the DW vibrational modes; on the other hand, photons might be applied to directly generate charge carriers, thereby acting as a functional and spectrally tunable probe to deduce the local absorption properties and bandgaps of conductive DWs. Here, we report on investigating the photo-induced DWC (PI-DWC) of three lithium niobate crystals, containing a very different number of DWs, namely: (A) none, (B) one, and (C) many conductive DWs. All three samples are inspected for their current–voltage behavior in darkness and for different illumination wavelengths swept from 500 nm down to 310 nm. All samples show their maximum PI-DWC at 310 nm; moreover, sample (C) reaches PI-DWCs of several microampere. Interestingly, a noticeable PI-DWC is also observed for sub-bandgap illumination, hinting toward the existence and decisive role of electronic in-gap states that contribute to the electronic charge transport along DWs. Finally, complementary conductive atomic force microscopy investigations under illumination proved that the PI-DWC indeed is confined to the DW area and does not originate from photo-induced bulk conductivity.}},
author = {{Ding, L. L. and Beyreuther, E. and Koppitz, B. and Kempf, K. and Ren, J. H. and Chen, W. J. and Rüsing, Michael and Zheng, Y. and Eng, L. M.}},
issn = {{0003-6951}},
journal = {{Applied Physics Letters}},
number = {{25}},
publisher = {{AIP Publishing}},
title = {{{Comparative study of photo-induced electronic transport along ferroelectric domain walls in lithium niobate single crystals}}},
doi = {{10.1063/5.0205877}},
volume = {{124}},
year = {{2024}},
}
@article{54966,
abstract = {{Piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) is one of the most widespread methods for investigating and visualizing ferroelectric domain structures down to the nanometer length scale. PFM makes use of the direct coupling of the piezoelectric response to the crystal lattice, and hence, it is most often applied to spatially map the three-dimensional (3D) near-surface domain distribution of any polar or ferroic sample. Nonetheless, since most samples investigated by PFM are at least semiconducting or fully insulating, the electric ac field emerging from the conductive scanning force microscopy (SFM) tip penetrates the sample and, hence, may also couple to polar features that are deeply buried into the bulk of the sample under investigation. Thus, in the work presented here, we experimentally and theoretically explore the contrast and depth resolution capabilities of PFM, by analyzing the dependence of several key parameters. These key parameters include the depth of the buried feature, i.e., here a domain wall (DW), as well as PFM-relevant technical parameters such as the tip radius, the PFM drive voltage and frequency, and the signal-to-noise ratio. The theoretical predictions are experimentally verified using x-cut periodically poled lithium niobate single crystals that are specially prepared into wedge-shaped samples, in order to allow the buried feature, here the DW, to be “positioned” at any depth into the bulk. This inspection essentially contributes to the fundamental understanding in PFM contrast analysis and to the reconstruction of 3D domain structures down to a 1 μm-penetration depth into the sample.}},
author = {{Roeper, Matthias and Seddon, Samuel D. and Amber, Zeeshan H. and Rüsing, Michael and Eng, Lukas M.}},
issn = {{0021-8979}},
journal = {{Journal of Applied Physics}},
keywords = {{Ferroelectrics, lithium niobate, piezoresponse force microscopy}},
number = {{22}},
publisher = {{AIP Publishing}},
title = {{{Depth resolution in piezoresponse force microscopy}}},
doi = {{10.1063/5.0206784}},
volume = {{135}},
year = {{2024}},
}
@inproceedings{54303,
author = {{Böer, Nils Tobias and Güldenpenning, Iris and Weigelt, Matthias}},
booktitle = {{56. Jahrestagung der Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Sportpsychologie (ASP)}},
editor = {{Koester, Dirk and Krämer, Lina and Fuhlert, Leonhard and Everding, Jannik and Weilharter, Fritz and Marlovits, Andreas}},
location = {{Berlin}},
pages = {{119}},
title = {{{The influence of effort instruction on fake production costs in basketball novices and experienced basketball players.}}},
year = {{2024}},
}
@article{48486,
abstract = {{AbstractIntroductionIn Europe, most Internet searches for school‐related tasks are situated at home, where parents can support adolescents. Although the frequency (quantity) of parental support has already been analyzed, a research gap exists concerning the quality of parental support in adolescents' information‐related Internet use. The quality of parental support in the field of homework involvement is known to be a predictor of adolescents' learning motivation and academic achievement, often discussed with regard to self‐determination theory (SDT) in terms of autonomy support, structure, emotional support, and control. These categories were adapted in this study to analyze parents' support in adolescents' Internet searching activities.MethodsUsing a mixed‐methods approach, we combined quantitative questionnaires and qualitative observations to analyze joint information‐related Internet uses. Therefore, 243 parent–adolescent dyads were surveyed and six parent–adolescent dyads were observed by videography in 2019/2020 in Germany. The adolescents were 11 years old, on average.ResultsThe parents rated all qualities higher than the adolescents. Emotional support was rated highest by both groups, whereas structure was rated lowest. Adolescents' and parents' view on parental support differ. The qualitative study revealed parents' often interfering behavior, whereas emotional support was low. Further, the active role of adolescents was highlighted in both quantitative and qualitative data.ConclusionsBy combining quantitative and qualitative approaches, we demonstrated a fruitful application of SDT in analyzing the quality of parental support during adolescents' Internet searches at home and shed light on the co‐construction of joint Internet searches.}},
author = {{Kurock, Ricarda and Teichert, Jeannine and Meister, Dorothee M. and Gerhardts, Lara and Buhl, Heike M. and Bonanati, Sabrina}},
issn = {{0140-1971}},
journal = {{Journal of Adolescence}},
keywords = {{Psychiatry and Mental health, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Social Psychology, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health}},
number = {{3}},
pages = {{566--579}},
publisher = {{Wiley}},
title = {{{A mixed‐methods study of the quality of parental support during adolescents' information‐related Internet use as a co‐construction process}}},
doi = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jad.12264}},
volume = {{96}},
year = {{2024}},
}
@article{57593,
abstract = {{Between Dethematizing and Demonetisation: The Holocaust in depictions of National-Socialism and World War Two on YouTube – In September 2018, an ambitious
and highly noteworthy project for the construction and distribution of a broad-reaching portrayal of 20th-century violence in the digital age was launched: the YouTube
channel World War Two (WW2). Their mission was to present the experiences of
those who lived through the war in a radically objective, apolitical, and detailed
manner. The main series, sharing the same title as the channel, focused on military
events, while another series titled War Against Humanity (WAH) would address
war crimes, human rights abuses, the mass murder of civilians and prisoners of
war, Nazi euthanasia crimes, and the Holocaust. This division of the narrative into
a military history (main series) and a separate history of war crimes and the Holocaust (side series) raises important questions about the conditions, opportunities,
and limitations that YouTube’s media and economic structures impose on the portrayal of war, mass violence, and genocide. The paper also examines how these
structures influence the narrative and shape the presented historical image, and
what consequences arise for the depiction of war and history from an academic perspective. Lastly, it explores the reasons behind this narrative split: whether it was
a deliberate decision to systematically differentiate the storytelling or a strategic
move shaped by YouTube’s media and economic constraints. The question arises:
to what extent can historical education on digital platforms like YouTube, driven
by the need for content monetization, still align closely with academic standards?}},
author = {{Quast, Julia}},
journal = {{Zeitschrift für Genozidforschung}},
keywords = {{Zweiter Weltkrieg, Holocaust, Geschichtsbild, Public History, Social Media, YouTube, Erinnerungskultur}},
number = {{2}},
pages = {{264--291}},
publisher = {{Velbrück }},
title = {{{Zwischen Dethematisierung und Demonetarisierung Der Holocaust in Darstellungen von NS und Zweitem Weltkrieg auf YouTube}}},
volume = {{22}},
year = {{2024}},
}
@article{52328,
abstract = {{In der Professionalisierung von Lehrkräften ist die Selbst-reflexion eine wesentliche Voraussetzung, da sie zentral für die Weiterentwicklung der eigenen Kompetenzen ist. Daraus ergibt sich die Notwendigkeit, bereits in der ersten Phase der Lehrkräftebildung die Selbstreflexion und die Weiterentwicklungsorientierung zu fördern. Hierzu sind auf Grund des sozialen Settings gezielte reflexionsorientierte Workshops chancenreich. Um die Effekte von reflexionsorientierten Workshops und dabei den Zusammenhang zwischen der Selbst-reflexion und der Weiterentwicklungsorientierung zu überprüfen, wurden anhand einer Stichprobe von N = 646 Lehramtsstudierenden die Entwicklung der Selbst-reflexion und Weiterentwicklungsorientierung beim Besuch von Workshops zu überfachlichen Kompetenzen untersucht. Die Datenerhebung erfolgte vor, direkt nach und erneut vier bis sechs Wochen nach den reflexionsorientierten Workshops mittels eines Fragebogens. Durch Varianzanalysen können in Bezug auf die Selbst-reflexion direkt nach den Workshops signifikante Effekte sowie eine konstante Ausprägung vier bis sechs Wochen später nachgewiesen werden. Weiterhin konnte ein signifikanter Anstieg bei der Weiterentwicklungsorientierung über die drei Messzeitpunkte verzeichnet werden. Ebenso zeigte sich ein positiver Effekt der Selbstreflexion auf den Anstieg der Weiterentwicklungsorientierung.}},
author = {{Kleine, Sabrina M and Sohlau, Sylvia and Seifert, Andreas and Buhl, Heike M.}},
journal = {{Herausforderung Lehrer*innenbildung - Zeitschrift zur Konzeption, Gestaltung und Diskussion}},
number = {{1}},
title = {{{Förderung der Selbstreflexion und Weiterentwicklungsorientierung durch reflexionsorientierte Workshops im Lehramtsstudium}}},
doi = {{10.11576/HLZ-6392}},
volume = {{7}},
year = {{2024}},
}
@inproceedings{60645,
abstract = {{Die Wandlungsfähigkeit einer Prozesskette erfordert Fügeverbindungen mit gezielt einstellbaren mechanischen, elektrischen, thermischen oder chemischen Eigenschaften. Dieser Beitrag beschreibt die Untersuchungen, inwiefern beim Clinchen zweier Bleche aus der ausscheidungshärtbaren Aluminiumlegierung EN AW-6014 bereits auf Basis der Prozessüberwachung des Kraft-Weg-Verlaufs bzw. des sich daraus ergebenden Energieeintrags auf die mechanischen und elektrischen Eigenschaften der Fügeverbindung geschlossen werden kann. An einer ausgewählten Fügeaufgabe werden im Stufenversuch die gegenseitigen Abhängigkeiten der einzelnen Einflussgrößen sowie des Wärmebehandlungszustands aufgezeigt. Dabei wird zwischen den Bindemechanismen Formschluss und Kraftschluss unterschieden. Die Formschlusskomponente wird anhand der geometrischen Kenngrößen wie Bodendicke, Halsdicke und Hinterschnitt in Mikroskopieuntersuchungen an Schliffbildern und den mechanischen Eigenschaften der Fügeverbindung untersucht, die im Scherzug- und Kopfzugversuch bestimmt werden. Dazu erfolgt zudem die Charakterisierung der Versagensbilder. Zur Quantifizierung der Kraftschlusskomponente der Fügeverbindung werden das Losbrechmoment im Torsionsversuch und der elektrische Widerstand mittels Vier-Leiter-Methode ermittelt und korreliert.}},
author = {{Lüder, Stephan and Kalich, Jan and Oesterle, Hannes and Schmale, Hans Christian}},
booktitle = {{Tagung Werkstoffprüfung 2024: Werkstoffe und Bauteile auf dem Prüfstand, Prüftechnik – Kennwertermittlung – Schadensvermeidung}},
editor = {{Krupp, Ulrich and Steller, Ingo}},
isbn = {{978-3-941269-97-2}},
keywords = {{Clinchen, Aluminium, Stufensetzversuch, Bindemechanismus, Formschluss, Kraftschluss, Zugversuch, Torsionsversuch, Widerstandsmessung}},
location = {{Krefeld}},
pages = {{205--210}},
title = {{{Prozessüberwachte Eigenschaftseinstellung beim Clinchen der ausscheidungshärtbaren Aluminiumlegierung EN AW-6014}}},
year = {{2024}},
}
@inproceedings{58899,
author = {{Rezat, Sara and Stahl, Maja and Michel, Nadine and Kilsbach, Sebastian and Schmidtke, Julian and Wachsmuth, Henning}},
title = {{{A School Student Essay Corpus for Analyzing Interactions of Argumentative Structure and Quality.}}},
doi = {{https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2404.02529 }},
year = {{2024}},
}
@inproceedings{57102,
author = {{Gräßler, Iris and Wiechel, Dominik and Rarbach, Sven}},
booktitle = {{Procedia CIRP}},
issn = {{2212-8271}},
location = {{Cranfield, UK}},
pages = {{585--5D}},
publisher = {{Elsevier BV}},
title = {{{Model-based impact analysis in dynamic System of Systems}}},
doi = {{10.1016/j.procir.2024.06.032}},
volume = {{128}},
year = {{2024}},
}
@inproceedings{54925,
abstract = {{The OPEN Edirom project is developing a digital edition of incidental music for Goethe’s play Faust, representing an innovative initiative within the realm of music philology and MEI/TEI edition. Embracing the "data first" principle, OPEN Edirom prioritizes making its content openly accessible, thereby enabling diverse potential uses for researchers and performers. Our aim involves presenting the scholarly text and music edition in its entirety, incorporating its various forms of data, i.e. music, texts, source images, metadata, and annotations, all displayed with Edirom software.
The piece we edit in this project is Goethe’s renowned play Faust I, as adapted by Carl Seydelmann, along with the corresponding music composed by Peter Joseph von Lindpaintner for the Court Theatre in Stuttgart. The work premiered in 1832.
This paper delves into the concept of music edition as open data publication and delineates its advantages over analog and hybrid editions in terms of reusability and alignment with the FAIR principles. It also addresses the challenges encountered in data preparation, both specific to incidental music and in general data processing. Furthermore, we propose solutions and recommendations for similar projects based on our insights.}},
author = {{Frömmel, Lena and Bachmann, Tobias and Plaksin, Anna Viktoria Katrin and Münzmay, Andreas}},
booktitle = {{Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Digital Libraries for Musicology}},
publisher = {{ACM}},
title = {{{Open Edirom: From hybrid music edition to open data publication}}},
doi = {{10.1145/3660570.3660582}},
year = {{2024}},
}
@inproceedings{55912,
abstract = {{In explanatory interactions, explainees are expected to continuously provide feedback to explainers by signaling whether they understand an ongoing explanation. The study presented in this paper is based on the hypothesis that explainees use a set of multimodal cues, including vocalizations, facial expressions, and movements of the torso, head, and hands, to do so. We test this hypothesis by building a random forest classifier based on a multimodal corpus of dyadic explanations (21 explainers and explainees), in which windows of understanding or non-understanding were identified by participants in a retrospective video recall task. Results show that sequences of understanding can indeed be differentiated from those of non-understanding, and that a diverse set of predictors covering a wide range of modalities contributes to this classification. Due to data sparsity and a high degree of individual variation, the generalizability of our results is currently limited, but they support our hypothesis of the relevance of multimodal display in explanatory interactions.}},
author = {{Türk, Olcay and Lazarov, Stefan Teodorov and Wang, Yu and Buschmeier, Hendrik and Grimminger, Angela and Wagner, Petra}},
booktitle = {{Proceedings of the 26th ACM International Conference on Multimodal Interaction}},
location = {{San José, Costa Rica}},
pages = {{449--458}},
title = {{{Predictability of understanding in explanatory interactions based on multimodal cues}}},
doi = {{10.1145/3678957.3685741}},
year = {{2024}},
}
@article{57893,
abstract = {{AbstractControl engineering applications usually require a model that accurately represents the dynamics of the system. In addition to classical physical modeling, powerful data‐driven approaches are gaining popularity. However, the resulting models may not be ideal for control design due to their black‐box structure, which inherently limits interpretability. Formulating the system dynamics in port‐Hamiltonian form is highly beneficial, as its valuable property of passivity enables the straightforward design of globally stable controllers while ensuring physical interpretability. In a recently published article, we presented a method for data‐driven inference of port‐Hamiltonian models for complex mechatronic systems, requiring only fundamental physical prior knowledge. The resulting models accurately represent the nonlinear dynamics of the considered systems and are physically interpretable. In this contribution, we advance our previous work by including two key elements. Firstly, we demonstrate the application of the above described data‐driven PCHD models for controller design. Preserving the port‐Hamiltonian form in the closed loop not only guarantees global stability and robustness but also ensures desired speed and damping characteristics. Since control systems based on output measurements, which are continuously measured during operation due to the feedback structure, we secondly aim to use this data. Thus, we augment the existing modeling strategy with an intelligent adaptation approach to address uncertainties and (un)predictable system changes in mechatronic systems throughout their lifecycle, such as the installation of new components, wear, or temperature fluctuations during operation. Our proposed algorithm for recursively calculated data‐driven port‐Hamiltonian models utilizes a least‐squares approach with extensions such as automatically adjusting the forgetting factor and controlling the covariance matrix trace. We demonstrate the results through model‐based application on an academic example and experimental validation on a test bench.}},
author = {{Junker, Annika and Timmermann, Julia and Trächtler, Ansgar}},
issn = {{1617-7061}},
journal = {{PAMM}},
number = {{1}},
publisher = {{Wiley}},
title = {{{Adaptive Data‐Driven Models in Port‐Hamiltonian Form for Control Design}}},
doi = {{10.1002/pamm.202400154}},
volume = {{25}},
year = {{2024}},
}
@inproceedings{56983,
abstract = {{Detecting the veracity of a statement automatically is a challenge the world is grappling with due to the vast amount of data spread across the web. Verifying a given claim typically entails validating it within the framework of supporting evidence like a retrieved piece of text. Classifying the stance of the text with respect to the claim is called stance classification. Despite advancements in automated fact-checking, most systems still rely on a substantial quantity of labeled training data, which can be costly. In this work, we avoid the costly training or fine-tuning of models by reusing pre-trained large language models together with few-shot in-context learning. Since we do not train any model, our approach ExPrompt is lightweight, demands fewer resources than other stance classification methods and can serve as a modern baseline for future developments. At the same time, our evaluation shows that our approach is able to outperform former state-of-the-art stance classification approaches regarding accuracy by at least 2 percent. Our scripts and data used in this paper are available at https://github.com/dice-group/ExPrompt.}},
author = {{Qudus, Umair and Röder, Michael and Vollmers, Daniel and Ngonga Ngomo, Axel-Cyrille}},
booktitle = {{Proceedings of the 33rd ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management}},
isbn = {{79-8-4007-0436-9/24/10}},
keywords = {{Stance Classification, Few-shot in-context learning, Pre-trained large language models}},
location = {{Boise, ID, USA}},
pages = {{3994 -- 3999}},
publisher = {{ACM}},
title = {{{ExPrompt: Augmenting Prompts Using Examples as Modern Baseline for Stance Classification}}},
doi = {{10.1145/3627673.3679923}},
volume = {{9}},
year = {{2024}},
}
@inproceedings{57240,
abstract = {{Validating assertions before adding them to a knowledge graph is an essential part of its creation and maintenance. Due to the sheer size of knowledge graphs, automatic fact-checking approaches have been developed. These approaches rely on reference knowledge to decide whether a given assertion is correct. Recent hybrid approaches achieve good results by including several knowledge sources. However, it is often impractical to provide a sheer quantity of textual knowledge or generate embedding models to leverage these hybrid approaches. We present FaVEL, an approach that uses algorithm selection and ensemble learning to amalgamate several existing fact-checking approaches that rely solely on a reference knowledge graph and, hence, use fewer resources than current hybrid approaches. For our evaluation, we create updated versions of two existing datasets and a new dataset dubbed FaVEL-DS. Our evaluation compares our approach to 15 fact-checking approaches—including the state-of-the-art approach HybridFC—on 3 datasets. Our results demonstrate that FaVEL outperforms all other approaches significantly by at least 0.04 in terms of the area under the ROC curve. Our source code, datasets, and evaluation results are open-source and can be found at https://github.com/dice-group/favel.}},
author = {{Qudus, Umair and Röder, Michael and Tatkeu Pekarou, Franck Lionel and Morim da Silva, Ana Alexandra and Ngonga Ngomo, Axel-Cyrille}},
booktitle = {{EKAW 2024}},
editor = {{Rospocher, Marco}},
keywords = {{fact checking, ensemble learning, transfer learning, knowledge management.}},
location = {{Amsterdam, Netherlands}},
title = {{{FaVEL: Fact Validation Ensemble Learning}}},
year = {{2024}},
}
@inproceedings{61179,
abstract = {{We examine how users perceive the limitations of an AI system when it encounters a task that it cannot perform perfectly and whether providing explanations alongside its answers aids users in constructing an appropriate mental model of the system's capabilities and limitations. We employ a visual question answer and explanation task where we control the AI system's limitations by manipulating the visual inputs: during inference, the system either processes full-color or grayscale images. Our goal is to determine whether participants can perceive the limitations of the system. We hypothesize that explanations will make limited AI capabilities more transparent to users. However, our results show that explanations do not have this effect. Instead of allowing users to more accurately assess the limitations of the AI system, explanations generally increase users' perceptions of the system's competence – regardless of its actual performance.}},
author = {{Sieker, Judith and Junker, Simeon and Utescher, Ronja and Attari, Nazia and Wersing, Heiko and Buschmeier, Hendrik and Zarrieß, Sina}},
booktitle = {{Proceedings of the 2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing}},
location = {{Miami, FL, USA}},
pages = {{19459–19475}},
publisher = {{ACL}},
title = {{{The illusion of competence: Evaluating the effect of explanations on users’ mental models of visual question answering systems}}},
doi = {{10.18653/v1/2024.emnlp-main.1084}},
year = {{2024}},
}
@inproceedings{55917,
abstract = {{This work takes steps towards situating the concepts relevant to explanation and understanding in explanatory interactions within the scope of Basic Formal Ontology. We introduce novel ontological accounts of understanding and explanation in BFO-terms, which foster a shared conceptualization of explanations and explainee's understanding during explainer-explainee interactions. This approach also enables the tracking of different aspects of understanding and explanation through cognitive profiling of various measurable aspects under the heading of process profile in BFO. Additionally, we differentiate between the private mental process of understanding and understanding displays. Finally, we characterize the relationship between understanding displays and explanations.}},
author = {{Booshehri, Meisam and Buschmeier, Hendrik and Cimiano, Philipp}},
booktitle = {{Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Data Meets Applied Ontologies in Explainable AI (DAO-XAI)}},
issn = {{1613-0073}},
location = {{Santiago de Compostela, Spain}},
publisher = {{International Association for Ontology and its Applications}},
title = {{{Towards a BFO-based ontology of understanding in explanatory interactions}}},
year = {{2024}},
}
@inproceedings{61177,
abstract = {{Human and model-generated texts can be distinguished by examining the magnitude of likelihood in language. However, it is becoming increasingly difficult as language model's capabilities of generating human-like texts keep evolving. This study provides a new perspective by using the relative likelihood values instead of absolute ones, and extracting useful features from the spectrum-view of likelihood for the human-model text detection task. We propose a detection procedure with two classification methods, supervised and heuristic-based, respectively, which results in competitive performances with previous zero-shot detection methods and a new state-of-the-art on short-text detection. Our method can also reveal subtle differences between human and model languages, which find theoretical roots in psycholinguistics studies.}},
author = {{Xu, Yang and Wang, Yu and An, Hao and Liu, Zhichen and Li, Yongyuan}},
booktitle = {{Proceedings of the 2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing}},
location = {{Miami, FL, USA}},
pages = {{10108–10121}},
publisher = {{ACL}},
title = {{{Detecting subtle differences between human and model languages using spectrum of relative likelihood}}},
doi = {{10.18653/v1/2024.emnlp-main.564}},
year = {{2024}},
}