@inproceedings{55916,
abstract = {{To produce explanations that are more likely to be accepted by humans, Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) systems need to incorporate explanation models grounded in human communication patterns. So far, little is known about how an explainee, who lacks understanding of an issue, and an explainer, who has knowledge to fill the explainee's knowledge gap, actively shape an explanation process, and how their involvement relates to explanatory success in terms of maximizing the explainee's level of understanding. In this paper, we characterize explanations as dialogues in which explainee and explainer take turns to advance the explanation process. We build on an existing annotation scheme of ‘explanatory moves’ to characterize such turns, and manually annotate 362 dialogical explanations from the “Explain Like I'm Five” subreddit. Building on the annotated data, we compute correlations between explanatory moves and explanatory success, measured on a five-point Likert scale, in order to identify factors that are significantly correlated with explanatory success. Based on a qualitative analysis of these factors, we develop a conceptual model of the main factors that contribute to the success of explanatory dialogues.}},
author = {{Booshehri, Meisam and Buschmeier, Hendrik and Cimiano, Philipp}},
booktitle = {{Proceedings of the 26th ACM International Conference on Multimodal Interaction}},
location = {{San José, Costa Rica}},
pages = {{373--381}},
publisher = {{ACM}},
title = {{{A model of factors contributing to the success of dialogical explanations}}},
doi = {{10.1145/3678957.3685744}},
year = {{2024}},
}
@inproceedings{55995,
abstract = {{Scripted dialogues such as movie and TV subtitles constitute a widespread source of training data for conversational NLP models. However, there are notable linguistic differences between these dialogues and spontaneous interactions, especially regarding the occurrence of communicative feedback such as backchannels, acknowledgments, or clarification requests. This paper presents a quantitative analysis of such feedback phenomena in both subtitles and spontaneous conversations. Based on conversational data spanning eight languages and multiple genres, we extract lexical statistics, classifications from a dialogue act tagger, expert annotations and labels derived from a fine-tuned Large Language Model (LLM). Our main empirical findings are that (1) communicative feedback is markedly less frequent in subtitles than in spontaneous dialogues and (2) subtitles contain a higher proportion of negative feedback. We also show that dialogues generated by standard LLMs lie much closer to scripted dialogues than spontaneous interactions in terms of communicative feedback.}},
author = {{Pilán, Ildikó and Prévot, Laurent and Buschmeier, Hendrik and Lison, Pierre}},
booktitle = {{Proceedings of the 25th Meeting of the Special Interest Group on Discourse and Dialogue}},
location = {{Kyoto, Japan}},
pages = {{440–457}},
title = {{{Conversational feedback in scripted versus spontaneous dialogues: A comparative analysis}}},
doi = {{10.18653/v1/2024.sigdial-1.38}},
year = {{2024}},
}
@inproceedings{55913,
abstract = {{We examined the turn-taking dynamics across different phases of explanatory dialogues, in which 21 different explainers explained a board game to 2–3 explainees each. Turn-taking dynamics are investigated focusing on >19K floor transitions, i.e., the detailed patterns characterizing turn keeping or turn yielding events (Gilmartin et al., 2020). The explanations were characterized by three different phases (board game absent, board game present, interactive game play), for which we observed differences in turn-taking dynamics: explanations where the board game is absent are characterized by less complex floor transitions, while explanations with a concretely shared reference space are characterized by more complex floor transitions, as well as more floor transitions between interlocutors. Also, the speakers’ dialogue role (explainer vs. explainee) appears to have a strong impact on turn-taking dynamics, as floor transitions that do not conform with the dialogue role tend to involve more effort, or floor management work.}},
author = {{Wagner, Petra and Włodarczak, Marcin and Buschmeier, Hendrik and Türk, Olcay and Gilmartin, Emer}},
booktitle = {{Proceedings of the 28th Workshop on the Semantics and Pragmatics of Dialogue}},
issn = {{2308-2275}},
location = {{Trento, Italy}},
pages = {{6--14}},
title = {{{Turn-taking dynamics across different phases of explanatory dialogues}}},
year = {{2024}},
}
@article{56190,
abstract = {{This study investigates the potential of using advanced conversational artificial intelligence (AI) to help people understand complex AI systems. In line with conversation-analytic research, we view the participatory role of AI as dynamically unfolding in a situation rather than being predetermined by its architecture. To study user sensemaking of intransparent AI systems, we set up a naturalistic encounter between human participants and two AI systems developed in-house: a reinforcement learning simulation and a GPT-4-based explainer chatbot. Our results reveal that an explainer-AI only truly functions as such when participants actively engage with it as a co-constructive agent. Both the interface’s spatial configuration and the asynchronous temporal nature of the explainer AI – combined with the users’ presuppositions about its role – contribute to the decision whether to treat the AI as a dialogical co-participant in the interaction. Participants establish evidentiality conventions and sensemaking procedures that may diverge from a system’s intended design or function.}},
author = {{Klowait, Nils and Erofeeva, Maria and Lenke, Michael and Horwath, Ilona and Buschmeier, Hendrik}},
journal = {{Discourse & Communication}},
number = {{6}},
pages = {{917--930}},
publisher = {{Sage}},
title = {{{Can AI explain AI? Interactive co-construction of explanations among human and artificial agents}}},
doi = {{10.1177/17504813241267069}},
volume = {{18}},
year = {{2024}},
}
@inproceedings{61180,
abstract = {{Starting from the assumption that LLMs are systems bearing only formal but not functional linguistic competence, this short paper explores how the understanding capabilities of LLMs could be implicitly explained based on a “pause and refect” strategy. Specifically, we propose to include a virtual embodied agent in human interactions with LLM-based chatbots. The agent will use air quotes as multimodal metalinguistic markers to explicitly point to those parts of the LLM’s output that are relevant to explaining the LLM’s meaning understanding capabilities. At the same time, by scafolding users to perceive the output as ‘mentioned language’ inferred from a metalinguistic function of multimodal markers, the agent implicitly explains how the meaning of the output should be understood. In this proposal, users will actively participate in the co-construction of the implicit explanation by providing feedback and deciding when and to what extent the agent’s scafold (e.g., the air quotes) is used.}},
author = {{Belosevic, Milena and Buschmeier, Hendrik}},
booktitle = {{ICMI Companion ’24: Companion Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Multimodal Interaction}},
location = {{San José, Costa Rica}},
pages = {{225–227}},
publisher = {{ACM}},
title = {{{Quote to explain: Using multimodal metalinguistic markers to explain large language models’ understanding capabilities}}},
doi = {{10.1145/3686215.3689203}},
year = {{2024}},
}
@inproceedings{61176,
abstract = {{We revisit the phenomenon of syntactic complexity convergence in conversational interaction, originally found for English dialogue, which has theoretical implication for dialogical concepts such as mutual understanding. We use a modified metric to quantify syntactic complexity based on dependency parsing. The results show that syntactic complexity convergence can be statistically confirmed in one of three selected German datasets that were analysed. Given that the dataset which shows such convergence is much larger than the other two selected datasets, the empirical results indicate a certain degree of linguistic generality of syntactic complexity convergence in conversational interaction. We also found a different type of syntactic complexity convergence in one of the datasets while further investigation is still necessary.}},
author = {{Wang, Yu and Buschmeier, Hendrik}},
booktitle = {{Proceedings of the 20th Conference on Natural Language Processing (KONVENS 2024)}},
location = {{Vienna, Austria}},
pages = {{75–80}},
title = {{{Revisiting the phenomenon of syntactic complexity convergence on German dialogue data}}},
year = {{2024}},
}
@inproceedings{55911,
abstract = {{According to the Entropy Rate Constancy (ERC) principle, the information density of a text is approximately constant over its length. Whether this principle also applies to nonverbal communication signals is still under investigation. We perform empirical analyses of video-recorded dialogue data and investigate whether listener gaze, as an important nonverbal communication signal, adheres to the ERC principle. Results show (1) that the ERC principle holds for listener gaze; and (2) that the two linguistic factors syntactic complexity and turn transition potential are weakly correlated with local entropy of listener gaze.}},
author = {{Wang, Yu and Xu, Yang and Skantze, Gabriel and Buschmeier, Hendrik}},
booktitle = {{Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics ACL 2024}},
location = {{Bangkok, Thailand}},
pages = {{3533–3545}},
title = {{{How much does nonverbal communication conform to entropy rate constancy?: A case study on listener gaze in interaction}}},
year = {{2024}},
}
@inproceedings{56314,
author = {{Riechmann, Alina Naomi and Buschmeier, Hendrik}},
booktitle = {{Book of Abstracts of the 2nd International Multimodal Communication Symposium}},
location = {{Frankfurt am Main, Germany}},
pages = {{38–39}},
title = {{{Automatic reconstruction of dialogue participants’ coordinating gaze behavior from multiple camera perspectives}}},
year = {{2024}},
}
@article{57914,
author = {{Ballweg, Sandra}},
journal = {{Zeitschrift für Interaktionsforschung in DaFZ}},
number = {{1}},
pages = {{29--53}},
title = {{{ "Was heißt das, Mama?" Die Familie als Ort von Sprachaneignung und mehrsprachigen Praktiken am Beispiel einer türkisch-deutsch-sprachigen Familie}}},
doi = {{10.17192/ZIAF.2024.4.1.8672}},
volume = {{4}},
year = {{2024}},
}
@article{61413,
abstract = {{Climate change has led to a large number of countries deciding to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions significantly. As the mobility sector is a major contributor to CO2, various strategies are being pursued to achieve the climate targets set. An increasingly applied lightweight design method is the use of multi-material constructions. To join these structures, mechanical joining technologies such as self-pierce riveting are being used. As a result of the currently rigid tool systems, which cannot react to changing boundary conditions, a large number of rivet–die combinations is required to join the rising number of materials as well as material thickness combinations. Thus, new, versatile joining technologies are needed that can react to the described changes. The versatile self-piercing riveting (V-SPR) process is one possible approach. In this process, different material thicknesses can be joined by using a multi-range capable rivet which is set by a joining system with extended actuator technology. In this study, the V-SPR joining process is analysed numerically according to the influence of the geometrical rivet parameters on the joints characteristics as well as the resulting material flow. The investigations showed that the shank geometry has a decisive influence on the expansion of the rivet. Furthermore, the rivet length could be proven to be an influencing factor. By changing the head radii and the protrusion height, the forming behaviour of the rivet head onto the punch-sided joining part could be improved and thus the formation of air pockets was prevented. Based on the numerical investigations, a novel rivet geometry was developed and produced by machining. Subsequently, experimentally produced joints were analysed according to their joint formation and load-bearing capacity.}},
author = {{Kappe, Fabian and Bobbert, Mathias and Meschut, Gerson}},
issn = {{0954-4089}},
journal = {{Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering}},
publisher = {{SAGE Publications}},
title = {{{Investigation of the influence of the rivet geometry on joint formation for a versatile self-piercing riveting process}}},
doi = {{10.1177/09544089241263141}},
year = {{2024}},
}
@article{61414,
abstract = {{The increasing significance of ecological responsibility, stricter political regulations and economic objectives are driving innovation in research fields such as lightweight construction. One of the most important popular methods is the use of multi-material systems. Due to the different geometric and mechanical properties of the various materials used, resource efficient applications and utilizations are possible. Great challenges arise for the joining processes to realize these multi-material systems, since conventional joining processes reach their limits. In the field of mechanical joining processes, there are continuously new approaches, such as superimposing the punch in a self-piercing riveting process with a tumbling kinematic, to increase the number of adaptable process parameters and enhance the process control. Through various preliminary tests, a good understanding of the process has been developed, which allows to directly control the geometric joint parameters by configuring the tumbling strategy. A major challenge, particularly with regard to future industrial applications, is the process time, which is comparatively high due to the tumbling kinematics. In the investigations, a reduction of approximately 90% of the process time is targeted by adapting the joining and tumbling strategy. Therefore, the correlation of the traverse velocity and the tumbling velocity are examined in a gradual series of experiments. To represent realistic applications, the experiments are carried out with a dual-phase steel and a precipitation-hardening aluminum alloy. For identifying the influence of the process parameters on the joining process, a constant rivet–die combination is applied. Further, the examination of force–displacement curves is conducted. Moreover, the determination of geometric joint parameters is reliant upon macrographs to assess the influence of the joining time on the geometric joint formation. The test results show that a significant increase in joining speed with a resulting reduction in process time is feasible. Although the joining properties are affected, reliable joining is possible. In particular, the shaft thickness of the rivet is influenced by the varying proportion of the tumbling process in the joining operation and increases with higher joining speeds.}},
author = {{Wituschek, Simon and Elbel, Leonie and Lechner, Michael}},
issn = {{0954-4089}},
journal = {{Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering}},
publisher = {{SAGE Publications}},
title = {{{Influence of the process time on a self-piercing riveting process with tumbling kinematic}}},
doi = {{10.1177/09544089241248430}},
year = {{2024}},
}
@article{61415,
abstract = {{Increasing material costs, decreasing availability, and ever-higher demands on environmental compatibility and complexity require new strategies in the development and production of functional components. Consequently, a combined approach from the areas of design, material science, and manufacturing is mandatory, in order to meet the requirements. Reducing the number of parts, using lightweight materials and applying hybrid components with a multimaterial mix are possible solutions. Nevertheless, conventional joining operations like welding or riveting are reaching their limits in terms of material utilization, load-bearing capacity as well as versatility of the process. Thus, innovative and versatile joining by forming operations and process combinations are focus of current research. In this context, the innovative process of orbital forming had been investigated as a joining by forming operation to manufacture load-adapted hybrid functional components. By tilting of one tool component during the process, a radial material flow is generated, allowing the crimping of the two joining partners. Nevertheless, the load-bearing capacity in axial direction could be identified as limiting factor for a possible application. Therefore, the aim of this investigation is the development of a fundamental process understanding on the influence of a novel geometrical adaption of the joint on the resulting load bearing capacity. The influence of varying geometrical proportions of the joint on the quality is evaluated, considering the form filling, the geometrical properties of the components as well as the maximum transmittable axial load. As joining partners, the dual-phase steel DP600 and the aluminum alloy EN AW-5754 with a thickness of 2.0 mm are used. }},
author = {{Hetzel, A. and Wituschek, Simon and Römisch, D. and Sippel, F. and Lechner, M. and Merklein, M.}},
issn = {{0954-4089}},
journal = {{Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering}},
publisher = {{SAGE Publications}},
title = {{{Investigation on the load-bearing capacity and joint formation of hybrid functional components joined by orbital forming}}},
doi = {{10.1177/09544089241282807}},
year = {{2024}},
}
@article{61416,
abstract = {{Abstract
An efficient lightweight construction method is the combination of different materials in order to adapt the structure to the applied load. To join these multi-material structures mechanical joining technologies are applied. However, the rigid tooling systems cannot be adjusted to changing boundary conditions which is why new, versatile joining technologies are required. In the versatile self-piercing riveting (V-SPR) process presented in [1] different material combination are joined by using a multi-range capable rivet. The rivet head is formed onto the respective thickness of the joint by an outer punch. In order to punch thru the upper sheet a great rivet hardness is required whereas a lower hardness is required for the subsequent forming of the rivet head. To achieve a combination of these requirements, this study investigates a local heat treatment of the rivet. The aim is to determine the feasibility of such a heat treatment as well as to investigate the influence on the joint formation.}},
author = {{Kappe, Fabian and Bobbert, Mathias and Meschut, Gerson}},
issn = {{1757-8981}},
journal = {{IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering}},
number = {{1}},
publisher = {{IOP Publishing}},
title = {{{Influence of local heat treatment of rivets on the joint formation of a versatile joining process}}},
doi = {{10.1088/1757-899x/1307/1/012009}},
volume = {{1307}},
year = {{2024}},
}
@inproceedings{55429,
abstract = {{A detailed understanding of the cognitive process underlying diagnostic reasoning in medical experts is currently lacking. While high-level theories like hypothetico-deductive reasoning were proposed long ago, the inner workings of the step-by-step dynamics within the mind remain unknown. We present a fully automated approach to elicit, monitor, and record diagnostic reasoning processes at a fine-grained level. A web-based user interface enables physicians to carry out a full diagnosis process on a simulated patient, given as a pre-defined clinical vignette. By collecting the physician’s information queries and hypothesis revisions, highly detailed diagnostic reasoning trajectories are captured leading to a diagnosis and its justification. Four expert epileptologists with a mean experience of 19 years were recruited to evaluate the system and share their impressions in semi-structured interviews. We find that the recorded trajectories validate proposed theories on broader diagnostic reasoning, while also providing valuable additional details extending previous findings.}},
author = {{Battefeld, Dominik and Mues, Sigrid and Wehner, Tim and House, Patrick and Kellinghaus, Christoph and Wellmer, Jörg and Kopp, Stefan}},
booktitle = {{Proceedings of the 46th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society}},
keywords = {{Differential Diagnosis, Diagnostic Reasoning, Reasoning Process Analysis, Seizure, Epilepsy}},
location = {{Rotterdam, NL}},
title = {{{Revealing the Dynamics of Medical Diagnostic Reasoning as Step-by-Step Cognitive Process Trajectories}}},
year = {{2024}},
}
@article{61498,
author = {{Koenig, Katrin}},
issn = {{0036-9306}},
journal = {{Scottish Journal of Theology}},
number = {{4}},
pages = {{346--361}},
publisher = {{Cambridge University Press (CUP)}},
title = {{{Confidence regained: Providence and prayer in the works of Catherine of Siena, Anne Conway and Simone Weil}}},
doi = {{10.1017/s0036930624000553}},
volume = {{77}},
year = {{2024}},
}
@inproceedings{61766,
author = {{Reschke, Gregor and Brosius, Alexander}},
booktitle = {{Werkstoffe und Bauteile auf dem Prüfstand}},
editor = {{Krupp, Ulrich and Steller, Ingo}},
isbn = {{978-3-941269-97-2}},
location = {{Krefeld}},
publisher = {{Stahlinstitut VDEh}},
title = {{{Transiente Dynamische Analyse – Vergleich zeit- und frequenzdiskreter Auswertemethoden anhand geclinchter Aluminiumverbindungen}}},
year = {{2024}},
}
@inproceedings{59557,
author = {{Wüllner, Sabrina and Schellenbach-Zell, Judith and Rochnia, Michael}},
location = {{Osnabrück}},
title = {{{Fachbezogene Core Practices in der Lehrkräftebildung am Beispiel des Pädagogikunterrichts}}},
year = {{2024}},
}
@inbook{52511,
abstract = {{Sind „soziale Medien“ überhaupt ein Thema für die Geschichtswissenschaft? Ja, denn die längere Geschichte der Digitalisierung, in der die „sozialen Medien“ einzuordnen sind, zählt bereits über 80 Jahre. Konrad Zuse und andere Ingenieure entwickelten seit 1941 die ersten Digitalcomputer, Unternehmer*innen, Wissenschaftler*innen und Staatenlenker*innen setzten diese seit den 1950er Jahren für ihre Zwecke ein, die Zivilgesellschaft adaptierte sie in den darauffolgenden Dekaden – all das prägte die sozio-digitale Landschaft der späteren „sozialen Medien“. Als unmittelbar „nach dem Boom“ etwa um 1970 zahlreiche Industriegesellschaften einen strukturellen Wandel in Wirtschaft, Gesellschaft und Politik durchlebten, war eine Antwort darauf die vermehrte Digitalisierung und Vernetzung. Daraus entwickelte sich die 1990er Jahre als markante Dekade von World Wide Web, Google und Chatdiensten. Die Entwicklung der „sozialen Medien“ ist also unter anderem in eine ökonomische und gesellschaftliche Entwicklung der Aufmerksamkeitsökonomie und in die längeren Veränderungen von Wirtschafts- und Gesellschaftsordnungen der Ausdifferenzierung und partiellen Individualisierung seit den 1960er Jahren einzuordnen. Dadurch lässt sich besser verstehen, welche Prämissen ihnen zugrunde lagen, welche Möglichkeitsräume und Probleme sich daraus ergaben und warum sie die heutige Öffentlichkeit in einer bestimmten Art und Weise dominieren – ohne sie jedoch zu determinieren.}},
author = {{Schmitt, Martin}},
booktitle = {{Soziale Medien – wie sie wurden, was sie sind }},
keywords = {{Digitalgeschichte, Soziale Medien, Technikgeschichte, World Wide Web, Digitalisierung}},
publisher = {{Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung}},
title = {{{Die Vorgeschichte der „sozialen Medien“. Über die Träume digitaler Vergemeinschaftung und freier Kommunikation}}},
year = {{2024}},
}
@inbook{55635,
author = {{Hartung, Olaf}},
booktitle = {{Geschichtskulturen im digitalen Wandel?}},
editor = {{Hartung, Olaf and Krebs, Alexandra and Meyer-Hamme, Johannes}},
isbn = {{978-3-7344-1629-3}},
issn = {{1435-7658}},
pages = {{9--32}},
publisher = {{Wochenschau Verlag}},
title = {{{Geschichtskulturen im digitalen Wandel? – Zu den Gründen und Zielen dieses Bandes}}},
year = {{2024}},
}
@inbook{62067,
abstract = {{Most FPGA boards in the HPC domain are well-suited for parallel scaling because of the direct integration of versatile and high-throughput network ports. However, the utilization of their network capabilities is often challenging and error-prone because the whole network stack and communication patterns have to be implemented and managed on the FPGAs. Also, this approach conceptually involves a trade-off between the performance potential of improved communication and the impact of resource consumption for communication infrastructure, since the utilized resources on the FPGAs could otherwise be used for computations. In this work, we investigate this trade-off, firstly, by using synthetic benchmarks to evaluate the different configuration options of the communication framework ACCL and their impact on communication latency and throughput. Finally, we use our findings to implement a shallow water simulation whose scalability heavily depends on low-latency communication. With a suitable configuration of ACCL, good scaling behavior can be shown to all 48 FPGAs installed in the system. Overall, the results show that the availability of inter-FPGA communication frameworks as well as the configurability of framework and network stack are crucial to achieve the best application performance with low latency communication.}},
author = {{Meyer, Marius and Kenter, Tobias and Petrica, Lucian and O’Brien, Kenneth and Blott, Michaela and Plessl, Christian}},
booktitle = {{Lecture Notes in Computer Science}},
isbn = {{9783031697654}},
issn = {{0302-9743}},
publisher = {{Springer Nature Switzerland}},
title = {{{Optimizing Communication for Latency Sensitive HPC Applications on up to 48 FPGAs Using ACCL}}},
doi = {{10.1007/978-3-031-69766-1_9}},
year = {{2024}},
}