[{"date_updated":"2022-01-06T06:50:50Z","publisher":"IEEE","date_created":"2019-07-10T12:11:34Z","author":[{"last_name":"Ghasemzadeh Mohammadi","id":"61186","full_name":"Ghasemzadeh Mohammadi, Hassan","first_name":"Hassan"},{"last_name":"Miremadi","full_name":"Miremadi, Seyed Ghassem","first_name":"Seyed Ghassem"},{"first_name":"Alireza","full_name":"Ejlali, Alireza","last_name":"Ejlali"}],"title":"Signature Self Checking (SSC): A Low-Cost Reliable Control Logic for Pipelined Microprocessors","doi":"10.1109/PRDC.2009.69","year":"2009","page":"252-255","citation":{"apa":"Ghasemzadeh Mohammadi, H., Miremadi, S. G., &#38; Ejlali, A. (2009). Signature Self Checking (SSC): A Low-Cost Reliable Control Logic for Pipelined Microprocessors. In <i>Dependable Computing (PRDC), 2009 IEEE Pacific Rim International Symposium on</i> (pp. 252–255). IEEE. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/PRDC.2009.69\">https://doi.org/10.1109/PRDC.2009.69</a>","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Ghasemzadeh Mohammadi_Miremadi_Ejlali_2009, title={Signature Self Checking (SSC): A Low-Cost Reliable Control Logic for Pipelined Microprocessors}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/PRDC.2009.69\">10.1109/PRDC.2009.69</a>}, booktitle={Dependable Computing (PRDC), 2009 IEEE Pacific Rim International Symposium on}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Ghasemzadeh Mohammadi, Hassan and Miremadi, Seyed Ghassem and Ejlali, Alireza}, year={2009}, pages={252–255} }","short":"H. Ghasemzadeh Mohammadi, S.G. Miremadi, A. Ejlali, in: Dependable Computing (PRDC), 2009 IEEE Pacific Rim International Symposium On, IEEE, 2009, pp. 252–255.","mla":"Ghasemzadeh Mohammadi, Hassan, et al. “Signature Self Checking (SSC): A Low-Cost Reliable Control Logic for Pipelined Microprocessors.” <i>Dependable Computing (PRDC), 2009 IEEE Pacific Rim International Symposium On</i>, IEEE, 2009, pp. 252–55, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/PRDC.2009.69\">10.1109/PRDC.2009.69</a>.","ieee":"H. Ghasemzadeh Mohammadi, S. G. Miremadi, and A. Ejlali, “Signature Self Checking (SSC): A Low-Cost Reliable Control Logic for Pipelined Microprocessors,” in <i>Dependable Computing (PRDC), 2009 IEEE Pacific Rim International Symposium on</i>, 2009, pp. 252–255.","chicago":"Ghasemzadeh Mohammadi, Hassan, Seyed Ghassem Miremadi, and Alireza Ejlali. “Signature Self Checking (SSC): A Low-Cost Reliable Control Logic for Pipelined Microprocessors.” In <i>Dependable Computing (PRDC), 2009 IEEE Pacific Rim International Symposium On</i>, 252–55. IEEE, 2009. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/PRDC.2009.69\">https://doi.org/10.1109/PRDC.2009.69</a>.","ama":"Ghasemzadeh Mohammadi H, Miremadi SG, Ejlali A. Signature Self Checking (SSC): A Low-Cost Reliable Control Logic for Pipelined Microprocessors. In: <i>Dependable Computing (PRDC), 2009 IEEE Pacific Rim International Symposium On</i>. IEEE; 2009:252-255. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/PRDC.2009.69\">10.1109/PRDC.2009.69</a>"},"_id":"10777","department":[{"_id":"78"}],"user_id":"3118","extern":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"Dependable Computing (PRDC), 2009 IEEE Pacific Rim International Symposium on","type":"conference","status":"public"},{"publication":"6th Workshop on Positioning Navigation and Communication (WPNC 2009)","type":"conference","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"In this paper we present a novel vehicle tracking algorithm, which is based on multi-level sensor fusion of GPS (global positioning system) with Inertial Measurement Unit sensor data. It is shown that the robustness of the system to temporary dropouts of the GPS signal, which may occur due to limited visibility of satellites in narrow street canyons or tunnels, is greatly improved by sensor fusion. We further demonstrate how the observation and state noise covariances of the employed Kalman filters can be estimated alongside the filtering by an application of the Expectation-Maximization algorithm. The proposed time-variant multi-level Kalman filter is shown to outperform an Interacting Multiple Model approach while at the same time being computationally less demanding."}],"status":"public","_id":"11723","department":[{"_id":"54"}],"user_id":"44006","keyword":["covariance matrices","expectation-maximisation algorithm","expectation-maximization algorithm","global positioning system","Global Positioning System","GPS","inertial measurement unit","interacting multiple model approach","Kalman filters","multilevel sensor fusion","narrow street canyons","narrow tunnels","online parameter estimation","parameter estimation","road vehicles","robust vehicle localization","sensor fusion","state noise covariances","time-variant multilevel Kalman filter","vehicle tracking algorithm"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"2009","page":"235-242","citation":{"chicago":"Bevermeier, Maik, Sven Peschke, and Reinhold Haeb-Umbach. “Robust Vehicle Localization Based on Multi-Level Sensor Fusion and Online Parameter Estimation.” In <i>6th Workshop on Positioning Navigation and Communication (WPNC 2009)</i>, 235–42, 2009. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/WPNC.2009.4907833\">https://doi.org/10.1109/WPNC.2009.4907833</a>.","ieee":"M. Bevermeier, S. Peschke, and R. Haeb-Umbach, “Robust vehicle localization based on multi-level sensor fusion and online parameter estimation,” in <i>6th Workshop on Positioning Navigation and Communication (WPNC 2009)</i>, 2009, pp. 235–242.","ama":"Bevermeier M, Peschke S, Haeb-Umbach R. Robust vehicle localization based on multi-level sensor fusion and online parameter estimation. In: <i>6th Workshop on Positioning Navigation and Communication (WPNC 2009)</i>. ; 2009:235-242. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/WPNC.2009.4907833\">10.1109/WPNC.2009.4907833</a>","apa":"Bevermeier, M., Peschke, S., &#38; Haeb-Umbach, R. (2009). Robust vehicle localization based on multi-level sensor fusion and online parameter estimation. In <i>6th Workshop on Positioning Navigation and Communication (WPNC 2009)</i> (pp. 235–242). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/WPNC.2009.4907833\">https://doi.org/10.1109/WPNC.2009.4907833</a>","mla":"Bevermeier, Maik, et al. “Robust Vehicle Localization Based on Multi-Level Sensor Fusion and Online Parameter Estimation.” <i>6th Workshop on Positioning Navigation and Communication (WPNC 2009)</i>, 2009, pp. 235–42, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/WPNC.2009.4907833\">10.1109/WPNC.2009.4907833</a>.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Bevermeier_Peschke_Haeb-Umbach_2009, title={Robust vehicle localization based on multi-level sensor fusion and online parameter estimation}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/WPNC.2009.4907833\">10.1109/WPNC.2009.4907833</a>}, booktitle={6th Workshop on Positioning Navigation and Communication (WPNC 2009)}, author={Bevermeier, Maik and Peschke, Sven and Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold}, year={2009}, pages={235–242} }","short":"M. Bevermeier, S. Peschke, R. Haeb-Umbach, in: 6th Workshop on Positioning Navigation and Communication (WPNC 2009), 2009, pp. 235–242."},"date_updated":"2022-01-06T06:51:07Z","oa":"1","author":[{"full_name":"Bevermeier, Maik","last_name":"Bevermeier","first_name":"Maik"},{"first_name":"Sven","last_name":"Peschke","full_name":"Peschke, Sven"},{"first_name":"Reinhold","id":"242","full_name":"Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold","last_name":"Haeb-Umbach"}],"date_created":"2019-07-12T05:27:01Z","title":"Robust vehicle localization based on multi-level sensor fusion and online parameter estimation","doi":"10.1109/WPNC.2009.4907833","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://groups.uni-paderborn.de/nt/pubs/2009/BePeHa09.pdf"}]},{"title":"Joint Parameter Estimation and Tracking in a Multi-Stage Kalman Filter for Vehicle Positioning","doi":"10.1109/VETECS.2009.5073634","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://groups.uni-paderborn.de/nt/pubs/2009/BePeHa09-1.pdf","open_access":"1"}],"date_updated":"2022-01-06T06:51:07Z","oa":"1","date_created":"2019-07-12T05:27:02Z","author":[{"last_name":"Bevermeier","full_name":"Bevermeier, Maik","first_name":"Maik"},{"first_name":"Sven","full_name":"Peschke, Sven","last_name":"Peschke"},{"id":"242","full_name":"Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold","last_name":"Haeb-Umbach","first_name":"Reinhold"}],"year":"2009","page":"1-5","citation":{"ama":"Bevermeier M, Peschke S, Haeb-Umbach R. Joint Parameter Estimation and Tracking in a Multi-Stage Kalman Filter for Vehicle Positioning. In: <i>IEEE 69th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC 2009 Spring)</i>. ; 2009:1-5. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/VETECS.2009.5073634\">10.1109/VETECS.2009.5073634</a>","ieee":"M. Bevermeier, S. Peschke, and R. Haeb-Umbach, “Joint Parameter Estimation and Tracking in a Multi-Stage Kalman Filter for Vehicle Positioning,” in <i>IEEE 69th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC 2009 Spring)</i>, 2009, pp. 1–5.","chicago":"Bevermeier, Maik, Sven Peschke, and Reinhold Haeb-Umbach. “Joint Parameter Estimation and Tracking in a Multi-Stage Kalman Filter for Vehicle Positioning.” In <i>IEEE 69th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC 2009 Spring)</i>, 1–5, 2009. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/VETECS.2009.5073634\">https://doi.org/10.1109/VETECS.2009.5073634</a>.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Bevermeier_Peschke_Haeb-Umbach_2009, title={Joint Parameter Estimation and Tracking in a Multi-Stage Kalman Filter for Vehicle Positioning}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/VETECS.2009.5073634\">10.1109/VETECS.2009.5073634</a>}, booktitle={IEEE 69th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC 2009 Spring)}, author={Bevermeier, Maik and Peschke, Sven and Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold}, year={2009}, pages={1–5} }","mla":"Bevermeier, Maik, et al. “Joint Parameter Estimation and Tracking in a Multi-Stage Kalman Filter for Vehicle Positioning.” <i>IEEE 69th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC 2009 Spring)</i>, 2009, pp. 1–5, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/VETECS.2009.5073634\">10.1109/VETECS.2009.5073634</a>.","short":"M. Bevermeier, S. Peschke, R. Haeb-Umbach, in: IEEE 69th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC 2009 Spring), 2009, pp. 1–5.","apa":"Bevermeier, M., Peschke, S., &#38; Haeb-Umbach, R. (2009). Joint Parameter Estimation and Tracking in a Multi-Stage Kalman Filter for Vehicle Positioning. In <i>IEEE 69th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC 2009 Spring)</i> (pp. 1–5). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/VETECS.2009.5073634\">https://doi.org/10.1109/VETECS.2009.5073634</a>"},"keyword":["computational complexity","expectation-maximisation algorithm","Global Positioning System","inertial measurement unit","inertial navigation","interacting multiple model","iterative block expectation-maximization algorithm","Kalman filters","multi-stage Kalman filter","parameter estimation","road vehicles","vehicle positioning","vehicle tracking"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"11724","department":[{"_id":"54"}],"user_id":"44006","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"In this paper we present a novel vehicle tracking method which is based on multi-stage Kalman filtering of GPS and IMU sensor data. After individual Kalman filtering of GPS and IMU measurements the estimates of the orientation of the vehicle are combined in an optimal manner to improve the robustness towards drift errors. The tracking algorithm incorporates the estimation of time-variant covariance parameters by using an iterative block Expectation-Maximization algorithm to account for time-variant driving conditions and measurement quality. The proposed system is compared to an interacting multiple model approach (IMM) and achieves improved localization accuracy at lower computational complexity. Furthermore we show how the joint parameter estimation and localizaiton can be conducted with streaming input data to be able to track vehicles in a real driving environment."}],"status":"public","publication":"IEEE 69th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC 2009 Spring)","type":"conference"},{"year":"2009","citation":{"chicago":"Bevermeier, Maik, Sven Peschke, and Reinhold Haeb-Umbach. “Eine Plattform Fuer Mehrwertdienste Im Bereich Logistik - Drahtlose Fahrzeug- Und Laderaumueberwachung Fuer LKW Mit Hilfe Einer Maut-On-Board Unit.” In <i>DGON Navigationskonvent 2009</i>, 2009.","ieee":"M. Bevermeier, S. Peschke, and R. Haeb-Umbach, “Eine Plattform fuer Mehrwertdienste im Bereich Logistik - Drahtlose Fahrzeug- und Laderaumueberwachung fuer LKW mit Hilfe einer Maut-On-Board Unit,” in <i>DGON Navigationskonvent 2009</i>, 2009.","ama":"Bevermeier M, Peschke S, Haeb-Umbach R. Eine Plattform fuer Mehrwertdienste im Bereich Logistik - Drahtlose Fahrzeug- und Laderaumueberwachung fuer LKW mit Hilfe einer Maut-On-Board Unit. In: <i>DGON Navigationskonvent 2009</i>. ; 2009.","mla":"Bevermeier, Maik, et al. “Eine Plattform Fuer Mehrwertdienste Im Bereich Logistik - Drahtlose Fahrzeug- Und Laderaumueberwachung Fuer LKW Mit Hilfe Einer Maut-On-Board Unit.” <i>DGON Navigationskonvent 2009</i>, 2009.","short":"M. Bevermeier, S. Peschke, R. Haeb-Umbach, in: DGON Navigationskonvent 2009, 2009.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Bevermeier_Peschke_Haeb-Umbach_2009, title={Eine Plattform fuer Mehrwertdienste im Bereich Logistik - Drahtlose Fahrzeug- und Laderaumueberwachung fuer LKW mit Hilfe einer Maut-On-Board Unit}, booktitle={DGON Navigationskonvent 2009}, author={Bevermeier, Maik and Peschke, Sven and Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold}, year={2009} }","apa":"Bevermeier, M., Peschke, S., &#38; Haeb-Umbach, R. (2009). Eine Plattform fuer Mehrwertdienste im Bereich Logistik - Drahtlose Fahrzeug- und Laderaumueberwachung fuer LKW mit Hilfe einer Maut-On-Board Unit. In <i>DGON Navigationskonvent 2009</i>."},"date_updated":"2022-01-06T06:51:07Z","oa":"1","date_created":"2019-07-12T05:27:03Z","author":[{"last_name":"Bevermeier","full_name":"Bevermeier, Maik","first_name":"Maik"},{"full_name":"Peschke, Sven","last_name":"Peschke","first_name":"Sven"},{"id":"242","full_name":"Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold","last_name":"Haeb-Umbach","first_name":"Reinhold"}],"title":"Eine Plattform fuer Mehrwertdienste im Bereich Logistik - Drahtlose Fahrzeug- und Laderaumueberwachung fuer LKW mit Hilfe einer Maut-On-Board Unit","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://groups.uni-paderborn.de/nt/pubs/2009/BePeHa09-2.pdf"}],"publication":"DGON Navigationskonvent 2009","type":"conference","status":"public","_id":"11725","department":[{"_id":"54"}],"user_id":"44006","language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"year":"2009","citation":{"ama":"Krueger A, Haeb-Umbach R. Model based feature enhancement for automatic speech recognition in reverberant environments. In: <i>Interspeech 2009</i>. ; 2009.","ieee":"A. Krueger and R. Haeb-Umbach, “Model based feature enhancement for automatic speech recognition in reverberant environments,” in <i>Interspeech 2009</i>, 2009.","chicago":"Krueger, Alexander, and Reinhold Haeb-Umbach. “Model Based Feature Enhancement for Automatic Speech Recognition in Reverberant Environments.” In <i>Interspeech 2009</i>, 2009.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Krueger_Haeb-Umbach_2009, title={Model based feature enhancement for automatic speech recognition in reverberant environments}, booktitle={Interspeech 2009}, author={Krueger, Alexander and Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold}, year={2009} }","mla":"Krueger, Alexander, and Reinhold Haeb-Umbach. “Model Based Feature Enhancement for Automatic Speech Recognition in Reverberant Environments.” <i>Interspeech 2009</i>, 2009.","short":"A. Krueger, R. Haeb-Umbach, in: Interspeech 2009, 2009.","apa":"Krueger, A., &#38; Haeb-Umbach, R. (2009). Model based feature enhancement for automatic speech recognition in reverberant environments. In <i>Interspeech 2009</i>."},"title":"Model based feature enhancement for automatic speech recognition in reverberant environments","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://groups.uni-paderborn.de/nt/pubs/2009/KrHa09.pdf","open_access":"1"}],"date_updated":"2022-01-06T06:51:11Z","oa":"1","author":[{"first_name":"Alexander","last_name":"Krueger","full_name":"Krueger, Alexander"},{"last_name":"Haeb-Umbach","full_name":"Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold","id":"242","first_name":"Reinhold"}],"date_created":"2019-07-12T05:29:24Z","abstract":[{"text":"In this paper we present a new feature space dereverberation technique for automatic speech recognition. We derive an expression for the dependence of the reverberant speech features in the log-mel spectral domain on the non-reverberant speech features and the room impulse response. The obtained observation model is used for a model based speech enhancement based on Kalman filtering. The performance of the proposed enhancement technique is studied on the AURORA5 database. In our currently best configuration, which includes uncertainty decoding, the number of recognition errors is approximately halved compared to the recognition of unprocessed speech.","lang":"eng"}],"status":"public","publication":"Interspeech 2009","type":"conference","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"11847","department":[{"_id":"54"}],"user_id":"44006"},{"department":[{"_id":"54"}],"user_id":"44006","_id":"11859","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"International Conference on Acoustics (NAG/DAGA 2009)","type":"conference","status":"public","abstract":[{"text":"In this paper we present an Uncertainty Decoding rule which exploits feature reliability information and interframe correlation for noise robust speech recognition. The reliability information can be obtained either from conditional Bayesian estimation, where speech and noise feature vectors are tracked jointly, or by augmenting conventional point estimation methods with heuristics about the estimator's reliability. Experimental results on the AURORA2 database demonstrate on the one hand that Uncertainty Decoding improves recognition performance, while on the other hand it is seen that the severe approximations needed to arrive at computationally tractable solutions have their noticable impact on recognition performance.","lang":"eng"}],"date_created":"2019-07-12T05:29:38Z","author":[{"first_name":"Volker","last_name":"Leutnant","full_name":"Leutnant, Volker"},{"full_name":"Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold","id":"242","last_name":"Haeb-Umbach","first_name":"Reinhold"}],"oa":"1","date_updated":"2022-01-06T06:51:11Z","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://groups.uni-paderborn.de/nt/pubs/2009/LeHa09-1.pdf"}],"title":"On the Estimation and Use of Feature Reliability Information for Noise Robust Speech Recognition","citation":{"short":"V. Leutnant, R. Haeb-Umbach, in: International Conference on Acoustics (NAG/DAGA 2009), 2009.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Leutnant_Haeb-Umbach_2009, title={On the Estimation and Use of Feature Reliability Information for Noise Robust Speech Recognition}, booktitle={International Conference on Acoustics (NAG/DAGA 2009)}, author={Leutnant, Volker and Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold}, year={2009} }","mla":"Leutnant, Volker, and Reinhold Haeb-Umbach. “On the Estimation and Use of Feature Reliability Information for Noise Robust Speech Recognition.” <i>International Conference on Acoustics (NAG/DAGA 2009)</i>, 2009.","apa":"Leutnant, V., &#38; Haeb-Umbach, R. (2009). On the Estimation and Use of Feature Reliability Information for Noise Robust Speech Recognition. In <i>International Conference on Acoustics (NAG/DAGA 2009)</i>.","ama":"Leutnant V, Haeb-Umbach R. On the Estimation and Use of Feature Reliability Information for Noise Robust Speech Recognition. In: <i>International Conference on Acoustics (NAG/DAGA 2009)</i>. ; 2009.","chicago":"Leutnant, Volker, and Reinhold Haeb-Umbach. “On the Estimation and Use of Feature Reliability Information for Noise Robust Speech Recognition.” In <i>International Conference on Acoustics (NAG/DAGA 2009)</i>, 2009.","ieee":"V. Leutnant and R. Haeb-Umbach, “On the Estimation and Use of Feature Reliability Information for Noise Robust Speech Recognition,” in <i>International Conference on Acoustics (NAG/DAGA 2009)</i>, 2009."},"year":"2009"},{"year":"2009","citation":{"apa":"Leutnant, V., &#38; Haeb-Umbach, R. (2009). An analytic derivation of a phase-sensitive observation model for noise robust speech recognition. In <i>Interspeech 2009</i>.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Leutnant_Haeb-Umbach_2009, title={An analytic derivation of a phase-sensitive observation model for noise robust speech recognition}, booktitle={Interspeech 2009}, author={Leutnant, Volker and Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold}, year={2009} }","short":"V. Leutnant, R. Haeb-Umbach, in: Interspeech 2009, 2009.","mla":"Leutnant, Volker, and Reinhold Haeb-Umbach. “An Analytic Derivation of a Phase-Sensitive Observation Model for Noise Robust Speech Recognition.” <i>Interspeech 2009</i>, 2009.","chicago":"Leutnant, Volker, and Reinhold Haeb-Umbach. “An Analytic Derivation of a Phase-Sensitive Observation Model for Noise Robust Speech Recognition.” In <i>Interspeech 2009</i>, 2009.","ieee":"V. Leutnant and R. Haeb-Umbach, “An analytic derivation of a phase-sensitive observation model for noise robust speech recognition,” in <i>Interspeech 2009</i>, 2009.","ama":"Leutnant V, Haeb-Umbach R. An analytic derivation of a phase-sensitive observation model for noise robust speech recognition. In: <i>Interspeech 2009</i>. ; 2009."},"date_updated":"2022-01-06T06:51:11Z","oa":"1","date_created":"2019-07-12T05:29:39Z","author":[{"first_name":"Volker","full_name":"Leutnant, Volker","last_name":"Leutnant"},{"first_name":"Reinhold","last_name":"Haeb-Umbach","full_name":"Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold","id":"242"}],"title":"An analytic derivation of a phase-sensitive observation model for noise robust speech recognition","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://groups.uni-paderborn.de/nt/pubs/2009/LeHa09-2.pdf","open_access":"1"}],"type":"conference","publication":"Interspeech 2009","abstract":[{"text":"In this paper we present an analytic derivation of the moments of the phase factor between clean speech and noise cepstral or log-mel-spectral feature vectors. The development shows, among others, that the probability density of the phase factor is of sub-Gaussian nature and that it is independent of the noise type and the signal-to-noise ratio, however dependent on the mel filter bank index. Further we show how to compute the contribution of the phase factor to both the mean and the vari- ance of the noisy speech observation likelihood, which relates the speech and noise feature vectors to those of noisy speech. The resulting phase-sensitive observation model is then used in model-based speech feature enhancement, leading to significant improvements in word accuracy on the AURORA2 database.","lang":"eng"}],"status":"public","_id":"11860","user_id":"44006","department":[{"_id":"54"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"citation":{"bibtex":"@inproceedings{Peschke_Bevermeier_Haeb-Umbach_2009, title={A GPS positioning approach exploiting GSM velocity estimates}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/WPNC.2009.4907827\">10.1109/WPNC.2009.4907827</a>}, booktitle={6th Workshop on Positioning Navigation and Communication (WPNC 2009)}, author={Peschke, Sven and Bevermeier, Maik and Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold}, year={2009}, pages={195–202} }","short":"S. Peschke, M. Bevermeier, R. Haeb-Umbach, in: 6th Workshop on Positioning Navigation and Communication (WPNC 2009), 2009, pp. 195–202.","mla":"Peschke, Sven, et al. “A GPS Positioning Approach Exploiting GSM Velocity Estimates.” <i>6th Workshop on Positioning Navigation and Communication (WPNC 2009)</i>, 2009, pp. 195–202, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/WPNC.2009.4907827\">10.1109/WPNC.2009.4907827</a>.","apa":"Peschke, S., Bevermeier, M., &#38; Haeb-Umbach, R. (2009). A GPS positioning approach exploiting GSM velocity estimates. In <i>6th Workshop on Positioning Navigation and Communication (WPNC 2009)</i> (pp. 195–202). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/WPNC.2009.4907827\">https://doi.org/10.1109/WPNC.2009.4907827</a>","ama":"Peschke S, Bevermeier M, Haeb-Umbach R. A GPS positioning approach exploiting GSM velocity estimates. In: <i>6th Workshop on Positioning Navigation and Communication (WPNC 2009)</i>. ; 2009:195-202. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/WPNC.2009.4907827\">10.1109/WPNC.2009.4907827</a>","ieee":"S. Peschke, M. Bevermeier, and R. Haeb-Umbach, “A GPS positioning approach exploiting GSM velocity estimates,” in <i>6th Workshop on Positioning Navigation and Communication (WPNC 2009)</i>, 2009, pp. 195–202.","chicago":"Peschke, Sven, Maik Bevermeier, and Reinhold Haeb-Umbach. “A GPS Positioning Approach Exploiting GSM Velocity Estimates.” In <i>6th Workshop on Positioning Navigation and Communication (WPNC 2009)</i>, 195–202, 2009. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/WPNC.2009.4907827\">https://doi.org/10.1109/WPNC.2009.4907827</a>."},"page":"195-202","year":"2009","author":[{"last_name":"Peschke","full_name":"Peschke, Sven","first_name":"Sven"},{"first_name":"Maik","full_name":"Bevermeier, Maik","last_name":"Bevermeier"},{"id":"242","full_name":"Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold","last_name":"Haeb-Umbach","first_name":"Reinhold"}],"date_created":"2019-07-12T05:30:04Z","oa":"1","date_updated":"2022-01-06T06:51:11Z","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://groups.uni-paderborn.de/nt/pubs/2009/PeBeHa09-1.pdf","open_access":"1"}],"doi":"10.1109/WPNC.2009.4907827","title":"A GPS positioning approach exploiting GSM velocity estimates","type":"conference","publication":"6th Workshop on Positioning Navigation and Communication (WPNC 2009)","status":"public","abstract":[{"text":"A combination of GPS (global positioning system) and INS (inertial navigation system) is known to provide high precision and highly robust vehicle localization. Notably during times when the GPS signal has a poor quality, e.g. due to the lack of a sufficiently large number of visible satellites, the INS, which may consist of a gyroscope and an odometer, will lead to improved positioning accuracy. In this paper we show how velocity information obtained from GSM (global system for mobile communications) signalling, rather than from a tachometer, can be used together with a gyroscope sensor to support localization in the presence of temporarily unavailable GPS data. We propose a sensor fusion system architecture and present simulation results that show the effectiveness of this approach.","lang":"eng"}],"user_id":"44006","department":[{"_id":"54"}],"_id":"11881","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"keyword":["cellular radio","distance measurement","global positioning system","Global Positioning System","global system for mobile communications","GPS positioning approach","GSM velocity","gyroscopes","gyroscope sensor","inertial navigation","inertial navigation system","odometer","sensor fusion system architecture","sensors"]},{"year":"2009","citation":{"short":"S. Peschke, M. Bevermeier, R. Haeb-Umbach, in: DGON Navigationskonvent 2009, 2009.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Peschke_Bevermeier_Haeb-Umbach_2009, title={Verbesserung von GPS-basierter Ortung durch GSM-Geschwindigkeitsschaetzungen}, booktitle={DGON Navigationskonvent 2009}, author={Peschke, Sven and Bevermeier, Maik and Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold}, year={2009} }","mla":"Peschke, Sven, et al. “Verbesserung von GPS-Basierter Ortung Durch GSM-Geschwindigkeitsschaetzungen.” <i>DGON Navigationskonvent 2009</i>, 2009.","apa":"Peschke, S., Bevermeier, M., &#38; Haeb-Umbach, R. (2009). Verbesserung von GPS-basierter Ortung durch GSM-Geschwindigkeitsschaetzungen. In <i>DGON Navigationskonvent 2009</i>.","ieee":"S. Peschke, M. Bevermeier, and R. Haeb-Umbach, “Verbesserung von GPS-basierter Ortung durch GSM-Geschwindigkeitsschaetzungen,” in <i>DGON Navigationskonvent 2009</i>, 2009.","chicago":"Peschke, Sven, Maik Bevermeier, and Reinhold Haeb-Umbach. “Verbesserung von GPS-Basierter Ortung Durch GSM-Geschwindigkeitsschaetzungen.” In <i>DGON Navigationskonvent 2009</i>, 2009.","ama":"Peschke S, Bevermeier M, Haeb-Umbach R. Verbesserung von GPS-basierter Ortung durch GSM-Geschwindigkeitsschaetzungen. In: <i>DGON Navigationskonvent 2009</i>. ; 2009."},"oa":"1","date_updated":"2022-01-06T06:51:11Z","date_created":"2019-07-12T05:30:05Z","author":[{"full_name":"Peschke, Sven","last_name":"Peschke","first_name":"Sven"},{"last_name":"Bevermeier","full_name":"Bevermeier, Maik","first_name":"Maik"},{"first_name":"Reinhold","last_name":"Haeb-Umbach","full_name":"Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold","id":"242"}],"title":"Verbesserung von GPS-basierter Ortung durch GSM-Geschwindigkeitsschaetzungen","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://groups.uni-paderborn.de/nt/pubs/2009/PeBeHa09-2.pdf","open_access":"1"}],"publication":"DGON Navigationskonvent 2009","type":"conference","status":"public","_id":"11882","department":[{"_id":"54"}],"user_id":"44006","language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://groups.uni-paderborn.de/nt/pubs/2009/WiHa09-1.pdf","open_access":"1"}],"doi":"10.1109/TASL.2009.2014894","author":[{"first_name":"Stefan","last_name":"Windmann","full_name":"Windmann, Stefan"},{"first_name":"Reinhold","id":"242","full_name":"Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold","last_name":"Haeb-Umbach"}],"volume":17,"date_updated":"2022-01-06T06:51:12Z","oa":"1","citation":{"apa":"Windmann, S., &#38; Haeb-Umbach, R. (2009). Approaches to Iterative Speech Feature Enhancement and Recognition. <i>IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing</i>, <i>17</i>(5), 974–984. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/TASL.2009.2014894\">https://doi.org/10.1109/TASL.2009.2014894</a>","short":"S. Windmann, R. Haeb-Umbach, IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing 17 (2009) 974–984.","mla":"Windmann, Stefan, and Reinhold Haeb-Umbach. “Approaches to Iterative Speech Feature Enhancement and Recognition.” <i>IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing</i>, vol. 17, no. 5, 2009, pp. 974–84, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/TASL.2009.2014894\">10.1109/TASL.2009.2014894</a>.","bibtex":"@article{Windmann_Haeb-Umbach_2009, title={Approaches to Iterative Speech Feature Enhancement and Recognition}, volume={17}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/TASL.2009.2014894\">10.1109/TASL.2009.2014894</a>}, number={5}, journal={IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing}, author={Windmann, Stefan and Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold}, year={2009}, pages={974–984} }","ama":"Windmann S, Haeb-Umbach R. Approaches to Iterative Speech Feature Enhancement and Recognition. <i>IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing</i>. 2009;17(5):974-984. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/TASL.2009.2014894\">10.1109/TASL.2009.2014894</a>","chicago":"Windmann, Stefan, and Reinhold Haeb-Umbach. “Approaches to Iterative Speech Feature Enhancement and Recognition.” <i>IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing</i> 17, no. 5 (2009): 974–84. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/TASL.2009.2014894\">https://doi.org/10.1109/TASL.2009.2014894</a>.","ieee":"S. Windmann and R. Haeb-Umbach, “Approaches to Iterative Speech Feature Enhancement and Recognition,” <i>IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing</i>, vol. 17, no. 5, pp. 974–984, 2009."},"page":"974-984","intvolume":"        17","user_id":"44006","department":[{"_id":"54"}],"_id":"11937","status":"public","type":"journal_article","title":"Approaches to Iterative Speech Feature Enhancement and Recognition","date_created":"2019-07-12T05:31:08Z","year":"2009","issue":"5","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"keyword":["AURORA2 databases","AURORA4 databases","automatic speech recognition","feedback structures","hidden Markov models","HMM","iterative methods","iterative speech feature enhancement","model probabilities","speech decoding","speech enhancement","speech feature distribution","speech recognition","switching linear dynamic models"],"abstract":[{"text":"In automatic speech recognition, hidden Markov models (HMMs) are commonly used for speech decoding, while switching linear dynamic models (SLDMs) can be employed for a preceding model-based speech feature enhancement. In this paper, these model types are combined in order to obtain a novel iterative speech feature enhancement and recognition architecture. It is shown that speech feature enhancement with SLDMs can be improved by feeding back information from the HMM to the enhancement stage. Two different feedback structures are derived. In the first, the posteriors of the HMM states are used to control the model probabilities of the SLDMs, while in the second they are employed to directly influence the estimate of the speech feature distribution. Both approaches lead to improvements in recognition accuracy both on the AURORA2 and AURORA4 databases compared to non-iterative speech feature enhancement with SLDMs. It is also shown that a combination with uncertainty decoding further enhances performance.","lang":"eng"}],"publication":"IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing"},{"type":"journal_article","publication":"IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing","status":"public","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"In this paper, parameter estimation of a state-space model of noise or noisy speech cepstra is investigated. A blockwise EM algorithm is derived for the estimation of the state and observation noise covariance from noise-only input data. It is supposed to be used during the offline training mode of a speech recognizer. Further a sequential online EM algorithm is developed to adapt the observation noise covariance on noisy speech cepstra at its input. The estimated parameters are then used in model-based speech feature enhancement for noise-robust automatic speech recognition. Experiments on the AURORA4 database lead to improved recognition results with a linear state model compared to the assumption of stationary noise."}],"user_id":"44006","department":[{"_id":"54"}],"_id":"11938","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"keyword":["AURORA4 database","blockwise EM algorithm","covariance analysis","linear state model","noise covariance","noise-robust automatic speech recognition","noisy speech cepstra","offline training mode","parameter estimation","speech recognition","speech recognition equipment","speech recognizer","state-space methods","state-space model"],"issue":"8","citation":{"bibtex":"@article{Windmann_Haeb-Umbach_2009, title={Parameter Estimation of a State-Space Model of Noise for Robust Speech Recognition}, volume={17}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/TASL.2009.2023172\">10.1109/TASL.2009.2023172</a>}, number={8}, journal={IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing}, author={Windmann, Stefan and Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold}, year={2009}, pages={1577–1590} }","short":"S. Windmann, R. Haeb-Umbach, IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing 17 (2009) 1577–1590.","mla":"Windmann, Stefan, and Reinhold Haeb-Umbach. “Parameter Estimation of a State-Space Model of Noise for Robust Speech Recognition.” <i>IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing</i>, vol. 17, no. 8, 2009, pp. 1577–90, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/TASL.2009.2023172\">10.1109/TASL.2009.2023172</a>.","apa":"Windmann, S., &#38; Haeb-Umbach, R. (2009). Parameter Estimation of a State-Space Model of Noise for Robust Speech Recognition. <i>IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing</i>, <i>17</i>(8), 1577–1590. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/TASL.2009.2023172\">https://doi.org/10.1109/TASL.2009.2023172</a>","chicago":"Windmann, Stefan, and Reinhold Haeb-Umbach. “Parameter Estimation of a State-Space Model of Noise for Robust Speech Recognition.” <i>IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing</i> 17, no. 8 (2009): 1577–90. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/TASL.2009.2023172\">https://doi.org/10.1109/TASL.2009.2023172</a>.","ieee":"S. Windmann and R. Haeb-Umbach, “Parameter Estimation of a State-Space Model of Noise for Robust Speech Recognition,” <i>IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing</i>, vol. 17, no. 8, pp. 1577–1590, 2009.","ama":"Windmann S, Haeb-Umbach R. Parameter Estimation of a State-Space Model of Noise for Robust Speech Recognition. <i>IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing</i>. 2009;17(8):1577-1590. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/TASL.2009.2023172\">10.1109/TASL.2009.2023172</a>"},"intvolume":"        17","page":"1577-1590","year":"2009","author":[{"first_name":"Stefan","full_name":"Windmann, Stefan","last_name":"Windmann"},{"first_name":"Reinhold","full_name":"Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold","id":"242","last_name":"Haeb-Umbach"}],"date_created":"2019-07-12T05:31:09Z","volume":17,"date_updated":"2022-01-06T06:51:12Z","oa":"1","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://groups.uni-paderborn.de/nt/pubs/2009/WiHa09-2.pdf"}],"doi":"10.1109/TASL.2009.2023172","title":"Parameter Estimation of a State-Space Model of Noise for Robust Speech Recognition"},{"doi":"10.1007/s11036-009-0174-5","title":"Simulation of Ad Hoc Routing Protocols using OMNeT++","author":[{"orcid":"0000-0002-4336-7350","last_name":"Sommer","id":"49154","full_name":"Sommer, Christoph","first_name":"Christoph"},{"first_name":"Isabel","last_name":"Dietrich","full_name":"Dietrich, Isabel"},{"last_name":"Dressler","full_name":"Dressler, Falko","first_name":"Falko"}],"date_created":"2019-07-18T09:55:21Z","date_updated":"2022-01-06T06:51:16Z","citation":{"mla":"Sommer, Christoph, et al. “Simulation of Ad Hoc Routing Protocols Using OMNeT++.” <i>Mobile Networks and Applications</i>, 2009, pp. 786–801, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11036-009-0174-5\">10.1007/s11036-009-0174-5</a>.","short":"C. Sommer, I. Dietrich, F. Dressler, Mobile Networks and Applications (2009) 786–801.","bibtex":"@article{Sommer_Dietrich_Dressler_2009, title={Simulation of Ad Hoc Routing Protocols using OMNeT++}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11036-009-0174-5\">10.1007/s11036-009-0174-5</a>}, journal={Mobile Networks and Applications}, author={Sommer, Christoph and Dietrich, Isabel and Dressler, Falko}, year={2009}, pages={786–801} }","apa":"Sommer, C., Dietrich, I., &#38; Dressler, F. (2009). Simulation of Ad Hoc Routing Protocols using OMNeT++. <i>Mobile Networks and Applications</i>, 786–801. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11036-009-0174-5\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s11036-009-0174-5</a>","ama":"Sommer C, Dietrich I, Dressler F. Simulation of Ad Hoc Routing Protocols using OMNeT++. <i>Mobile Networks and Applications</i>. 2009:786-801. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11036-009-0174-5\">10.1007/s11036-009-0174-5</a>","ieee":"C. Sommer, I. Dietrich, and F. Dressler, “Simulation of Ad Hoc Routing Protocols using OMNeT++,” <i>Mobile Networks and Applications</i>, pp. 786–801, 2009.","chicago":"Sommer, Christoph, Isabel Dietrich, and Falko Dressler. “Simulation of Ad Hoc Routing Protocols Using OMNeT++.” <i>Mobile Networks and Applications</i>, 2009, 786–801. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11036-009-0174-5\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s11036-009-0174-5</a>."},"page":"786-801","year":"2009","publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1383-469X","1572-8153"]},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"user_id":"49154","department":[{"_id":"589"}],"_id":"12060","status":"public","type":"journal_article","publication":"Mobile Networks and Applications"},{"page":"126-143","intvolume":"        41","citation":{"apa":"Börstler, J., S. Hall, M., Nordström, M., H. Paterson, J., Sanders, K., Schulte, C., &#38; Thomas, L. (2009). An evaluation of object oriented example programs in introductory programming textbooks. <i>SIGCSE Bulletin</i>, <i>41</i>(4), 126–143.","bibtex":"@article{Börstler_S. Hall_Nordström_H. Paterson_Sanders_Schulte_Thomas_2009, title={An evaluation of object oriented example programs in introductory programming textbooks}, volume={41}, number={4}, journal={SIGCSE Bulletin}, author={Börstler, Jürgen and S. Hall, Mark and Nordström, Marie and H. Paterson, James and Sanders, Kate and Schulte, Carsten and Thomas, Lynda}, year={2009}, pages={126–143} }","mla":"Börstler, Jürgen, et al. “An Evaluation of Object Oriented Example Programs in Introductory Programming Textbooks.” <i>SIGCSE Bulletin</i>, vol. 41, no. 4, 2009, pp. 126–43.","short":"J. Börstler, M. S. Hall, M. Nordström, J. H. Paterson, K. Sanders, C. Schulte, L. Thomas, SIGCSE Bulletin 41 (2009) 126–143.","ama":"Börstler J, S. Hall M, Nordström M, et al. An evaluation of object oriented example programs in introductory programming textbooks. <i>SIGCSE Bulletin</i>. 2009;41(4):126-143.","ieee":"J. Börstler <i>et al.</i>, “An evaluation of object oriented example programs in introductory programming textbooks,” <i>SIGCSE Bulletin</i>, vol. 41, no. 4, pp. 126–143, 2009.","chicago":"Börstler, Jürgen, Mark S. Hall, Marie Nordström, James H. Paterson, Kate Sanders, Carsten Schulte, and Lynda Thomas. “An Evaluation of Object Oriented Example Programs in Introductory Programming Textbooks.” <i>SIGCSE Bulletin</i> 41, no. 4 (2009): 126–43."},"year":"2009","issue":"4","title":"An evaluation of object oriented example programs in introductory programming textbooks","volume":41,"author":[{"last_name":"Börstler","full_name":"Börstler, Jürgen","first_name":"Jürgen"},{"full_name":"S. Hall, Mark","last_name":"S. Hall","first_name":"Mark"},{"first_name":"Marie","last_name":"Nordström","full_name":"Nordström, Marie"},{"full_name":"H. Paterson, James","last_name":"H. Paterson","first_name":"James"},{"first_name":"Kate","last_name":"Sanders","full_name":"Sanders, Kate"},{"first_name":"Carsten","id":"60311","full_name":"Schulte, Carsten","last_name":"Schulte"},{"last_name":"Thomas","full_name":"Thomas, Lynda","first_name":"Lynda"}],"date_created":"2020-01-28T10:29:22Z","date_updated":"2022-01-06T06:52:31Z","status":"public","publication":"SIGCSE Bulletin","type":"journal_article","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"department":[{"_id":"67"}],"user_id":"21145","_id":"15680"},{"page":"219-225","citation":{"apa":"Schulte, C., &#38; Tolksdorf, R. (2009). Qualitätssicherung in einer interaktiven und lerneraktivierenden E-Learning-Umgebung. In <i>DeLFI Workshops</i> (pp. 219–225). Logos Verlag.","mla":"Schulte, Carsten, and Robert Tolksdorf. “Qualitätssicherung in Einer Interaktiven Und Lerneraktivierenden E-Learning-Umgebung.” <i>DeLFI Workshops</i>, Logos Verlag, 2009, pp. 219–25.","short":"C. Schulte, R. Tolksdorf, in: DeLFI Workshops, Logos Verlag, 2009, pp. 219–225.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Schulte_Tolksdorf_2009, title={Qualitätssicherung in einer interaktiven und lerneraktivierenden E-Learning-Umgebung}, booktitle={DeLFI Workshops}, publisher={Logos Verlag}, author={Schulte, Carsten and Tolksdorf, Robert}, year={2009}, pages={219–225} }","ama":"Schulte C, Tolksdorf R. Qualitätssicherung in einer interaktiven und lerneraktivierenden E-Learning-Umgebung. In: <i>DeLFI Workshops</i>. Logos Verlag; 2009:219-225.","ieee":"C. Schulte and R. Tolksdorf, “Qualitätssicherung in einer interaktiven und lerneraktivierenden E-Learning-Umgebung,” in <i>DeLFI Workshops</i>, 2009, pp. 219–225.","chicago":"Schulte, Carsten, and Robert Tolksdorf. “Qualitätssicherung in Einer Interaktiven Und Lerneraktivierenden E-Learning-Umgebung.” In <i>DeLFI Workshops</i>, 219–25. Logos Verlag, 2009."},"year":"2009","author":[{"last_name":"Schulte","full_name":"Schulte, Carsten","id":"60311","first_name":"Carsten"},{"first_name":"Robert","full_name":"Tolksdorf, Robert","last_name":"Tolksdorf"}],"date_created":"2020-01-28T10:29:23Z","publisher":"Logos Verlag","date_updated":"2022-01-06T06:52:31Z","title":"Qualitätssicherung in einer interaktiven und lerneraktivierenden E-Learning-Umgebung","publication":"DeLFI Workshops","type":"conference","status":"public","department":[{"_id":"67"}],"user_id":"21145","_id":"15681","language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"type":"conference","publication":"ICER","status":"public","_id":"15682","user_id":"21145","department":[{"_id":"67"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"2009","citation":{"ieee":"A. Ehlert and C. Schulte, “Empirical comparison of objects-first and objects-later,” in <i>ICER</i>, 2009, pp. 15–26.","chicago":"Ehlert, Albrecht, and Carsten Schulte. “Empirical Comparison of Objects-First and Objects-Later.” In <i>ICER</i>, 15–26. ACM, 2009.","ama":"Ehlert A, Schulte C. Empirical comparison of objects-first and objects-later. In: <i>ICER</i>. ACM; 2009:15-26.","apa":"Ehlert, A., &#38; Schulte, C. (2009). Empirical comparison of objects-first and objects-later. In <i>ICER</i> (pp. 15–26). ACM.","mla":"Ehlert, Albrecht, and Carsten Schulte. “Empirical Comparison of Objects-First and Objects-Later.” <i>ICER</i>, ACM, 2009, pp. 15–26.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Ehlert_Schulte_2009, title={Empirical comparison of objects-first and objects-later}, booktitle={ICER}, publisher={ACM}, author={Ehlert, Albrecht and Schulte, Carsten}, year={2009}, pages={15–26} }","short":"A. Ehlert, C. Schulte, in: ICER, ACM, 2009, pp. 15–26."},"page":"15-26","publisher":"ACM","date_updated":"2022-01-06T06:52:31Z","date_created":"2020-01-28T10:29:24Z","author":[{"first_name":"Albrecht","last_name":"Ehlert","full_name":"Ehlert, Albrecht"},{"first_name":"Carsten","last_name":"Schulte","id":"60311","full_name":"Schulte, Carsten"}],"title":"Empirical comparison of objects-first and objects-later"},{"author":[{"first_name":"Torsten","last_name":"Brinda","full_name":"Brinda, Torsten"},{"first_name":"Hermann","last_name":"Puhlmann","full_name":"Puhlmann, Hermann"},{"first_name":"Carsten","last_name":"Schulte","full_name":"Schulte, Carsten","id":"60311"}],"date_created":"2020-01-28T10:29:25Z","date_updated":"2022-01-06T06:52:31Z","publisher":"ACM","title":"Bridging ICT and CS: educational standards for computer science in lower secondary education","citation":{"ieee":"T. Brinda, H. Puhlmann, and C. Schulte, “Bridging ICT and CS: educational standards for computer science in lower secondary education,” in <i>ITiCSE</i>, 2009, pp. 288–292.","chicago":"Brinda, Torsten, Hermann Puhlmann, and Carsten Schulte. “Bridging ICT and CS: Educational Standards for Computer Science in Lower Secondary Education.” In <i>ITiCSE</i>, 288–92. ACM, 2009.","ama":"Brinda T, Puhlmann H, Schulte C. Bridging ICT and CS: educational standards for computer science in lower secondary education. In: <i>ITiCSE</i>. ACM; 2009:288-292.","apa":"Brinda, T., Puhlmann, H., &#38; Schulte, C. (2009). Bridging ICT and CS: educational standards for computer science in lower secondary education. In <i>ITiCSE</i> (pp. 288–292). ACM.","mla":"Brinda, Torsten, et al. “Bridging ICT and CS: Educational Standards for Computer Science in Lower Secondary Education.” <i>ITiCSE</i>, ACM, 2009, pp. 288–92.","short":"T. Brinda, H. Puhlmann, C. Schulte, in: ITiCSE, ACM, 2009, pp. 288–292.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Brinda_Puhlmann_Schulte_2009, title={Bridging ICT and CS: educational standards for computer science in lower secondary education}, booktitle={ITiCSE}, publisher={ACM}, author={Brinda, Torsten and Puhlmann, Hermann and Schulte, Carsten}, year={2009}, pages={288–292} }"},"page":"288-292","year":"2009","user_id":"21145","department":[{"_id":"67"}],"_id":"15683","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"type":"conference","publication":"ITiCSE","status":"public"},{"year":"2009","citation":{"ieee":"A. Ehlert and C. Schulte, “Unterschiede im Lernerfolg von Schülerinnen und Sch\\üern in Abhängigkeit von der zeitlichen Reihenfolge der Themen (OOP-First bzw. OOP-Later),” in <i>INFOS</i>, 2009, vol. P-156, pp. 121–132.","chicago":"Ehlert, Albrecht, and Carsten Schulte. “Unterschiede im Lernerfolg von Schülerinnen und Sch\\üern in Abhängigkeit von der zeitlichen Reihenfolge der Themen (OOP-First bzw. OOP-Later).” In <i>INFOS</i>, P-156:121–32. LNI. GI, 2009.","ama":"Ehlert A, Schulte C. Unterschiede im Lernerfolg von Schülerinnen und Sch\\üern in Abhängigkeit von der zeitlichen Reihenfolge der Themen (OOP-First bzw. OOP-Later). In: <i>INFOS</i>. Vol P-156. LNI. GI; 2009:121-132.","short":"A. Ehlert, C. Schulte, in: INFOS, GI, 2009, pp. 121–132.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Ehlert_Schulte_2009, series={LNI}, title={Unterschiede im Lernerfolg von Schülerinnen und Sch\\üern in Abhängigkeit von der zeitlichen Reihenfolge der Themen (OOP-First bzw. OOP-Later)}, volume={P-156}, booktitle={INFOS}, publisher={GI}, author={Ehlert, Albrecht and Schulte, Carsten}, year={2009}, pages={121–132}, collection={LNI} }","mla":"Ehlert, Albrecht, and Carsten Schulte. “Unterschiede im Lernerfolg von Schülerinnen und Sch\\üern in Abhängigkeit von der zeitlichen Reihenfolge der Themen (OOP-First bzw. OOP-Later).” <i>INFOS</i>, vol. P-156, GI, 2009, pp. 121–32.","apa":"Ehlert, A., &#38; Schulte, C. (2009). Unterschiede im Lernerfolg von Schülerinnen und Sch\\üern in Abhängigkeit von der zeitlichen Reihenfolge der Themen (OOP-First bzw. OOP-Later). In <i>INFOS</i> (Vol. P-156, pp. 121–132). GI."},"page":"121-132","title":"Unterschiede im Lernerfolg von Schülerinnen und Sch\\üern in Abhängigkeit von der zeitlichen Reihenfolge der Themen (OOP-First bzw. OOP-Later)","date_updated":"2022-01-06T06:52:31Z","publisher":"GI","date_created":"2020-01-28T10:29:26Z","author":[{"full_name":"Ehlert, Albrecht","last_name":"Ehlert","first_name":"Albrecht"},{"first_name":"Carsten","id":"60311","full_name":"Schulte, Carsten","last_name":"Schulte"}],"volume":"P-156","status":"public","type":"conference","publication":"INFOS","language":[{"iso":"ger"}],"_id":"15684","user_id":"21145","series_title":"LNI","department":[{"_id":"67"}]},{"status":"public","publication":"INFOS","type":"conference","language":[{"iso":"ger"}],"_id":"15685","department":[{"_id":"67"}],"series_title":"LNI","user_id":"21145","year":"2009","page":"268-279","citation":{"ieee":"J. Koubek, C. Schulte, P. Schulze, and H. Witten, “Informatik im Kontext (IniK) - Ein integratives Unterrichtskonzept für den Informatikunterricht,” in <i>INFOS</i>, 2009, vol. 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