---
_id: '45742'
author:
- first_name: T.
  full_name: Reimer, T.
  last_name: Reimer
- first_name: Lena
  full_name: Steinhoff, Lena
  id: '4336'
  last_name: Steinhoff
- first_name: M.
  full_name: Leyer, M.
  last_name: Leyer
citation:
  ama: 'Reimer T, Steinhoff L, Leyer M. “Dear Stranger, This Looks Good on You”: The
    Effect of Ambiguous Interactive Virtual Presence on Store Loyalty in Offline Retailing.
    In: <i>2020 AMA Winter Academic Conference Proceedings, San Diego.</i> ; 2020.'
  apa: 'Reimer, T., Steinhoff, L., &#38; Leyer, M. (2020). “Dear Stranger, This Looks
    Good on You”: The Effect of Ambiguous Interactive Virtual Presence on Store Loyalty
    in Offline Retailing. <i>2020 AMA Winter Academic Conference Proceedings, San
    Diego.</i> 2020 Winter AMA Conference Proceedings, San Diego.'
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Reimer_Steinhoff_Leyer_2020, title={“Dear Stranger, This
    Looks Good on You”: The Effect of Ambiguous Interactive Virtual Presence on Store
    Loyalty in Offline Retailing}, booktitle={2020 AMA Winter Academic Conference
    Proceedings, San Diego.}, author={Reimer, T. and Steinhoff, Lena and Leyer, M.},
    year={2020} }'
  chicago: 'Reimer, T., Lena Steinhoff, and M. Leyer. “‘Dear Stranger, This Looks
    Good on You’: The Effect of Ambiguous Interactive Virtual Presence on Store Loyalty
    in Offline Retailing.” In <i>2020 AMA Winter Academic Conference Proceedings,
    San Diego.</i>, 2020.'
  ieee: 'T. Reimer, L. Steinhoff, and M. Leyer, “‘Dear Stranger, This Looks Good on
    You’: The Effect of Ambiguous Interactive Virtual Presence on Store Loyalty in
    Offline Retailing,” presented at the 2020 Winter AMA Conference Proceedings, San
    Diego, 2020.'
  mla: 'Reimer, T., et al. “‘Dear Stranger, This Looks Good on You’: The Effect of
    Ambiguous Interactive Virtual Presence on Store Loyalty in Offline Retailing.”
    <i>2020 AMA Winter Academic Conference Proceedings, San Diego.</i>, 2020.'
  short: 'T. Reimer, L. Steinhoff, M. Leyer, in: 2020 AMA Winter Academic Conference
    Proceedings, San Diego., 2020.'
conference:
  location: San Diego
  name: 2020 Winter AMA Conference Proceedings
date_created: 2023-06-22T16:58:40Z
date_updated: 2026-01-13T09:30:51Z
department:
- _id: '733'
language:
- iso: eng
publication: 2020 AMA Winter Academic Conference Proceedings, San Diego.
publication_status: published
status: public
title: '“Dear Stranger, This Looks Good on You”: The Effect of Ambiguous Interactive
  Virtual Presence on Store Loyalty in Offline Retailing'
type: conference
user_id: '102525'
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '38051'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: <jats:p>The characterisation of loss in optical waveguides is essential in
    understanding the performance of these devices and their limitations. Whilst interferometric-based
    methods generally provide the best results for low-loss waveguides, they are almost
    exclusively used to provide characterization in cases where the waveguide is spatially
    single-mode. Here, we introduce a Fabry-Pérot-based scheme to estimate the losses
    of a nonlinear (birefringent or quasi-phase matched) waveguide at a wavelength
    where it is multi-mode. The method involves measuring the generated second harmonic
    power as the pump wavelength is scanned over the phase matching region. Furthermore,
    it is shown that this method allows one to infer the losses of different second
    harmonic spatial modes by scanning the pump field over the separated phase matching
    spectra. By fitting the measured phase matching spectra from different titanium
    indiffused lithium niobate waveguides to the model presented in this paper, it
    is shown that one can estimate the second harmonic losses of a single spatial-mode,
    at wavelengths where the waveguides are spatially multi-mode.</jats:p>
article_number: '5507'
author:
- first_name: Matteo
  full_name: Santandrea, Matteo
  id: '55095'
  last_name: Santandrea
  orcid: 0000-0001-5718-358X
- first_name: Michael
  full_name: Stefszky, Michael
  id: '42777'
  last_name: Stefszky
- first_name: Ganaël
  full_name: Roeland, Ganaël
  last_name: Roeland
- first_name: Christine
  full_name: Silberhorn, Christine
  id: '26263'
  last_name: Silberhorn
citation:
  ama: Santandrea M, Stefszky M, Roeland G, Silberhorn C. Interferometric method for
    determining the losses of spatially multi-mode nonlinear waveguides based on second
    harmonic generation. <i>Optics Express</i>. 2020;28(4). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.380788">10.1364/oe.380788</a>
  apa: Santandrea, M., Stefszky, M., Roeland, G., &#38; Silberhorn, C. (2020). Interferometric
    method for determining the losses of spatially multi-mode nonlinear waveguides
    based on second harmonic generation. <i>Optics Express</i>, <i>28</i>(4), Article
    5507. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.380788">https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.380788</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Santandrea_Stefszky_Roeland_Silberhorn_2020, title={Interferometric
    method for determining the losses of spatially multi-mode nonlinear waveguides
    based on second harmonic generation.}, volume={28}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.380788">10.1364/oe.380788</a>},
    number={45507}, journal={Optics Express}, publisher={Optica Publishing Group},
    author={Santandrea, Matteo and Stefszky, Michael and Roeland, Ganaël and Silberhorn,
    Christine}, year={2020} }'
  chicago: Santandrea, Matteo, Michael Stefszky, Ganaël Roeland, and Christine Silberhorn.
    “Interferometric Method for Determining the Losses of Spatially Multi-Mode Nonlinear
    Waveguides Based on Second Harmonic Generation.” <i>Optics Express</i> 28, no.
    4 (2020). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.380788">https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.380788</a>.
  ieee: 'M. Santandrea, M. Stefszky, G. Roeland, and C. Silberhorn, “Interferometric
    method for determining the losses of spatially multi-mode nonlinear waveguides
    based on second harmonic generation.,” <i>Optics Express</i>, vol. 28, no. 4,
    Art. no. 5507, 2020, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.380788">10.1364/oe.380788</a>.'
  mla: Santandrea, Matteo, et al. “Interferometric Method for Determining the Losses
    of Spatially Multi-Mode Nonlinear Waveguides Based on Second Harmonic Generation.”
    <i>Optics Express</i>, vol. 28, no. 4, 5507, Optica Publishing Group, 2020, doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.380788">10.1364/oe.380788</a>.
  short: M. Santandrea, M. Stefszky, G. Roeland, C. Silberhorn, Optics Express 28
    (2020).
date_created: 2023-01-23T09:51:53Z
date_updated: 2026-01-16T10:23:16Z
department:
- _id: '288'
- _id: '15'
doi: 10.1364/oe.380788
intvolume: '        28'
issue: '4'
keyword:
- Atomic and Molecular Physics
- and Optics
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Optics Express
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1094-4087
publication_status: published
publisher: Optica Publishing Group
status: public
title: Interferometric method for determining the losses of spatially multi-mode nonlinear
  waveguides based on second harmonic generation.
type: journal_article
user_id: '42777'
volume: 28
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '63781'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: '<jats:p> Triggering the energy-efficient behavior of agents in firms simultaneously
    decreases costs and mitigates CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> emissions. If firms use
    team tournaments to increase energy-efficient behavior and thus employee performance,
    they may face unintended consequences, like a bifurcation effect: Individuals
    drop out if they believe that they cannot win the contest. By contrast, high-performing
    employees may overexert themselves. Additionally, some individuals might be tempted
    to free-ride. In a field experiment with truck drivers, we analyze whether proportional
    sharing of the bonus within teams based on individual effort instead of egalitarian
    sharing reduces both bifurcation and free-riding during team tournaments. Our
    results reveal that (1) the team contest improves performance; (2) this increase
    in performance is overall slightly stronger under the proportional than under
    the egalitarian sharing rule, using ceteris paribus comparisons; and (3) the performance
    increase is mainly driven by the team member performing worse. </jats:p>'
author:
- first_name: Christin
  full_name: Hoffmann, Christin
  last_name: Hoffmann
- first_name: Kirsten
  full_name: Thommes, Kirsten
  id: '72497'
  last_name: Thommes
citation:
  ama: Hoffmann C, Thommes K. Combining Egalitarian and Proportional Sharing Rules
    in Team Tournaments to Incentivize Energy-Efficient Behavior in a Principal-Agent
    Context. <i>Organization &#38;amp; Environment</i>. 2020;35(2):307-331. doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1177/1086026620945343">10.1177/1086026620945343</a>
  apa: Hoffmann, C., &#38; Thommes, K. (2020). Combining Egalitarian and Proportional
    Sharing Rules in Team Tournaments to Incentivize Energy-Efficient Behavior in
    a Principal-Agent Context. <i>Organization &#38;amp; Environment</i>, <i>35</i>(2),
    307–331. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1177/1086026620945343">https://doi.org/10.1177/1086026620945343</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Hoffmann_Thommes_2020, title={Combining Egalitarian and Proportional
    Sharing Rules in Team Tournaments to Incentivize Energy-Efficient Behavior in
    a Principal-Agent Context}, volume={35}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1177/1086026620945343">10.1177/1086026620945343</a>},
    number={2}, journal={Organization &#38;amp; Environment}, publisher={SAGE Publications},
    author={Hoffmann, Christin and Thommes, Kirsten}, year={2020}, pages={307–331}
    }'
  chicago: 'Hoffmann, Christin, and Kirsten Thommes. “Combining Egalitarian and Proportional
    Sharing Rules in Team Tournaments to Incentivize Energy-Efficient Behavior in
    a Principal-Agent Context.” <i>Organization &#38;amp; Environment</i> 35, no.
    2 (2020): 307–31. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1177/1086026620945343">https://doi.org/10.1177/1086026620945343</a>.'
  ieee: 'C. Hoffmann and K. Thommes, “Combining Egalitarian and Proportional Sharing
    Rules in Team Tournaments to Incentivize Energy-Efficient Behavior in a Principal-Agent
    Context,” <i>Organization &#38;amp; Environment</i>, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 307–331,
    2020, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1177/1086026620945343">10.1177/1086026620945343</a>.'
  mla: Hoffmann, Christin, and Kirsten Thommes. “Combining Egalitarian and Proportional
    Sharing Rules in Team Tournaments to Incentivize Energy-Efficient Behavior in
    a Principal-Agent Context.” <i>Organization &#38;amp; Environment</i>, vol. 35,
    no. 2, SAGE Publications, 2020, pp. 307–31, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1177/1086026620945343">10.1177/1086026620945343</a>.
  short: C. Hoffmann, K. Thommes, Organization &#38;amp; Environment 35 (2020) 307–331.
date_created: 2026-01-28T09:52:08Z
date_updated: 2026-01-28T09:52:13Z
department:
- _id: '178'
- _id: '184'
doi: 10.1177/1086026620945343
intvolume: '        35'
issue: '2'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 307-331
publication: Organization &amp; Environment
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1086-0266
  - 1552-7417
publication_status: published
publisher: SAGE Publications
status: public
title: Combining Egalitarian and Proportional Sharing Rules in Team Tournaments to
  Incentivize Energy-Efficient Behavior in a Principal-Agent Context
type: journal_article
user_id: '72497'
volume: 35
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '63852'
author:
- first_name: Katharina
  full_name: Elbwart, Katharina
  id: '87912'
  last_name: Elbwart
citation:
  ama: Elbwart K. <i>Language Regard in the Sunshine State. Floridian Perspectives
    on Language Ideologies and Linguistic Variation</i>. WVT; 2020.
  apa: Elbwart, K. (2020). <i>Language regard in the Sunshine State. Floridian perspectives
    on language ideologies and linguistic variation</i>. WVT.
  bibtex: '@book{Elbwart_2020, place={Trier}, title={Language regard in the Sunshine
    State. Floridian perspectives on language ideologies and linguistic variation},
    publisher={WVT}, author={Elbwart, Katharina}, year={2020} }'
  chicago: 'Elbwart, Katharina. <i>Language Regard in the Sunshine State. Floridian
    Perspectives on Language Ideologies and Linguistic Variation</i>. Trier: WVT,
    2020.'
  ieee: 'K. Elbwart, <i>Language regard in the Sunshine State. Floridian perspectives
    on language ideologies and linguistic variation</i>. Trier: WVT, 2020.'
  mla: Elbwart, Katharina. <i>Language Regard in the Sunshine State. Floridian Perspectives
    on Language Ideologies and Linguistic Variation</i>. WVT, 2020.
  short: K. Elbwart, Language Regard in the Sunshine State. Floridian Perspectives
    on Language Ideologies and Linguistic Variation, WVT, Trier, 2020.
date_created: 2026-02-03T14:54:08Z
date_updated: 2026-02-03T14:54:15Z
language:
- iso: eng
place: Trier
publisher: WVT
status: public
title: Language regard in the Sunshine State. Floridian perspectives on language ideologies
  and linguistic variation
type: dissertation
user_id: '87912'
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '64037'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Cross-linked thermosets are investigated by C-13 solid-state nuclear magnetic
    resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to determine their structure and to distinguish important
    epoxy resins and hardening agents. In addition to the epoxy resin and hardening
    agent, the identification of phosphorus-containing flame retardants is demonstrated
    by P-31 solid-state NMR. These studies provide a spectral database for routine
    use, which is finally applied to analyze commercial products containing an unknown
    multicomponent system.
author:
- first_name: T.
  full_name: Schäfer, T.
  last_name: Schäfer
- first_name: G.
  full_name: Buntkowsky, G.
  last_name: Buntkowsky
- first_name: Torsten
  full_name: Gutmann, Torsten
  id: '118165'
  last_name: Gutmann
citation:
  ama: Schäfer T, Buntkowsky G, Gutmann T. Solid-State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
    as a Versatile Tool To Identify the Main Chemical Components of Epoxy-Based Thermosets.
    <i>ACS Omega</i>. 2020;5(10):5412–5420. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.9b04482">10.1021/acsomega.9b04482</a>
  apa: Schäfer, T., Buntkowsky, G., &#38; Gutmann, T. (2020). Solid-State Nuclear
    Magnetic Resonance as a Versatile Tool To Identify the Main Chemical Components
    of Epoxy-Based Thermosets. <i>ACS Omega</i>, <i>5</i>(10), 5412–5420. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.9b04482">https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.9b04482</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Schäfer_Buntkowsky_Gutmann_2020, title={Solid-State Nuclear Magnetic
    Resonance as a Versatile Tool To Identify the Main Chemical Components of Epoxy-Based
    Thermosets}, volume={5}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.9b04482">10.1021/acsomega.9b04482</a>},
    number={10}, journal={ACS Omega}, author={Schäfer, T. and Buntkowsky, G. and Gutmann,
    Torsten}, year={2020}, pages={5412–5420} }'
  chicago: 'Schäfer, T., G. Buntkowsky, and Torsten Gutmann. “Solid-State Nuclear
    Magnetic Resonance as a Versatile Tool To Identify the Main Chemical Components
    of Epoxy-Based Thermosets.” <i>ACS Omega</i> 5, no. 10 (2020): 5412–5420. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.9b04482">https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.9b04482</a>.'
  ieee: 'T. Schäfer, G. Buntkowsky, and T. Gutmann, “Solid-State Nuclear Magnetic
    Resonance as a Versatile Tool To Identify the Main Chemical Components of Epoxy-Based
    Thermosets,” <i>ACS Omega</i>, vol. 5, no. 10, pp. 5412–5420, 2020, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.9b04482">10.1021/acsomega.9b04482</a>.'
  mla: Schäfer, T., et al. “Solid-State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance as a Versatile
    Tool To Identify the Main Chemical Components of Epoxy-Based Thermosets.” <i>ACS
    Omega</i>, vol. 5, no. 10, 2020, pp. 5412–5420, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.9b04482">10.1021/acsomega.9b04482</a>.
  short: T. Schäfer, G. Buntkowsky, T. Gutmann, ACS Omega 5 (2020) 5412–5420.
date_created: 2026-02-07T16:08:30Z
date_updated: 2026-02-17T16:13:36Z
doi: 10.1021/acsomega.9b04482
extern: '1'
intvolume: '         5'
issue: '10'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 5412–5420
publication: ACS Omega
status: public
title: Solid-State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance as a Versatile Tool To Identify the
  Main Chemical Components of Epoxy-Based Thermosets
type: journal_article
user_id: '100715'
volume: 5
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '64004'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Abstract A facile approach is reported for the preparation of dirhodium coordination
    polymers [Rh2(L1)2]n (Rh2-L1) and [Rh2(L2)2]n (Rh2-L2; L1=N,N’-(pyromellitoyl)-bis-L-phenylalanine
    diacid anion, L2=bis-N,N’-(L-phenylalanyl) naphthalene-1,4,5,8-tetracarboxylate
    diimide) from chiral dicarboxylic acids by ligand exchange. Multiple techniques
    including FTIR, XPS, and 1H→13C CP MAS NMR spectroscopy reveal the formation of
    the coordination polymers. 19F MAS NMR was utilized to investigate the remaining
    TFA groups in the obtained coordination polymers, and demonstrated near-quantitative
    ligand exchange. DR-UV-vis and XPS confirm the oxidation state of the Rh center
    and that the Rh-single bond in the dirhodium node is maintained in the synthesis
    of Rh2-L1 and Rh2-L2. Both coordination polymers exhibit excellent catalytic performance
    in the asymmetric cyclopropanation reaction between styrene and diazooxindole.
    The catalysts can be easily recycled and reused without significant reduction
    in their catalytic efficiency.
author:
- first_name: Zhenzhong
  full_name: Li, Zhenzhong
  last_name: Li
- first_name: Lorenz
  full_name: Rösler, Lorenz
  last_name: Rösler
- first_name: Kevin
  full_name: Herr, Kevin
  last_name: Herr
- first_name: Martin
  full_name: Brodrecht, Martin
  last_name: Brodrecht
- first_name: Hergen
  full_name: Breitzke, Hergen
  last_name: Breitzke
- first_name: Kathrin
  full_name: Hofmann, Kathrin
  last_name: Hofmann
- first_name: Hans-Heinrich
  full_name: Limbach, Hans-Heinrich
  last_name: Limbach
- first_name: Torsten
  full_name: Gutmann, Torsten
  id: '118165'
  last_name: Gutmann
- first_name: Gerd
  full_name: Buntkowsky, Gerd
  last_name: Buntkowsky
citation:
  ama: 'Li Z, Rösler L, Herr K, et al. Dirhodium Coordination Polymers for Asymmetric
    Cyclopropanation of Diazooxindoles with Olefins: Synthesis and Spectroscopic Analysis.
    <i>ChemPlusChem</i>. 2020;85(8):1737–1746. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/cplu.202000421">10.1002/cplu.202000421</a>'
  apa: 'Li, Z., Rösler, L., Herr, K., Brodrecht, M., Breitzke, H., Hofmann, K., Limbach,
    H.-H., Gutmann, T., &#38; Buntkowsky, G. (2020). Dirhodium Coordination Polymers
    for Asymmetric Cyclopropanation of Diazooxindoles with Olefins: Synthesis and
    Spectroscopic Analysis. <i>ChemPlusChem</i>, <i>85</i>(8), 1737–1746. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/cplu.202000421">https://doi.org/10.1002/cplu.202000421</a>'
  bibtex: '@article{Li_Rösler_Herr_Brodrecht_Breitzke_Hofmann_Limbach_Gutmann_Buntkowsky_2020,
    title={Dirhodium Coordination Polymers for Asymmetric Cyclopropanation of Diazooxindoles
    with Olefins: Synthesis and Spectroscopic Analysis}, volume={85}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/cplu.202000421">10.1002/cplu.202000421</a>},
    number={8}, journal={ChemPlusChem}, author={Li, Zhenzhong and Rösler, Lorenz and
    Herr, Kevin and Brodrecht, Martin and Breitzke, Hergen and Hofmann, Kathrin and
    Limbach, Hans-Heinrich and Gutmann, Torsten and Buntkowsky, Gerd}, year={2020},
    pages={1737–1746} }'
  chicago: 'Li, Zhenzhong, Lorenz Rösler, Kevin Herr, Martin Brodrecht, Hergen Breitzke,
    Kathrin Hofmann, Hans-Heinrich Limbach, Torsten Gutmann, and Gerd Buntkowsky.
    “Dirhodium Coordination Polymers for Asymmetric Cyclopropanation of Diazooxindoles
    with Olefins: Synthesis and Spectroscopic Analysis.” <i>ChemPlusChem</i> 85, no.
    8 (2020): 1737–1746. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/cplu.202000421">https://doi.org/10.1002/cplu.202000421</a>.'
  ieee: 'Z. Li <i>et al.</i>, “Dirhodium Coordination Polymers for Asymmetric Cyclopropanation
    of Diazooxindoles with Olefins: Synthesis and Spectroscopic Analysis,” <i>ChemPlusChem</i>,
    vol. 85, no. 8, pp. 1737–1746, 2020, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/cplu.202000421">10.1002/cplu.202000421</a>.'
  mla: 'Li, Zhenzhong, et al. “Dirhodium Coordination Polymers for Asymmetric Cyclopropanation
    of Diazooxindoles with Olefins: Synthesis and Spectroscopic Analysis.” <i>ChemPlusChem</i>,
    vol. 85, no. 8, 2020, pp. 1737–1746, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/cplu.202000421">10.1002/cplu.202000421</a>.'
  short: Z. Li, L. Rösler, K. Herr, M. Brodrecht, H. Breitzke, K. Hofmann, H.-H. Limbach,
    T. Gutmann, G. Buntkowsky, ChemPlusChem 85 (2020) 1737–1746.
date_created: 2026-02-07T15:54:32Z
date_updated: 2026-02-17T16:15:37Z
doi: 10.1002/cplu.202000421
extern: '1'
intvolume: '        85'
issue: '8'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 1737–1746
publication: ChemPlusChem
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2192-6506
status: public
title: 'Dirhodium Coordination Polymers for Asymmetric Cyclopropanation of Diazooxindoles
  with Olefins: Synthesis and Spectroscopic Analysis'
type: journal_article
user_id: '100715'
volume: 85
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '63985'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: An experimental study is presented for the reverse micellar system of 15%
    by mass polydisperse hexaethylene glycol monodecylether (C10E6) in cyclohexane
    with varying amounts of added water up to 4% by mass. Measurements of viscosity
    and self-diffusion coefficients were taken as a function of temperature between
    10 and 45 °C at varying sample water loads but fixed C10E6/cyclohexane composition.
    The results were used to inspect the validity of the Stokes–Einstein equation
    for this system. Unreasonably small reverse average micelle radii and aggregation
    numbers were obtained with the Stokes–Einstein equation, but reasonable values
    for these quantities were obtained using the ratio of surfactant-to-cyclohexane
    self-diffusion coefficients. While bulk viscosity increased with increasing water
    load, a concurrent expected decrease of self-diffusion coefficient was only observed
    for the surfactant and water but not for cyclohexane, which showed independence
    of water load. Moreover, a spread of self-diffusion coefficients was observed
    for the protons associated with the ethylene oxide repeat unit in samples with
    polydisperse C10E6 but not in a sample with monodisperse C10E6. These findings
    were interpreted by the presence of reverse micelle to reverse micelle hopping
    motions that with higher water load become increasingly selective toward C10E6
    molecules with short ethylene oxide repeat units, while those with long ethylene
    oxide repeat units remain trapped within the reverse micelle because of the increased
    hydrogen bonding interactions with the water inside the growing core of the reverse
    micelle. Despite the observed breakdown of the Stokes–Einstein equation, the temperature
    dependence of the viscosities and self-diffusion coefficients was found to follow
    Arrhenius behavior over the investigated range of temperatures.
author:
- first_name: Markus M.
  full_name: Hoffmann, Markus M.
  last_name: Hoffmann
- first_name: Matthew D.
  full_name: Too, Matthew D.
  last_name: Too
- first_name: Michael
  full_name: Vogel, Michael
  last_name: Vogel
- first_name: Torsten
  full_name: Gutmann, Torsten
  id: '118165'
  last_name: Gutmann
- first_name: Gerd
  full_name: Buntkowsky, Gerd
  last_name: Buntkowsky
citation:
  ama: Hoffmann MM, Too MD, Vogel M, Gutmann T, Buntkowsky G. Breakdown of the Stokes–Einstein
    Equation for Solutions of Water in Oil Reverse Micelles. <i>Journal of Physical
    Chemistry B</i>. 2020;124(41):9115–9125. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c06124">10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c06124</a>
  apa: Hoffmann, M. M., Too, M. D., Vogel, M., Gutmann, T., &#38; Buntkowsky, G. (2020).
    Breakdown of the Stokes–Einstein Equation for Solutions of Water in Oil Reverse
    Micelles. <i>Journal of Physical Chemistry B</i>, <i>124</i>(41), 9115–9125. <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c06124">https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c06124</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Hoffmann_Too_Vogel_Gutmann_Buntkowsky_2020, title={Breakdown of
    the Stokes–Einstein Equation for Solutions of Water in Oil Reverse Micelles},
    volume={124}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c06124">10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c06124</a>},
    number={41}, journal={Journal of Physical Chemistry B}, publisher={American Chemical
    Society}, author={Hoffmann, Markus M. and Too, Matthew D. and Vogel, Michael and
    Gutmann, Torsten and Buntkowsky, Gerd}, year={2020}, pages={9115–9125} }'
  chicago: 'Hoffmann, Markus M., Matthew D. Too, Michael Vogel, Torsten Gutmann, and
    Gerd Buntkowsky. “Breakdown of the Stokes–Einstein Equation for Solutions of Water
    in Oil Reverse Micelles.” <i>Journal of Physical Chemistry B</i> 124, no. 41 (2020):
    9115–9125. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c06124">https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c06124</a>.'
  ieee: 'M. M. Hoffmann, M. D. Too, M. Vogel, T. Gutmann, and G. Buntkowsky, “Breakdown
    of the Stokes–Einstein Equation for Solutions of Water in Oil Reverse Micelles,”
    <i>Journal of Physical Chemistry B</i>, vol. 124, no. 41, pp. 9115–9125, 2020,
    doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c06124">10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c06124</a>.'
  mla: Hoffmann, Markus M., et al. “Breakdown of the Stokes–Einstein Equation for
    Solutions of Water in Oil Reverse Micelles.” <i>Journal of Physical Chemistry
    B</i>, vol. 124, no. 41, American Chemical Society, 2020, pp. 9115–9125, doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c06124">10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c06124</a>.
  short: M.M. Hoffmann, M.D. Too, M. Vogel, T. Gutmann, G. Buntkowsky, Journal of
    Physical Chemistry B 124 (2020) 9115–9125.
date_created: 2026-02-07T15:45:38Z
date_updated: 2026-02-17T16:16:50Z
doi: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c06124
extern: '1'
intvolume: '       124'
issue: '41'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 9115–9125
publication: Journal of Physical Chemistry B
publisher: American Chemical Society
status: public
title: Breakdown of the Stokes–Einstein Equation for Solutions of Water in Oil Reverse
  Micelles
type: journal_article
user_id: '100715'
volume: 124
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '63976'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Mesoporous silica materials (SBA-15) with surfaces modified with aminopropyltriethoxysilane
    (APTES) of two different surface coverages were synthesized, and their structural
    pore characteristics were analyzed. These two mesoporous silica materials were
    impregnated with various solutions of radicals in a nonionic surfactant solvent.
    Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis of the impregnated mesoporous
    silica materials confirmed that the surfactant solutions were confined into the
    pores. Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP)-enhanced solid-state 13C magic-angle
    spinning (MAS) NMR spectra recorded for these impregnated mesoporous silica materials
    showed the presence of superimposed spectra from direct and indirect channel polarization
    transfer processes not only for the confined surfactant solvent but also for the
    APTES surface modification. The observation of the indirect channel resonances
    implies that the surfactant solvents as well as the APTES exhibit molecular motions
    with correlation times on the order of or faster than the inverse Larmor frequency.
    Such motions are unexpected at the experimental temperature conditions of ∼120
    K in particular for the immobilized APTES. Spectral line widths and intensities
    of the observed 13C MAS NMR spectra were sensitive to the specific combination
    of the radical, surfactant solvent, and APTES surface coverage. One particular
    combination showed identical widths and intensities for the direct and the oppositely
    phased indirect channel resonances, resulting in a blank spectrum. The differences
    in line widths and intensities are discussed with respect to the structural organization
    of the polarizing agent and surfactant within the pores and the complex interplay
    of intermolecular interactions between these constituents.
author:
- first_name: Markus M.
  full_name: Hoffmann, Markus M.
  last_name: Hoffmann
- first_name: Sarah
  full_name: Bothe, Sarah
  last_name: Bothe
- first_name: Martin
  full_name: Brodrecht, Martin
  last_name: Brodrecht
- first_name: Vytautas
  full_name: Klimavicius, Vytautas
  last_name: Klimavicius
- first_name: Nadia B.
  full_name: Haro-Mares, Nadia B.
  last_name: Haro-Mares
- first_name: Torsten
  full_name: Gutmann, Torsten
  id: '118165'
  last_name: Gutmann
- first_name: Gerd
  full_name: Buntkowsky, Gerd
  last_name: Buntkowsky
citation:
  ama: Hoffmann MM, Bothe S, Brodrecht M, et al. Direct and Indirect Dynamic Nuclear
    Polarization Transfer Observed in Mesoporous Materials Impregnated with Nonionic
    Surfactant Solutions of Polar Polarizing Agents. <i>Journal of Physical Chemistry
    C</i>. 2020;124(9):5145–5156. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b10504">10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b10504</a>
  apa: Hoffmann, M. M., Bothe, S., Brodrecht, M., Klimavicius, V., Haro-Mares, N.
    B., Gutmann, T., &#38; Buntkowsky, G. (2020). Direct and Indirect Dynamic Nuclear
    Polarization Transfer Observed in Mesoporous Materials Impregnated with Nonionic
    Surfactant Solutions of Polar Polarizing Agents. <i>Journal of Physical Chemistry
    C</i>, <i>124</i>(9), 5145–5156. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b10504">https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b10504</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Hoffmann_Bothe_Brodrecht_Klimavicius_Haro-Mares_Gutmann_Buntkowsky_2020,
    title={Direct and Indirect Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Transfer Observed in Mesoporous
    Materials Impregnated with Nonionic Surfactant Solutions of Polar Polarizing Agents},
    volume={124}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b10504">10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b10504</a>},
    number={9}, journal={Journal of Physical Chemistry C}, publisher={American Chemical
    Society}, author={Hoffmann, Markus M. and Bothe, Sarah and Brodrecht, Martin and
    Klimavicius, Vytautas and Haro-Mares, Nadia B. and Gutmann, Torsten and Buntkowsky,
    Gerd}, year={2020}, pages={5145–5156} }'
  chicago: 'Hoffmann, Markus M., Sarah Bothe, Martin Brodrecht, Vytautas Klimavicius,
    Nadia B. Haro-Mares, Torsten Gutmann, and Gerd Buntkowsky. “Direct and Indirect
    Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Transfer Observed in Mesoporous Materials Impregnated
    with Nonionic Surfactant Solutions of Polar Polarizing Agents.” <i>Journal of
    Physical Chemistry C</i> 124, no. 9 (2020): 5145–5156. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b10504">https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b10504</a>.'
  ieee: 'M. M. Hoffmann <i>et al.</i>, “Direct and Indirect Dynamic Nuclear Polarization
    Transfer Observed in Mesoporous Materials Impregnated with Nonionic Surfactant
    Solutions of Polar Polarizing Agents,” <i>Journal of Physical Chemistry C</i>,
    vol. 124, no. 9, pp. 5145–5156, 2020, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b10504">10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b10504</a>.'
  mla: Hoffmann, Markus M., et al. “Direct and Indirect Dynamic Nuclear Polarization
    Transfer Observed in Mesoporous Materials Impregnated with Nonionic Surfactant
    Solutions of Polar Polarizing Agents.” <i>Journal of Physical Chemistry C</i>,
    vol. 124, no. 9, American Chemical Society, 2020, pp. 5145–5156, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b10504">10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b10504</a>.
  short: M.M. Hoffmann, S. Bothe, M. Brodrecht, V. Klimavicius, N.B. Haro-Mares, T.
    Gutmann, G. Buntkowsky, Journal of Physical Chemistry C 124 (2020) 5145–5156.
date_created: 2026-02-07T15:42:36Z
date_updated: 2026-02-17T16:17:17Z
doi: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b10504
extern: '1'
intvolume: '       124'
issue: '9'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 5145–5156
publication: Journal of Physical Chemistry C
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1932-7447
publisher: American Chemical Society
status: public
title: Direct and Indirect Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Transfer Observed in Mesoporous
  Materials Impregnated with Nonionic Surfactant Solutions of Polar Polarizing Agents
type: journal_article
user_id: '100715'
volume: 124
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '63954'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: We propose a mild and versatile synthesis protocol based on N-hydroxysuccinimide-activated
    esters for the introduction of new functionalities to cellulose, using as starting
    point established protocols for the tosylation of cellulose and its subsequent
    reaction with a diamine linker. As a proof of concept, we describe the functionalization
    of microcrystalline cellulose with a N-hydroxysuccinimide-activated ester of benzophenone,
    a photoreactive functional group. Irradiation of the final product with UV light
    yields a self-standing polymer film and is expected to result in cross-linking
    among cellulose chains. To monitor structural changes at the molecular level,
    each functionalization step is characterized by a multinuclear solid-state NMR
    approach. DNP-enhanced 15N CP MAS NMR experiments reveal the formation of the
    amide bond to the photoreactive linker and deliver further information about the
    binding situation of nitrogen-containing groups in these materials. The flexible
    synthesis protocol described here can be easily extended to a broad range of other
    functionalities of interest, both for the cellulose and macromolecular research.
author:
- first_name: Pedro B.
  full_name: Groszewicz, Pedro B.
  last_name: Groszewicz
- first_name: Pedro
  full_name: Mendes, Pedro
  last_name: Mendes
- first_name: Bharti
  full_name: Kumari, Bharti
  last_name: Kumari
- first_name: Jonas
  full_name: Lins, Jonas
  last_name: Lins
- first_name: Markus
  full_name: Biesalski, Markus
  last_name: Biesalski
- first_name: Torsten
  full_name: Gutmann, Torsten
  id: '118165'
  last_name: Gutmann
- first_name: Gerd
  full_name: Buntkowsky, Gerd
  last_name: Buntkowsky
citation:
  ama: 'Groszewicz PB, Mendes P, Kumari B, et al. N-Hydroxysuccinimide-activated esters
    as a functionalization agent for amino cellulose: synthesis and solid-state NMR
    characterization. <i>Cellulose</i>. 2020;27:1239–1254. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-019-02864-5">10.1007/s10570-019-02864-5</a>'
  apa: 'Groszewicz, P. B., Mendes, P., Kumari, B., Lins, J., Biesalski, M., Gutmann,
    T., &#38; Buntkowsky, G. (2020). N-Hydroxysuccinimide-activated esters as a functionalization
    agent for amino cellulose: synthesis and solid-state NMR characterization. <i>Cellulose</i>,
    <i>27</i>, 1239–1254. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-019-02864-5">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-019-02864-5</a>'
  bibtex: '@article{Groszewicz_Mendes_Kumari_Lins_Biesalski_Gutmann_Buntkowsky_2020,
    title={N-Hydroxysuccinimide-activated esters as a functionalization agent for
    amino cellulose: synthesis and solid-state NMR characterization}, volume={27},
    DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-019-02864-5">10.1007/s10570-019-02864-5</a>},
    journal={Cellulose}, author={Groszewicz, Pedro B. and Mendes, Pedro and Kumari,
    Bharti and Lins, Jonas and Biesalski, Markus and Gutmann, Torsten and Buntkowsky,
    Gerd}, year={2020}, pages={1239–1254} }'
  chicago: 'Groszewicz, Pedro B., Pedro Mendes, Bharti Kumari, Jonas Lins, Markus
    Biesalski, Torsten Gutmann, and Gerd Buntkowsky. “N-Hydroxysuccinimide-Activated
    Esters as a Functionalization Agent for Amino Cellulose: Synthesis and Solid-State
    NMR Characterization.” <i>Cellulose</i> 27 (2020): 1239–1254. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-019-02864-5">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-019-02864-5</a>.'
  ieee: 'P. B. Groszewicz <i>et al.</i>, “N-Hydroxysuccinimide-activated esters as
    a functionalization agent for amino cellulose: synthesis and solid-state NMR characterization,”
    <i>Cellulose</i>, vol. 27, pp. 1239–1254, 2020, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-019-02864-5">10.1007/s10570-019-02864-5</a>.'
  mla: 'Groszewicz, Pedro B., et al. “N-Hydroxysuccinimide-Activated Esters as a Functionalization
    Agent for Amino Cellulose: Synthesis and Solid-State NMR Characterization.” <i>Cellulose</i>,
    vol. 27, 2020, pp. 1239–1254, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-019-02864-5">10.1007/s10570-019-02864-5</a>.'
  short: P.B. Groszewicz, P. Mendes, B. Kumari, J. Lins, M. Biesalski, T. Gutmann,
    G. Buntkowsky, Cellulose 27 (2020) 1239–1254.
date_created: 2026-02-07T15:35:03Z
date_updated: 2026-02-17T16:18:08Z
doi: 10.1007/s10570-019-02864-5
extern: '1'
intvolume: '        27'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 1239–1254
publication: Cellulose
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0969-0239
status: public
title: 'N-Hydroxysuccinimide-activated esters as a functionalization agent for amino
  cellulose: synthesis and solid-state NMR characterization'
type: journal_article
user_id: '100715'
volume: 27
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '63953'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Most porous polymers are notoriously hard to characterize due to their amorphous
    and completely insoluble nature. On the other hand, they are an interesting class
    of materials for sorption, catalytic, and electrode applications, thus they warrant
    in-depth studies. In this contribution, we elaborate on the possibilities that
    dynamic nuclear polarization offers towards the investigation of the structure
    of porous polymers. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this technique
    in the investigation of model polymers.
author:
- first_name: Sven
  full_name: Grätz, Sven
  last_name: Grätz
- first_name: Marcos
  full_name: Olivera Junior, Marcos
  last_name: Olivera Junior
- first_name: Torsten
  full_name: Gutmann, Torsten
  id: '118165'
  last_name: Gutmann
- first_name: Lars
  full_name: Borchardt, Lars
  last_name: Borchardt
citation:
  ama: Grätz S, Olivera Junior M, Gutmann T, Borchardt L. A comprehensive approach
    for the characterization of porous polymers using 13C and 15N dynamic nuclear
    polarization NMR spectroscopy. <i>Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics</i>. 2020;22(40):23307–23314.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1039/D0CP04010J">10.1039/D0CP04010J</a>
  apa: Grätz, S., Olivera Junior, M., Gutmann, T., &#38; Borchardt, L. (2020). A comprehensive
    approach for the characterization of porous polymers using 13C and 15N dynamic
    nuclear polarization NMR spectroscopy. <i>Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics</i>,
    <i>22</i>(40), 23307–23314. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1039/D0CP04010J">https://doi.org/10.1039/D0CP04010J</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Grätz_Olivera Junior_Gutmann_Borchardt_2020, title={A comprehensive
    approach for the characterization of porous polymers using 13C and 15N dynamic
    nuclear polarization NMR spectroscopy}, volume={22}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1039/D0CP04010J">10.1039/D0CP04010J</a>},
    number={40}, journal={Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics}, publisher={The Royal
    Society of Chemistry}, author={Grätz, Sven and Olivera Junior, Marcos and Gutmann,
    Torsten and Borchardt, Lars}, year={2020}, pages={23307–23314} }'
  chicago: 'Grätz, Sven, Marcos Olivera Junior, Torsten Gutmann, and Lars Borchardt.
    “A Comprehensive Approach for the Characterization of Porous Polymers Using 13C
    and 15N Dynamic Nuclear Polarization NMR Spectroscopy.” <i>Physical Chemistry
    Chemical Physics</i> 22, no. 40 (2020): 23307–23314. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1039/D0CP04010J">https://doi.org/10.1039/D0CP04010J</a>.'
  ieee: 'S. Grätz, M. Olivera Junior, T. Gutmann, and L. Borchardt, “A comprehensive
    approach for the characterization of porous polymers using 13C and 15N dynamic
    nuclear polarization NMR spectroscopy,” <i>Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics</i>,
    vol. 22, no. 40, pp. 23307–23314, 2020, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1039/D0CP04010J">10.1039/D0CP04010J</a>.'
  mla: Grätz, Sven, et al. “A Comprehensive Approach for the Characterization of Porous
    Polymers Using 13C and 15N Dynamic Nuclear Polarization NMR Spectroscopy.” <i>Physical
    Chemistry Chemical Physics</i>, vol. 22, no. 40, The Royal Society of Chemistry,
    2020, pp. 23307–23314, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1039/D0CP04010J">10.1039/D0CP04010J</a>.
  short: S. Grätz, M. Olivera Junior, T. Gutmann, L. Borchardt, Physical Chemistry
    Chemical Physics 22 (2020) 23307–23314.
date_created: 2026-02-07T15:34:42Z
date_updated: 2026-02-17T16:18:14Z
doi: 10.1039/D0CP04010J
extern: '1'
intvolume: '        22'
issue: '40'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 23307–23314
publication: Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics
publisher: The Royal Society of Chemistry
status: public
title: A comprehensive approach for the characterization of porous polymers using
  13C and 15N dynamic nuclear polarization NMR spectroscopy
type: journal_article
user_id: '100715'
volume: 22
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '64276'
author:
- first_name: Bernhard
  full_name: Krötz, Bernhard
  last_name: Krötz
- first_name: Job J.
  full_name: Kuit, Job J.
  last_name: Kuit
- first_name: Eric M.
  full_name: Opdam, Eric M.
  last_name: Opdam
- first_name: Henrik
  full_name: Schlichtkrull, Henrik
  last_name: Schlichtkrull
citation:
  ama: Krötz B, Kuit JJ, Opdam EM, Schlichtkrull H. The Infinitesimal Characters of
    Discrete Series for Real Spherical Spaces. <i>Geometric and Functional Analysis</i>.
    2020;30(3):804-857. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00039-020-00540-6">10.1007/s00039-020-00540-6</a>
  apa: Krötz, B., Kuit, J. J., Opdam, E. M., &#38; Schlichtkrull, H. (2020). The Infinitesimal
    Characters of Discrete Series for Real Spherical Spaces. <i>Geometric and Functional
    Analysis</i>, <i>30</i>(3), 804–857. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00039-020-00540-6">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00039-020-00540-6</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Krötz_Kuit_Opdam_Schlichtkrull_2020, title={The Infinitesimal
    Characters of Discrete Series for Real Spherical Spaces}, volume={30}, DOI={<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00039-020-00540-6">10.1007/s00039-020-00540-6</a>},
    number={3}, journal={Geometric and Functional Analysis}, publisher={Springer Science
    and Business Media LLC}, author={Krötz, Bernhard and Kuit, Job J. and Opdam, Eric
    M. and Schlichtkrull, Henrik}, year={2020}, pages={804–857} }'
  chicago: 'Krötz, Bernhard, Job J. Kuit, Eric M. Opdam, and Henrik Schlichtkrull.
    “The Infinitesimal Characters of Discrete Series for Real Spherical Spaces.” <i>Geometric
    and Functional Analysis</i> 30, no. 3 (2020): 804–57. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00039-020-00540-6">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00039-020-00540-6</a>.'
  ieee: 'B. Krötz, J. J. Kuit, E. M. Opdam, and H. Schlichtkrull, “The Infinitesimal
    Characters of Discrete Series for Real Spherical Spaces,” <i>Geometric and Functional
    Analysis</i>, vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 804–857, 2020, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00039-020-00540-6">10.1007/s00039-020-00540-6</a>.'
  mla: Krötz, Bernhard, et al. “The Infinitesimal Characters of Discrete Series for
    Real Spherical Spaces.” <i>Geometric and Functional Analysis</i>, vol. 30, no.
    3, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2020, pp. 804–57, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00039-020-00540-6">10.1007/s00039-020-00540-6</a>.
  short: B. Krötz, J.J. Kuit, E.M. Opdam, H. Schlichtkrull, Geometric and Functional
    Analysis 30 (2020) 804–857.
date_created: 2026-02-19T13:28:12Z
date_updated: 2026-02-19T13:28:26Z
doi: 10.1007/s00039-020-00540-6
intvolume: '        30'
issue: '3'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 804-857
publication: Geometric and Functional Analysis
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1016-443X
  - 1420-8970
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
status: public
title: The Infinitesimal Characters of Discrete Series for Real Spherical Spaces
type: journal_article
user_id: '52730'
volume: 30
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '59684'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: <jats:p>In this paper, we present a confocal laser scanning holographic microscope
    for the investigation of buried structures. The multimodal system combines high
    diffraction limited resolution and high signal-to-noise-ratio with the ability
    of phase acquisition. The amplitude and phase imaging capabilities of the system
    are shown on a test target. For the investigation of buried integrated semiconductor
    structures, we expand our system with an optical beam induced current modality
    that provides additional structure-sensitive contrast. We demonstrate the performance
    of the multimodal system by imaging the buried structures of a microcontroller
    through the silicon backside of its housing in reflection geometry.</jats:p>
article_number: A8
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Lena
  full_name: Schnitzler, Lena
  last_name: Schnitzler
- first_name: Krisztian
  full_name: Neutsch, Krisztian
  last_name: Neutsch
- first_name: Falk
  full_name: Schellenberg, Falk
  last_name: Schellenberg
- first_name: Martin R.
  full_name: Hofmann, Martin R.
  last_name: Hofmann
- first_name: Nils Christopher
  full_name: Gerhardt, Nils Christopher
  id: '115298'
  last_name: Gerhardt
  orcid: 0009-0002-5538-231X
citation:
  ama: Schnitzler L, Neutsch K, Schellenberg F, Hofmann MR, Gerhardt NC. Confocal
    laser scanning holographic microscopy of buried structures. <i>Applied Optics</i>.
    2020;60(4). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.403687">10.1364/ao.403687</a>
  apa: Schnitzler, L., Neutsch, K., Schellenberg, F., Hofmann, M. R., &#38; Gerhardt,
    N. C. (2020). Confocal laser scanning holographic microscopy of buried structures.
    <i>Applied Optics</i>, <i>60</i>(4), Article A8. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.403687">https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.403687</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Schnitzler_Neutsch_Schellenberg_Hofmann_Gerhardt_2020, title={Confocal
    laser scanning holographic microscopy of buried structures}, volume={60}, DOI={<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.403687">10.1364/ao.403687</a>}, number={4A8},
    journal={Applied Optics}, publisher={Optica Publishing Group}, author={Schnitzler,
    Lena and Neutsch, Krisztian and Schellenberg, Falk and Hofmann, Martin R. and
    Gerhardt, Nils Christopher}, year={2020} }'
  chicago: Schnitzler, Lena, Krisztian Neutsch, Falk Schellenberg, Martin R. Hofmann,
    and Nils Christopher Gerhardt. “Confocal Laser Scanning Holographic Microscopy
    of Buried Structures.” <i>Applied Optics</i> 60, no. 4 (2020). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.403687">https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.403687</a>.
  ieee: 'L. Schnitzler, K. Neutsch, F. Schellenberg, M. R. Hofmann, and N. C. Gerhardt,
    “Confocal laser scanning holographic microscopy of buried structures,” <i>Applied
    Optics</i>, vol. 60, no. 4, Art. no. A8, 2020, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.403687">10.1364/ao.403687</a>.'
  mla: Schnitzler, Lena, et al. “Confocal Laser Scanning Holographic Microscopy of
    Buried Structures.” <i>Applied Optics</i>, vol. 60, no. 4, A8, Optica Publishing
    Group, 2020, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.403687">10.1364/ao.403687</a>.
  short: L. Schnitzler, K. Neutsch, F. Schellenberg, M.R. Hofmann, N.C. Gerhardt,
    Applied Optics 60 (2020).
date_created: 2025-04-25T07:04:55Z
date_updated: 2026-02-19T14:23:31Z
department:
- _id: '977'
doi: 10.1364/ao.403687
extern: '1'
intvolume: '        60'
issue: '4'
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Applied Optics
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1559-128X
  - 2155-3165
publication_status: published
publisher: Optica Publishing Group
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Confocal laser scanning holographic microscopy of buried structures
type: journal_article
user_id: '15911'
volume: 60
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '57401'
author:
- first_name: Christian
  full_name: Pfeifer, Christian
  last_name: Pfeifer
- first_name: Simon
  full_name: Janssen, Simon
  last_name: Janssen
- first_name: Philip
  full_name: Yang, Philip
  id: '100432'
  last_name: Yang
- first_name: Uschi
  full_name: Backes-Gellner, Uschi
  last_name: Backes-Gellner
citation:
  ama: Pfeifer C, Janssen S, Yang P, Backes-Gellner U. Training participation of a
    firm’s aging workforce. <i>Empirical Research in Vocational Education and Training</i>.
    2020;4(2):131-147. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/bf03546513">10.1007/bf03546513</a>
  apa: Pfeifer, C., Janssen, S., Yang, P., &#38; Backes-Gellner, U. (2020). Training
    participation of a firm’s aging workforce. <i>Empirical Research in Vocational
    Education and Training</i>, <i>4</i>(2), 131–147. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/bf03546513">https://doi.org/10.1007/bf03546513</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Pfeifer_Janssen_Yang_Backes-Gellner_2020, title={Training participation
    of a firm’s aging workforce}, volume={4}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/bf03546513">10.1007/bf03546513</a>},
    number={2}, journal={Empirical Research in Vocational Education and Training},
    publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Pfeifer, Christian
    and Janssen, Simon and Yang, Philip and Backes-Gellner, Uschi}, year={2020}, pages={131–147}
    }'
  chicago: 'Pfeifer, Christian, Simon Janssen, Philip Yang, and Uschi Backes-Gellner.
    “Training Participation of a Firm’s Aging Workforce.” <i>Empirical Research in
    Vocational Education and Training</i> 4, no. 2 (2020): 131–47. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/bf03546513">https://doi.org/10.1007/bf03546513</a>.'
  ieee: 'C. Pfeifer, S. Janssen, P. Yang, and U. Backes-Gellner, “Training participation
    of a firm’s aging workforce,” <i>Empirical Research in Vocational Education and
    Training</i>, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 131–147, 2020, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/bf03546513">10.1007/bf03546513</a>.'
  mla: Pfeifer, Christian, et al. “Training Participation of a Firm’s Aging Workforce.”
    <i>Empirical Research in Vocational Education and Training</i>, vol. 4, no. 2,
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2020, pp. 131–47, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/bf03546513">10.1007/bf03546513</a>.
  short: C. Pfeifer, S. Janssen, P. Yang, U. Backes-Gellner, Empirical Research in
    Vocational Education and Training 4 (2020) 131–147.
date_created: 2024-11-25T09:26:18Z
date_updated: 2026-02-20T13:55:38Z
department:
- _id: '681'
doi: 10.1007/bf03546513
intvolume: '         4'
issue: '2'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 131-147
publication: Empirical Research in Vocational Education and Training
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1877-6345
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
status: public
title: Training participation of a firm’s aging workforce
type: journal_article
user_id: '80877'
volume: 4
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '33592'
author:
- first_name: Sara
  full_name: Rezat, Sara
  id: '58338'
  last_name: Rezat
citation:
  ama: Rezat S. Wie neutral sind Berichte? Modalisierungsprozeduren in Ereignisberichten.
    <i>Praxis Deutsch 281</i>. Published online 2020:41-43.
  apa: Rezat, S. (2020). Wie neutral sind Berichte? Modalisierungsprozeduren in Ereignisberichten.
    <i>Praxis Deutsch 281</i>, 41–43.
  bibtex: '@article{Rezat_2020, title={Wie neutral sind Berichte? Modalisierungsprozeduren
    in Ereignisberichten}, journal={Praxis Deutsch 281}, author={Rezat, Sara}, year={2020},
    pages={41–43} }'
  chicago: Rezat, Sara. “Wie neutral sind Berichte? Modalisierungsprozeduren in Ereignisberichten.”
    <i>Praxis Deutsch 281</i>, 2020, 41–43.
  ieee: S. Rezat, “Wie neutral sind Berichte? Modalisierungsprozeduren in Ereignisberichten,”
    <i>Praxis Deutsch 281</i>, pp. 41–43, 2020.
  mla: Rezat, Sara. “Wie neutral sind Berichte? Modalisierungsprozeduren in Ereignisberichten.”
    <i>Praxis Deutsch 281</i>, 2020, pp. 41–43.
  short: S. Rezat, Praxis Deutsch 281 (2020) 41–43.
date_created: 2022-10-09T21:00:54Z
date_updated: 2026-02-23T12:14:03Z
department:
- _id: '463'
language:
- iso: ger
page: 41-43
publication: Praxis Deutsch 281
status: public
title: Wie neutral sind Berichte? Modalisierungsprozeduren in Ereignisberichten
type: journal_article
user_id: '14972'
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '55524'
article_number: '022413'
author:
- first_name: Adam
  full_name: Burchardt, Adam
  last_name: Burchardt
- first_name: Zahra
  full_name: Raissi, Zahra
  id: '98836'
  last_name: Raissi
  orcid: 0000-0002-9168-8212
citation:
  ama: Burchardt A, Raissi Z. Stochastic local operations with classical communication
    of absolutely maximally entangled states. <i>Physical Review A</i>. 2020;102(2).
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.102.022413">10.1103/physreva.102.022413</a>
  apa: Burchardt, A., &#38; Raissi, Z. (2020). Stochastic local operations with classical
    communication of absolutely maximally entangled states. <i>Physical Review A</i>,
    <i>102</i>(2), Article 022413. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.102.022413">https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.102.022413</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Burchardt_Raissi_2020, title={Stochastic local operations with
    classical communication of absolutely maximally entangled states}, volume={102},
    DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.102.022413">10.1103/physreva.102.022413</a>},
    number={2022413}, journal={Physical Review A}, publisher={American Physical Society
    (APS)}, author={Burchardt, Adam and Raissi, Zahra}, year={2020} }'
  chicago: Burchardt, Adam, and Zahra Raissi. “Stochastic Local Operations with Classical
    Communication of Absolutely Maximally Entangled States.” <i>Physical Review A</i>
    102, no. 2 (2020). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.102.022413">https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.102.022413</a>.
  ieee: 'A. Burchardt and Z. Raissi, “Stochastic local operations with classical communication
    of absolutely maximally entangled states,” <i>Physical Review A</i>, vol. 102,
    no. 2, Art. no. 022413, 2020, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.102.022413">10.1103/physreva.102.022413</a>.'
  mla: Burchardt, Adam, and Zahra Raissi. “Stochastic Local Operations with Classical
    Communication of Absolutely Maximally Entangled States.” <i>Physical Review A</i>,
    vol. 102, no. 2, 022413, American Physical Society (APS), 2020, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.102.022413">10.1103/physreva.102.022413</a>.
  short: A. Burchardt, Z. Raissi, Physical Review A 102 (2020).
date_created: 2024-08-05T14:43:35Z
date_updated: 2026-02-23T13:44:06Z
ddc:
- '000'
doi: 10.1103/physreva.102.022413
file:
- access_level: closed
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: zraissi
  date_created: 2026-02-23T13:42:24Z
  date_updated: 2026-02-23T13:42:24Z
  file_id: '64598'
  file_name: PhysRevA.102.022413.pdf
  file_size: 836678
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2026-02-23T13:42:24Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '       102'
issue: '2'
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Physical Review A
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2469-9926
  - 2469-9934
publication_status: published
publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
status: public
title: Stochastic local operations with classical communication of absolutely maximally
  entangled states
type: journal_article
user_id: '98836'
volume: 102
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '55523'
author:
- first_name: Zahra
  full_name: Raissi, Zahra
  id: '98836'
  last_name: Raissi
  orcid: 0000-0002-9168-8212
citation:
  ama: Raissi Z. Modifying Method of Constructing Quantum Codes From Highly Entangled
    States. <i>IEEE Access</i>. 2020;8:222439-222448. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3043401">10.1109/access.2020.3043401</a>
  apa: Raissi, Z. (2020). Modifying Method of Constructing Quantum Codes From Highly
    Entangled States. <i>IEEE Access</i>, <i>8</i>, 222439–222448. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3043401">https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3043401</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Raissi_2020, title={Modifying Method of Constructing Quantum Codes
    From Highly Entangled States}, volume={8}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3043401">10.1109/access.2020.3043401</a>},
    journal={IEEE Access}, publisher={Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
    (IEEE)}, author={Raissi, Zahra}, year={2020}, pages={222439–222448} }'
  chicago: 'Raissi, Zahra. “Modifying Method of Constructing Quantum Codes From Highly
    Entangled States.” <i>IEEE Access</i> 8 (2020): 222439–48. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3043401">https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3043401</a>.'
  ieee: 'Z. Raissi, “Modifying Method of Constructing Quantum Codes From Highly Entangled
    States,” <i>IEEE Access</i>, vol. 8, pp. 222439–222448, 2020, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3043401">10.1109/access.2020.3043401</a>.'
  mla: Raissi, Zahra. “Modifying Method of Constructing Quantum Codes From Highly
    Entangled States.” <i>IEEE Access</i>, vol. 8, Institute of Electrical and Electronics
    Engineers (IEEE), 2020, pp. 222439–48, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3043401">10.1109/access.2020.3043401</a>.
  short: Z. Raissi, IEEE Access 8 (2020) 222439–222448.
date_created: 2024-08-05T14:42:45Z
date_updated: 2026-02-23T13:41:50Z
ddc:
- '000'
doi: 10.1109/access.2020.3043401
file:
- access_level: closed
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: zraissi
  date_created: 2026-02-23T13:41:43Z
  date_updated: 2026-02-23T13:41:43Z
  file_id: '64597'
  file_name: Modifying_Method_of_Constructing_Quantum_Codes_From_Highly_Entangled_States.pdf
  file_size: 4289127
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2026-02-23T13:41:43Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '         8'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 222439-222448
publication: IEEE Access
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2169-3536
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
status: public
title: Modifying Method of Constructing Quantum Codes From Highly Entangled States
type: journal_article
user_id: '98836'
volume: 8
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '55538'
article_number: '022413'
author:
- first_name: Adam
  full_name: Burchardt, Adam
  last_name: Burchardt
- first_name: Zahra
  full_name: Raissi, Zahra
  last_name: Raissi
citation:
  ama: Burchardt A, Raissi Z. Stochastic local operations with classical communication
    of absolutely maximally entangled states. <i>Physical Review A</i>. 2020;102(2).
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.102.022413">10.1103/physreva.102.022413</a>
  apa: Burchardt, A., &#38; Raissi, Z. (2020). Stochastic local operations with classical
    communication of absolutely maximally entangled states. <i>Physical Review A</i>,
    <i>102</i>(2), Article 022413. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.102.022413">https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.102.022413</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Burchardt_Raissi_2020, title={Stochastic local operations with
    classical communication of absolutely maximally entangled states}, volume={102},
    DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.102.022413">10.1103/physreva.102.022413</a>},
    number={2022413}, journal={Physical Review A}, publisher={American Physical Society
    (APS)}, author={Burchardt, Adam and Raissi, Zahra}, year={2020} }'
  chicago: Burchardt, Adam, and Zahra Raissi. “Stochastic Local Operations with Classical
    Communication of Absolutely Maximally Entangled States.” <i>Physical Review A</i>
    102, no. 2 (2020). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.102.022413">https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.102.022413</a>.
  ieee: 'A. Burchardt and Z. Raissi, “Stochastic local operations with classical communication
    of absolutely maximally entangled states,” <i>Physical Review A</i>, vol. 102,
    no. 2, Art. no. 022413, 2020, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.102.022413">10.1103/physreva.102.022413</a>.'
  mla: Burchardt, Adam, and Zahra Raissi. “Stochastic Local Operations with Classical
    Communication of Absolutely Maximally Entangled States.” <i>Physical Review A</i>,
    vol. 102, no. 2, 022413, American Physical Society (APS), 2020, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.102.022413">10.1103/physreva.102.022413</a>.
  short: A. Burchardt, Z. Raissi, Physical Review A 102 (2020).
date_created: 2024-08-05T15:05:41Z
date_updated: 2026-02-23T13:48:53Z
doi: 10.1103/physreva.102.022413
intvolume: '       102'
issue: '2'
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Physical Review A
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2469-9926
  - 2469-9934
publication_status: published
publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
status: public
title: Stochastic local operations with classical communication of absolutely maximally
  entangled states
type: journal_article
user_id: '98836'
volume: 102
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '39405'
author:
- first_name: Dmitry
  full_name: Petrov, Dmitry
  id: '8282'
  last_name: Petrov
- first_name: Ulrich
  full_name: Hilleringmann, Ulrich
  id: '20179'
  last_name: Hilleringmann
citation:
  ama: 'Petrov D, Hilleringmann U. Water-based primary cell for powering of wireless
    sensors. In: <i>2020 IEEE SENSORS</i>. IEEE; 2020. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/sensors47125.2020.9278891">10.1109/sensors47125.2020.9278891</a>'
  apa: Petrov, D., &#38; Hilleringmann, U. (2020). Water-based primary cell for powering
    of wireless sensors. <i>2020 IEEE SENSORS</i>. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/sensors47125.2020.9278891">https://doi.org/10.1109/sensors47125.2020.9278891</a>
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Petrov_Hilleringmann_2020, title={Water-based primary cell
    for powering of wireless sensors}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/sensors47125.2020.9278891">10.1109/sensors47125.2020.9278891</a>},
    booktitle={2020 IEEE SENSORS}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Petrov, Dmitry and Hilleringmann,
    Ulrich}, year={2020} }'
  chicago: Petrov, Dmitry, and Ulrich Hilleringmann. “Water-Based Primary Cell for
    Powering of Wireless Sensors.” In <i>2020 IEEE SENSORS</i>. IEEE, 2020. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/sensors47125.2020.9278891">https://doi.org/10.1109/sensors47125.2020.9278891</a>.
  ieee: 'D. Petrov and U. Hilleringmann, “Water-based primary cell for powering of
    wireless sensors,” 2020, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/sensors47125.2020.9278891">10.1109/sensors47125.2020.9278891</a>.'
  mla: Petrov, Dmitry, and Ulrich Hilleringmann. “Water-Based Primary Cell for Powering
    of Wireless Sensors.” <i>2020 IEEE SENSORS</i>, IEEE, 2020, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/sensors47125.2020.9278891">10.1109/sensors47125.2020.9278891</a>.
  short: 'D. Petrov, U. Hilleringmann, in: 2020 IEEE SENSORS, IEEE, 2020.'
date_created: 2023-01-24T10:22:29Z
date_updated: 2026-02-24T19:12:28Z
department:
- _id: '59'
- _id: '977'
doi: 10.1109/sensors47125.2020.9278891
language:
- iso: eng
publication: 2020 IEEE SENSORS
publication_status: published
publisher: IEEE
status: public
title: Water-based primary cell for powering of wireless sensors
type: conference
user_id: '8282'
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '51848'
author:
- first_name: M.
  full_name: Poeplau, M.
  last_name: Poeplau
- first_name: S.
  full_name: Ester, S.
  last_name: Ester
- first_name: B.
  full_name: Henning, B.
  last_name: Henning
- first_name: T.
  full_name: Wagner, T.
  last_name: Wagner
citation:
  ama: 'Poeplau M, Ester S, Henning B, Wagner T. 5.2.3 Zinkoxid als photostabiler
    Luminophor zur optischen Sauerstoffdetektion. In: <i>Tagungsband</i>. AMA Service
    GmbH, Von-Münchhausen-Str. 49, 31515 Wunstorf; 2020. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.5162/sensoren2019/5.2.3">10.5162/sensoren2019/5.2.3</a>'
  apa: Poeplau, M., Ester, S., Henning, B., &#38; Wagner, T. (2020). 5.2.3 Zinkoxid
    als photostabiler Luminophor zur optischen Sauerstoffdetektion. <i>Tagungsband</i>.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.5162/sensoren2019/5.2.3">https://doi.org/10.5162/sensoren2019/5.2.3</a>
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Poeplau_Ester_Henning_Wagner_2020, title={5.2.3 Zinkoxid
    als photostabiler Luminophor zur optischen Sauerstoffdetektion}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.5162/sensoren2019/5.2.3">10.5162/sensoren2019/5.2.3</a>},
    booktitle={Tagungsband}, publisher={AMA Service GmbH, Von-Münchhausen-Str. 49,
    31515 Wunstorf}, author={Poeplau, M. and Ester, S. and Henning, B. and Wagner,
    T.}, year={2020} }'
  chicago: Poeplau, M., S. Ester, B. Henning, and T. Wagner. “5.2.3 Zinkoxid Als Photostabiler
    Luminophor Zur Optischen Sauerstoffdetektion.” In <i>Tagungsband</i>. AMA Service
    GmbH, Von-Münchhausen-Str. 49, 31515 Wunstorf, 2020. <a href="https://doi.org/10.5162/sensoren2019/5.2.3">https://doi.org/10.5162/sensoren2019/5.2.3</a>.
  ieee: 'M. Poeplau, S. Ester, B. Henning, and T. Wagner, “5.2.3 Zinkoxid als photostabiler
    Luminophor zur optischen Sauerstoffdetektion,” 2020, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5162/sensoren2019/5.2.3">10.5162/sensoren2019/5.2.3</a>.'
  mla: Poeplau, M., et al. “5.2.3 Zinkoxid Als Photostabiler Luminophor Zur Optischen
    Sauerstoffdetektion.” <i>Tagungsband</i>, AMA Service GmbH, Von-Münchhausen-Str.
    49, 31515 Wunstorf, 2020, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.5162/sensoren2019/5.2.3">10.5162/sensoren2019/5.2.3</a>.
  short: 'M. Poeplau, S. Ester, B. Henning, T. Wagner, in: Tagungsband, AMA Service
    GmbH, Von-Münchhausen-Str. 49, 31515 Wunstorf, 2020.'
date_created: 2024-02-26T11:14:13Z
date_updated: 2026-02-25T14:01:30Z
department:
- _id: '49'
doi: 10.5162/sensoren2019/5.2.3
publication: Tagungsband
publication_status: published
publisher: AMA Service GmbH, Von-Münchhausen-Str. 49, 31515 Wunstorf
status: public
title: 5.2.3 Zinkoxid als photostabiler Luminophor zur optischen Sauerstoffdetektion
type: conference
user_id: '15911'
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '19976'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The aim to reduce pollutant emission has led to a trend towards lightweight
    construction in car body development during the last years. As a consequence of
    the resulting need for multi-material design, mechanical joining technologies
    become increasingly important. Mechanical joining allows for the combination of
    dissimilar materials, while thermic joining techniques reach their limits. Self-piercing
    riveting enables the joining of dissimilar materials by using semi-tubular rivets
    as mechanical fasteners. The rivet production, however, is costly and time-consuming,
    as the rivets generally have to be hardened, tempered and coated after forming,
    in order to achieve an adequate strength and corrosion resistance. A promising
    approach to improve the efficiency of the rivet manufacturing is the use of high-strength
    high nitrogen steel as rivet material because these additional process steps would
    not be necessary anymore. As a result of the comparatively high nitrogen content,
    such steels have various beneficial properties like higher strength, good ductility
    and improved corrosion resistance. By cold bulk forming of high nitrogen steels
    high-strength parts can be manufactured due to the strengthening which is caused
    by the high strain hardening. However, high tool loads thereby have to be expected
    and are a major challenge during the production process. Consequently, there is
    a need for appropriate forming strategies. This paper presents key aspects concerning
    the process design for the manufacturing of semi-tubular self-piercing rivets
    made of high-strength steel. The aim is to produce the rivets in several forming
    stages without intermediate heat treatment between the single stages. Due to the
    high strain hardening of the material, a two stage forming concept will be investigated.
    Cup-backward extrusion is chosen as the first process step in order to form the
    rivet shank without forming the rivet foot. Thus, the strain hardening effects
    in the area of the rivet foot are minimized and the tool loads during the following
    process step can be reduced. During the second and final forming stage the detailed
    geometry of the rivet foot and the rivet head is formed. In this context, the
    effect of different variations, for example concerning the final geometry of the
    rivet foot, on the tool load is investigated using multistage numerical analysis.
    Furthermore, the influence of the process temperature on occurring stresses is
    analysed. Based on the results of the investigations, an adequate forming strategy
    and a tool concept for the manufacturing of semi-tubular self-piercing rivets
    made of high-strength steel are presented.
citation:
  ama: Kuball C-M, Uhe B, Meschut G, Merklein M, eds. <i>Process Design for the Forming
    of Semi-Tubular Self-Piercing Rivets Made of High Nitrogen Steel</i>. Vol 50.;
    2020:280-285. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2020.08.052">10.1016/j.promfg.2020.08.052</a>
  apa: Kuball, C.-M., Uhe, B., Meschut, G., &#38; Merklein, M. (Eds.). (2020). <i>Process
    design for the forming of semi-tubular self-piercing rivets made of high nitrogen
    steel</i> (Vol. 50, pp. 280–285). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2020.08.052">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2020.08.052</a>
  bibtex: '@book{Kuball_Uhe_Meschut_Merklein_2020, series={Procedia Manufacturing},
    title={Process design for the forming of semi-tubular self-piercing rivets made
    of high nitrogen steel}, volume={50}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2020.08.052">10.1016/j.promfg.2020.08.052</a>},
    year={2020}, pages={280–285}, collection={Procedia Manufacturing} }'
  chicago: Kuball, Clara-Maria, Benedikt Uhe, Gerson Meschut, and Marion Merklein,
    eds. <i>Process Design for the Forming of Semi-Tubular Self-Piercing Rivets Made
    of High Nitrogen Steel</i>. Vol. 50. Procedia Manufacturing, 2020. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2020.08.052">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2020.08.052</a>.
  ieee: C.-M. Kuball, B. Uhe, G. Meschut, and M. Merklein, Eds., <i>Process design
    for the forming of semi-tubular self-piercing rivets made of high nitrogen steel</i>,
    vol. 50. 2020, pp. 280–285.
  mla: Kuball, Clara-Maria, et al., editors. <i>Process Design for the Forming of
    Semi-Tubular Self-Piercing Rivets Made of High Nitrogen Steel</i>. 2020, pp. 280–85,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2020.08.052">10.1016/j.promfg.2020.08.052</a>.
  short: C.-M. Kuball, B. Uhe, G. Meschut, M. Merklein, eds., Process Design for the
    Forming of Semi-Tubular Self-Piercing Rivets Made of High Nitrogen Steel, 2020.
date_created: 2020-10-12T08:30:08Z
date_updated: 2026-02-27T10:43:48Z
department:
- _id: '157'
doi: 10.1016/j.promfg.2020.08.052
editor:
- first_name: Clara-Maria
  full_name: Kuball, Clara-Maria
  last_name: Kuball
- first_name: Benedikt
  full_name: Uhe, Benedikt
  id: '38131'
  last_name: Uhe
- first_name: Gerson
  full_name: Meschut, Gerson
  id: '32056'
  last_name: Meschut
  orcid: 0000-0002-2763-1246
- first_name: Marion
  full_name: Merklein, Marion
  last_name: Merklein
intvolume: '        50'
keyword:
- high nitrogen steel
- self-piercing riveting
- joining by forming
- bulk forming
- tool design
language:
- iso: eng
page: 280-285
publication_status: published
quality_controlled: '1'
series_title: Procedia Manufacturing
status: public
title: Process design for the forming of semi-tubular self-piercing rivets made of
  high nitrogen steel
type: conference_editor
user_id: '53912'
volume: 50
year: '2020'
...
