---
_id: '50273'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "The Polynomial-Time Hierarchy ($\\mathsf{PH}$) is a staple of classical\r\ncomplexity
    theory, with applications spanning randomized computation to circuit\r\nlower
    bounds to ''quantum advantage'' analyses for near-term quantum computers.\r\nQuantumly,
    however, despite the fact that at least \\emph{four} definitions of\r\nquantum
    $\\mathsf{PH}$ exist, it has been challenging to prove analogues for\r\nthese
    of even basic facts from $\\mathsf{PH}$. This work studies three\r\nquantum-verifier
    based generalizations of $\\mathsf{PH}$, two of which are from\r\n[Gharibian,
    Santha, Sikora, Sundaram, Yirka, 2022] and use classical strings\r\n($\\mathsf{QCPH}$)
    and quantum mixed states ($\\mathsf{QPH}$) as proofs, and one\r\nof which is new
    to this work, utilizing quantum pure states\r\n($\\mathsf{pureQPH}$) as proofs.
    We first resolve several open problems from\r\n[GSSSY22], including a collapse
    theorem and a Karp-Lipton theorem for\r\n$\\mathsf{QCPH}$. Then, for our new class
    $\\mathsf{pureQPH}$, we show one-sided\r\nerror reduction for $\\mathsf{pureQPH}$,
    as well as the first bounds relating\r\nthese quantum variants of $\\mathsf{PH}$,
    namely $\\mathsf{QCPH}\\subseteq\r\n\\mathsf{pureQPH} \\subseteq \\mathsf{EXP}^{\\mathsf{PP}}$."
author:
- first_name: Avantika
  full_name: Agarwal, Avantika
  last_name: Agarwal
- first_name: Sevag
  full_name: Gharibian, Sevag
  id: '71541'
  last_name: Gharibian
  orcid: 0000-0002-9992-3379
- first_name: Venkata
  full_name: Koppula, Venkata
  last_name: Koppula
- first_name: Dorian
  full_name: Rudolph, Dorian
  id: '57863'
  last_name: Rudolph
citation:
  ama: 'Agarwal A, Gharibian S, Koppula V, Rudolph D. Quantum Polynomial Hierarchies:
    Karp-Lipton, error reduction, and lower  bounds. In: <i>Proceedings of 49th International
    Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS)</i>. Vol 306.
    ; 2024:7-17. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2024.7">10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2024.7</a>'
  apa: 'Agarwal, A., Gharibian, S., Koppula, V., &#38; Rudolph, D. (2024). Quantum
    Polynomial Hierarchies: Karp-Lipton, error reduction, and lower  bounds. <i>Proceedings
    of 49th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science
    (MFCS)</i>, <i>306</i>(7), 7–17. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2024.7">https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2024.7</a>'
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Agarwal_Gharibian_Koppula_Rudolph_2024, title={Quantum Polynomial
    Hierarchies: Karp-Lipton, error reduction, and lower  bounds}, volume={306}, DOI={<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2024.7">10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2024.7</a>},
    number={7}, booktitle={Proceedings of 49th International Symposium on Mathematical
    Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS)}, author={Agarwal, Avantika and Gharibian,
    Sevag and Koppula, Venkata and Rudolph, Dorian}, year={2024}, pages={7–17} }'
  chicago: 'Agarwal, Avantika, Sevag Gharibian, Venkata Koppula, and Dorian Rudolph.
    “Quantum Polynomial Hierarchies: Karp-Lipton, Error Reduction, and Lower  Bounds.”
    In <i>Proceedings of 49th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations
    of Computer Science (MFCS)</i>, 306:7–17, 2024. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2024.7">https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2024.7</a>.'
  ieee: 'A. Agarwal, S. Gharibian, V. Koppula, and D. Rudolph, “Quantum Polynomial
    Hierarchies: Karp-Lipton, error reduction, and lower  bounds,” in <i>Proceedings
    of 49th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science
    (MFCS)</i>, 2024, vol. 306, no. 7, pp. 7–17, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2024.7">10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2024.7</a>.'
  mla: 'Agarwal, Avantika, et al. “Quantum Polynomial Hierarchies: Karp-Lipton, Error
    Reduction, and Lower  Bounds.” <i>Proceedings of 49th International Symposium
    on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS)</i>, vol. 306, no. 7, 2024,
    pp. 7–17, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2024.7">10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2024.7</a>.'
  short: 'A. Agarwal, S. Gharibian, V. Koppula, D. Rudolph, in: Proceedings of 49th
    International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS),
    2024, pp. 7–17.'
date_created: 2024-01-07T20:09:32Z
date_updated: 2026-04-30T14:10:19Z
doi: 10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2024.7
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '2401.01633'
intvolume: '       306'
issue: '7'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 7-17
publication: Proceedings of 49th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations
  of Computer Science (MFCS)
publication_status: published
status: public
title: 'Quantum Polynomial Hierarchies: Karp-Lipton, error reduction, and lower  bounds'
type: conference
user_id: '71541'
volume: 306
year: '2024'
...
---
_id: '53811'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Persistent security challenges plague DevOps teams due to a deficiency in
    expertise regarding security tools and methods, as evidenced by frequent security
    incidents. Existing maturity models fail to adequately address the specific needs
    of DevOps teams. In response, this paper proposes "Security Belts," a novel maturity
    model inspired by martial arts ranking systems. This model aims to assist DevOps
    teams in enhancing their security capabilities by providing a structured approach,
    starting with fundamental activities and progressing to more advanced techniques.
    Drawing from the experiences of monitoring 21 teams, the paper presents lessons
    learned and offers actionable advice for refining maturity models tailored to
    software quality improvement.
author:
- first_name: Samira
  full_name: Taaibi, Samira
  id: '55800'
  last_name: Taaibi
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Dziwok, Stefan
  id: '3901'
  last_name: Dziwok
  orcid: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8679-6673
- first_name: Lars
  full_name: Hermerschmidt, Lars
  last_name: Hermerschmidt
- first_name: Thorsten
  full_name: Koch, Thorsten
  id: '13616'
  last_name: Koch
- first_name: Sven
  full_name: Merschjohann, Sven
  id: '11394'
  last_name: Merschjohann
- first_name: Mark
  full_name: Vollmary, Mark
  last_name: Vollmary
citation:
  ama: 'Taaibi S, Dziwok S, Hermerschmidt L, Koch T, Merschjohann S, Vollmary M. Security
    Belts: A Maturity Model for DevOps Teams to Increase the Software Security of
    their Product - An Experience Report. In: <i>AMCIS 2024 Proceedings. 13.</i>'
  apa: 'Taaibi, S., Dziwok, S., Hermerschmidt, L., Koch, T., Merschjohann, S., &#38;
    Vollmary, M. (n.d.). Security Belts: A Maturity Model for DevOps Teams to Increase
    the Software Security of their Product - An Experience Report. <i>AMCIS 2024 Proceedings.
    13.</i>  30th Americas Conference on Information Systems, Salt Lake City.'
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Taaibi_Dziwok_Hermerschmidt_Koch_Merschjohann_Vollmary,
    title={Security Belts: A Maturity Model for DevOps Teams to Increase the Software
    Security of their Product - An Experience Report}, booktitle={AMCIS 2024 Proceedings.
    13.}, author={Taaibi, Samira and Dziwok, Stefan and Hermerschmidt, Lars and Koch,
    Thorsten and Merschjohann, Sven and Vollmary, Mark} }'
  chicago: 'Taaibi, Samira, Stefan Dziwok, Lars Hermerschmidt, Thorsten Koch, Sven
    Merschjohann, and Mark Vollmary. “Security Belts: A Maturity Model for DevOps
    Teams to Increase the Software Security of Their Product - An Experience Report.”
    In <i>AMCIS 2024 Proceedings. 13.</i>, n.d.'
  ieee: 'S. Taaibi, S. Dziwok, L. Hermerschmidt, T. Koch, S. Merschjohann, and M.
    Vollmary, “Security Belts: A Maturity Model for DevOps Teams to Increase the Software
    Security of their Product - An Experience Report,” presented at the  30th Americas
    Conference on Information Systems, Salt Lake City.'
  mla: 'Taaibi, Samira, et al. “Security Belts: A Maturity Model for DevOps Teams
    to Increase the Software Security of Their Product - An Experience Report.” <i>AMCIS
    2024 Proceedings. 13.</i>'
  short: 'S. Taaibi, S. Dziwok, L. Hermerschmidt, T. Koch, S. Merschjohann, M. Vollmary,
    in: AMCIS 2024 Proceedings. 13., n.d.'
conference:
  end_date: 2024-08-17
  location: Salt Lake City
  name: ' 30th Americas Conference on Information Systems'
  start_date: 2024-08-15
date_created: 2024-05-02T08:57:52Z
date_updated: 2026-05-08T03:26:03Z
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: '662'
file:
- access_level: closed
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: staaibi
  date_created: 2024-05-02T08:54:21Z
  date_updated: 2024-05-02T08:54:21Z
  file_id: '53812'
  file_name: AMCIS2024_final_submission_maturity model security belt paper.pdf
  file_size: 540990
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2024-05-02T08:54:21Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- Software security
- maturity model
language:
- iso: eng
publication: AMCIS 2024 Proceedings. 13.
publication_status: accepted
status: public
title: 'Security Belts: A Maturity Model for DevOps Teams to Increase the Software
  Security of their Product - An Experience Report'
type: conference
user_id: '55800'
year: '2024'
...
---
_id: '65592'
author:
- first_name: Karina
  full_name: Pauls, Karina
  id: '78235'
  last_name: Pauls
- first_name: Thomas
  full_name: Musehold, Thomas
  last_name: Musehold
citation:
  ama: 'Pauls K, Musehold T. 3D-Druck in Kunst und Lehre - Thomas Musehold und Karina
    Pauls im Gespräch. In: Pauls K, ed. <i>Schnittstelle Kunstunterricht: Skulptur
    - Material - Prozess</i>. ; 2024.'
  apa: 'Pauls, K., &#38; Musehold, T. (2024). 3D-Druck in Kunst und Lehre - Thomas
    Musehold und Karina Pauls im Gespräch. In K. Pauls (Ed.), <i>Schnittstelle Kunstunterricht:
    Skulptur - Material - Prozess</i>.'
  bibtex: '@inbook{Pauls_Musehold_2024, title={3D-Druck in Kunst und Lehre - Thomas
    Musehold und Karina Pauls im Gespräch}, booktitle={Schnittstelle Kunstunterricht:
    Skulptur - Material - Prozess}, author={Pauls, Karina and Musehold, Thomas}, editor={Pauls,
    Karina}, year={2024} }'
  chicago: 'Pauls, Karina, and Thomas Musehold. “3D-Druck in Kunst und Lehre - Thomas
    Musehold und Karina Pauls im Gespräch.” In <i>Schnittstelle Kunstunterricht: Skulptur
    - Material - Prozess</i>, edited by Karina Pauls, 2024.'
  ieee: 'K. Pauls and T. Musehold, “3D-Druck in Kunst und Lehre - Thomas Musehold
    und Karina Pauls im Gespräch,” in <i>Schnittstelle Kunstunterricht: Skulptur -
    Material - Prozess</i>, K. Pauls, Ed. 2024.'
  mla: 'Pauls, Karina, and Thomas Musehold. “3D-Druck in Kunst und Lehre - Thomas
    Musehold und Karina Pauls im Gespräch.” <i>Schnittstelle Kunstunterricht: Skulptur
    - Material - Prozess</i>, edited by Karina Pauls, 2024.'
  short: 'K. Pauls, T. Musehold, in: K. Pauls (Ed.), Schnittstelle Kunstunterricht:
    Skulptur - Material - Prozess, 2024.'
date_created: 2026-05-08T12:57:17Z
date_updated: 2026-05-08T12:57:33Z
editor:
- first_name: Karina
  full_name: Pauls, Karina
  last_name: Pauls
language:
- iso: ger
publication: 'Schnittstelle Kunstunterricht: Skulptur - Material - Prozess'
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - '9783763977253'
publication_status: published
status: public
title: 3D-Druck in Kunst und Lehre - Thomas Musehold und Karina Pauls im Gespräch
type: book_chapter
user_id: '78235'
year: '2024'
...
---
_id: '65590'
author:
- first_name: Karina
  full_name: Pauls, Karina
  id: '78235'
  last_name: Pauls
citation:
  ama: 'Pauls K. Skulptur und Prozesse im Material. In: Pauls K, ed. <i>Schnittstelle
    Kunstunterricht: Skulptur - Material - Prozess</i>. ; 2024. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3278/9783763977246">10.3278/9783763977246</a>'
  apa: 'Pauls, K. (2024). Skulptur und Prozesse im Material. In K. Pauls (Ed.), <i>Schnittstelle
    Kunstunterricht: Skulptur - Material - Prozess</i>. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3278/9783763977246">https://doi.org/10.3278/9783763977246</a>'
  bibtex: '@inbook{Pauls_2024, title={Skulptur und Prozesse im Material}, DOI={<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.3278/9783763977246">10.3278/9783763977246</a>}, booktitle={Schnittstelle
    Kunstunterricht: Skulptur - Material - Prozess}, author={Pauls, Karina}, editor={Pauls,
    Karina}, year={2024} }'
  chicago: 'Pauls, Karina. “Skulptur und Prozesse im Material.” In <i>Schnittstelle
    Kunstunterricht: Skulptur - Material - Prozess</i>, edited by Karina Pauls, 2024.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.3278/9783763977246">https://doi.org/10.3278/9783763977246</a>.'
  ieee: 'K. Pauls, “Skulptur und Prozesse im Material,” in <i>Schnittstelle Kunstunterricht:
    Skulptur - Material - Prozess</i>, K. Pauls, Ed. 2024.'
  mla: 'Pauls, Karina. “Skulptur und Prozesse im Material.” <i>Schnittstelle Kunstunterricht:
    Skulptur - Material - Prozess</i>, edited by Karina Pauls, 2024, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3278/9783763977246">10.3278/9783763977246</a>.'
  short: 'K. Pauls, in: K. Pauls (Ed.), Schnittstelle Kunstunterricht: Skulptur -
    Material - Prozess, 2024.'
date_created: 2026-05-08T12:51:23Z
date_updated: 2026-05-08T12:51:36Z
doi: 10.3278/9783763977246
editor:
- first_name: Karina
  full_name: Pauls, Karina
  last_name: Pauls
language:
- iso: ger
publication: 'Schnittstelle Kunstunterricht: Skulptur - Material - Prozess'
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - '9783763977253'
publication_status: published
status: public
title: Skulptur und Prozesse im Material
type: book_chapter
user_id: '78235'
year: '2024'
...
---
_id: '65591'
author:
- first_name: Karina
  full_name: Pauls, Karina
  id: '78235'
  last_name: Pauls
citation:
  ama: 'Pauls K. Beispiel aus der Lehrpraxis: Keramik + X. In: Pauls K, ed. <i>Schnittstelle
    Kunstunterricht: Skulptur - Material - Prozess</i>. ; 2024.'
  apa: 'Pauls, K. (2024). Beispiel aus der Lehrpraxis: Keramik + X. In K. Pauls (Ed.),
    <i>Schnittstelle Kunstunterricht: Skulptur - Material - Prozess</i>.'
  bibtex: '@inbook{Pauls_2024, title={Beispiel aus der Lehrpraxis: Keramik + X}, booktitle={Schnittstelle
    Kunstunterricht: Skulptur - Material - Prozess}, author={Pauls, Karina}, editor={Pauls,
    Karina}, year={2024} }'
  chicago: 'Pauls, Karina. “Beispiel aus der Lehrpraxis: Keramik + X.” In <i>Schnittstelle
    Kunstunterricht: Skulptur - Material - Prozess</i>, edited by Karina Pauls, 2024.'
  ieee: 'K. Pauls, “Beispiel aus der Lehrpraxis: Keramik + X,” in <i>Schnittstelle
    Kunstunterricht: Skulptur - Material - Prozess</i>, K. Pauls, Ed. 2024.'
  mla: 'Pauls, Karina. “Beispiel aus der Lehrpraxis: Keramik + X.” <i>Schnittstelle
    Kunstunterricht: Skulptur - Material - Prozess</i>, edited by Karina Pauls, 2024.'
  short: 'K. Pauls, in: K. Pauls (Ed.), Schnittstelle Kunstunterricht: Skulptur -
    Material - Prozess, 2024.'
date_created: 2026-05-08T12:54:52Z
date_updated: 2026-05-08T12:57:36Z
editor:
- first_name: Karina
  full_name: Pauls, Karina
  last_name: Pauls
language:
- iso: ger
publication: 'Schnittstelle Kunstunterricht: Skulptur - Material - Prozess'
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - '9783763977253'
publication_status: published
status: public
title: 'Beispiel aus der Lehrpraxis: Keramik + X'
type: book_chapter
user_id: '78235'
year: '2024'
...
---
_id: '65589'
citation:
  ama: 'Pauls K, ed. <i>Schnittstelle Kunstunterricht: Skulptur - Material - Prozess</i>.;
    2024. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3278/9783763977246">10.3278/9783763977246</a>'
  apa: 'Pauls, K. (Ed.). (2024). <i>Schnittstelle Kunstunterricht: Skulptur - Material
    - Prozess</i>. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3278/9783763977246">https://doi.org/10.3278/9783763977246</a>'
  bibtex: '@book{Pauls_2024, title={Schnittstelle Kunstunterricht: Skulptur - Material
    - Prozess}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.3278/9783763977246">10.3278/9783763977246</a>},
    year={2024} }'
  chicago: 'Pauls, Karina, ed. <i>Schnittstelle Kunstunterricht: Skulptur - Material
    - Prozess</i>, 2024. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3278/9783763977246">https://doi.org/10.3278/9783763977246</a>.'
  ieee: 'K. Pauls, Ed., <i>Schnittstelle Kunstunterricht: Skulptur - Material - Prozess</i>.
    2024.'
  mla: 'Pauls, Karina, editor. <i>Schnittstelle Kunstunterricht: Skulptur - Material
    - Prozess</i>. 2024, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3278/9783763977246">10.3278/9783763977246</a>.'
  short: 'K. Pauls, ed., Schnittstelle Kunstunterricht: Skulptur - Material - Prozess,
    2024.'
date_created: 2026-05-08T12:48:05Z
date_updated: 2026-05-08T12:48:17Z
doi: 10.3278/9783763977246
editor:
- first_name: Karina
  full_name: Pauls, Karina
  last_name: Pauls
language:
- iso: ger
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - '9783763977253'
publication_status: published
status: public
title: 'Schnittstelle Kunstunterricht: Skulptur - Material - Prozess'
type: book_editor
user_id: '78235'
year: '2024'
...
---
_id: '57860'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: BloKK-Beitrag für das ZeKK, 07.06.2024
author:
- first_name: Sarah
  full_name: Lebock, Sarah
  id: '53425'
  last_name: Lebock
  orcid: 0009-0005-7485-1902
citation:
  ama: Lebock S. <i>“Auf der Suche nach Frieden.”</i>; 2024.
  apa: Lebock, S. (2024). <i>“Auf der Suche nach Frieden.”</i>
  bibtex: '@book{Lebock_2024, place={BloKK-Beitrag für das ZeKK, 07.06.2024}, title={“Auf
    der Suche nach Frieden”}, author={Lebock, Sarah}, year={2024} }'
  chicago: Lebock, Sarah. <i>“Auf der Suche nach Frieden.”</i> BloKK-Beitrag für das
    ZeKK, 07.06.2024, 2024.
  ieee: S. Lebock, <i>“Auf der Suche nach Frieden.”</i> BloKK-Beitrag für das ZeKK,
    07.06.2024, 2024.
  mla: Lebock, Sarah. <i>“Auf der Suche nach Frieden.”</i> 2024.
  short: S. Lebock, “Auf der Suche nach Frieden,” BloKK-Beitrag für das ZeKK, 07.06.2024,
    2024.
date_created: 2024-12-24T02:26:31Z
date_updated: 2026-05-10T12:04:07Z
department:
- _id: '550'
language:
- iso: ger
main_file_link:
- url: https://blogs.uni-paderborn.de/zekkblog/2024/06/07/auf-der-suche-nach-frieden/
place: BloKK-Beitrag für das ZeKK, 07.06.2024
status: public
title: '"Auf der Suche nach Frieden"'
type: misc
user_id: '53425'
year: '2024'
...
