@inproceedings{9760,
  abstract     = {{Self-optimizing systems are able to adapt their behavior autonomously according to their current self-determined objectives. Unforeseen influences could lead to dependability-critical behavior of the system. Methods are required which secure self-optimizing systems during operation. These methods to increase the dependability of the system should already be taken into consideration in the design process. This paper presents a guideline for the dependability-oriented design of self-optimizing systems, which integrates established classical methods like failure mode and effects analysis as well as methods based on self-optimization. On the one hand self-optimization is used to increase the dependability of the system by integrating objectives like safety, availability, and reliability to the objectives of the system. On the other hand methods are required to ensure the self-optimization itself. As basis for this guideline serves the principle solution of the system. The six phases of the guideline extend the design process and lead to an enhanced principle solution. Additionally, the guideline illustrates phases to implement and validate the self-optimizing system. The proposed guideline is applied to an innovative rail-bound vehicle, called RailCab, which is equipped with self-optimizing function modules.}},
  author       = {{Sondermann-Wölke, Christoph and Hemsel, Tobias and Sextro, Walter and Gausemeier, Jürgen and Pook, Sebastian}},
  booktitle    = {{Industrial Informatics (INDIN), 2010 8th IEEE International Conference on}},
  keywords     = {{RailCab, dependability-critical behavior, dependability-oriented design, failure mode, rail-bound vehicle, secure self-optimizing systems, self-optimizing function modules, optimisation, railways, self-adjusting systems}},
  pages        = {{739 --744}},
  title        = {{{Guideline for the dependability-oriented design of self-optimizing systems}}},
  doi          = {{10.1109/INDIN.2010.5549490}},
  year         = {{2010}},
}

@article{9761,
  abstract     = {{New mechatronic systems, called self-optimizing systems, are able to adapt their behavior according to environmental, user and system specific influences. Self-optimizing systems are complex and due to their non-deterministic behavior comprise hidden risks, which cannot be foreseen in the design phase of the system. Therefore, modifications of the ISO 17359 condition monitoring policy for being able to cope with this new kind of systems are presented. Besides avoiding critical situations evoked by self-optimization, the proposed concept uses self-optimization to increase the dependability of the system. This concept is applied to the active guidance module of an innovative rail-bound vehicle. First test drives provide information for the enhancement of the implementation of realtime switching to appropriate control strategies. The different control strategies are investigated in detail. It is illustrated that influences on the system like different track sections or the desired velocity of the RailCab effect the system and can lead to a higher amount of flange contacts, which indicate higher wear and thus a reduction of the availability of the system. Therefore, these influences should be minded within the condition monitoring policy. Consequently, this article presents the condition monitoring policy for self-optimizing function modules and its application to the active railway guidance module.}},
  author       = {{Sondermann-Wölke, Christoph and Sextro, Walter}},
  journal      = {{International Journal On Advances in Intelligent Systems}},
  keywords     = {{dependability, condition monitoring, selfoptimization, active railway guidance module}},
  number       = {{1 - 3}},
  pages        = {{65 -- 74}},
  title        = {{{Integration of Condition Monitoring in Self-optimizing Function Modules Applied to the Active Railway Guidance Module}}},
  volume       = {{3}},
  year         = {{2010}},
}

@inproceedings{9762,
  abstract     = {{Die erweiterten Möglichkeiten der Informationsverarbeitung mechatronischer Systeme erlauben es, mechatronische Systeme selbstoptimierend zu gestalten. Dabei bezieht sich die Selbstoptimierung auf die Fähigkeit des Systems, sich an die aktuelle Umfeldsituation anzupassen; wobei das System im Allgemeinen mehrere relevante Ziele verfolgt. Wurde eine Umfeldveränderung bemerkt, so müssen diese Ziele an die neue Situation angepasst und das resultierende Verhalten ausgewählt werden. In diesem Beitrag wird das selbstoptimierende Spurführungsmodul näher untersucht. Das Spurführungsmodul ist Bestandteil eines innovativen schienengebundenen Verkehrssystems, genannt RailCab, und dient zur Lenkung des einzelnen Fahrzeugs. Ziele des Spurführungsmoduls bestehen darin, die Verlässlichkeit des Spurführungsmoduls zu erhöhen sowie möglichst wenig Energie zu verbrauchen. Um kritische Systemzustände zu erkennen bzw. frühzeitig zu verhindern wird eine Vorgehensweise zur Einrichtung einer Zustandsüberwachung für selbstoptimierende Systeme beschrieben. Diese wird auf dem realen Versuchsträger im Maßstab 1:2,5 implementiert. Die Auswertung von Versuchsfahrten zeigt, dass gerade beim Auftreten eines Fehlers das Umschalten vom Ziel ''Energieverbrauch minimieren`` auf das Ziel ''Verlässlichkeit maximieren`` sinnvoll ist.}},
  author       = {{Sondermann-Wölke, Christoph and Sextro, Walter and Geisler, Jens and Trächtler, Ansgar}},
  booktitle    = {{Entwurf mechatronischer Systeme}},
  editor       = {{Gausemeier, Jürgen and Rammig, Frans Josef and Trächtler, Ansgar}},
  keywords     = {{Selbstoptimierung, Spurführungsmodul}},
  pages        = {{411 -- 420}},
  title        = {{{Experimentelle Untersuchung der Selbstoptimierung innerhalb des RailCab-Spurführungsmoduls}}},
  volume       = {{272}},
  year         = {{2010}},
}

@inproceedings{9763,
  abstract     = {{Recent advances in information processing enable new kinds of technical systems, called self-optimizing systems. These systems are able to adapt their objectives and their behavior according to the current situation and influences autonomously. This behavior adaptation is non-deterministic and hence self-optimization is a risk to the system, e.g. if the result of the self-optimization process does not match the suddenly changed situation. In contrary, self-optimization could be used to increase the dependability by pursuing objectives like reliability and availability. In our preceding publications we introduced the so called multi-level dependability concept to cope with this new kind of systems (cf. [6]). This concept comprises the monitoring of the system behavior, the classification of the current situation, and the selection of the appropriate measure, if reliability limits are exceeded. In this paper we present for the first time experimental results. The dependability concept is implemented in the self-optimizing active guidance system of a railway vehicle. The test drives illustrate clearly that the proposed concept is able to cope with, e.g., sensor failures, and is able to increase the reliability and availability of the active guidance module.}},
  author       = {{Sondermann-Wölke, Christoph and Geisler, Jens and Sextro, Walter}},
  booktitle    = {{Reliability and Maintainability Symposium (RAMS), 2010 Proceedings - Annual}},
  issn         = {{0149-144X}},
  keywords     = {{availability, dependability concept, multilevel dependability concept, railway vehicle, reliability, self optimizing active guidance system, self optimizing railway guidance system, situation classification, system behavior monitoring, optimal control, railways, reliability theory, self-adjusting systems}},
  pages        = {{1 --6}},
  title        = {{{Increasing the reliability of a self-optimizing railway guidance system}}},
  doi          = {{10.1109/RAMS.2010.5448080}},
  year         = {{2010}},
}

@misc{27938,
  author       = {{Dell'Aere, A. and Hirsch, M. and Klöpper, B. and Koester, M. and Krüger, M. and Krupp, A. and Müller, T. and Oberthür, S. and Pook, S. and Priesterjahn, C. and Romaus, C. and Schmidt, A. and Sondermann-Wölke, C. and Tichy, M. and Vöcking, H. and Zimmer, D.}},
  isbn         = {{978-3-939350-54-5}},
  publisher    = {{Verlagsschriftenreihe des Heinz Nixdorf Instituts, Paderborn}},
  title        = {{{Verlässlichkeit selbstoptimierender Systeme - Potenziale nutzen und Risiken vermeiden}}},
  volume       = {{235}},
  year         = {{2009}},
}

@article{23230,
  author       = {{Sondermann-Wölke, Christoph and Geisler, Jens and Hirsch, Martin and Hemsel, Tobias}},
  journal      = {{6. Paderborner Workshop: "Entwurf mechatronischer Systeme"}},
  pages        = {{231--243}},
  title        = {{{Verlässlichkeit im aktiven selbstoptimierenden Spurführungsmodul eines schienengebundenen Fahrzeugs}}},
  volume       = {{Band 250}},
  year         = {{2009}},
}

@book{23232,
  author       = {{Dell'Aere, Alessandro and Hirsch, Martin and Klöpper, Benjamin and Koester, Markus and Krupp, Alexander and Krüger, Martin and Müller, Thomas and Oberthür, Simon and Pook, Sebastian and Priesterjahn, Claudia and Romaus, Christoph and Schmidt, Alexander and Sondermann-Wölke, Christoph and Tichy, Matthias and Voecking, Henner and Zimmer, Detmar}},
  publisher    = {{Verlagsschriftenreihe des Heinz Nixdorf Instituts, Paderborn}},
  title        = {{{Verlässlichkeit selbstoptimierender Systeme. Potenziale nutzen und Risiken vermeiden}}},
  year         = {{2009}},
}

@article{23234,
  author       = {{Klöpper, Benjamin and Sondermann-Wölke, Christoph and Romaus, Christoph and Voecking, Henner}},
  journal      = {{IEEE-CICA 2009}},
  title        = {{{Probabilistic Planning Integrated in a Multi-level Dependability Concept for Mechatronic Systems }}},
  year         = {{2009}},
}

@article{23249,
  author       = {{Sondermann-Wölke, Christoph and Geisler, Jens and Hirsch, Martin and Hemsel, Tobias}},
  journal      = {{6. Paderborner Workshop: "Entwurf mechatronischer Systeme"}},
  pages        = {{231--243}},
  title        = {{{Verlässlichkeit im aktiven selbstoptimierenden Spurführungsmodul eines schienengebundenen Fahrzeugs}}},
  volume       = {{Band 250}},
  year         = {{2009}},
}

@book{23251,
  author       = {{Dell'Aere, Alessandro and Hirsch, Martin and Klöpper, Benjamin and Koester, Markus and Krupp, Alexander and Krüger, Martin and Müller, Thomas and Oberthür, Simon and Pook, Sebastian and Priesterjahn, Claudia and Romaus, Christoph and Schmidt, Alexander and Sondermann-Wölke, Christoph and Tichy, Matthias and Voecking, Henner and Zimmer, Detmar}},
  publisher    = {{Verlagsschriftenreihe des Heinz Nixdorf Instituts, Paderborn}},
  title        = {{{Verlässlichkeit selbstoptimierender Systeme. Potenziale nutzen und Risiken vermeiden}}},
  year         = {{2009}},
}

@article{23253,
  author       = {{Klöpper, Benjamin and Sondermann-Wölke, Christoph and Romaus, Christoph and Voecking, Henner}},
  journal      = {{IEEE-CICA 2009}},
  title        = {{{Probabilistic Planning Integrated in a Multi-level Dependability Concept for Mechatronic Systems }}},
  year         = {{2009}},
}

@book{9579,
  abstract     = {{Gegenstand des Sonderforschungsbereichs 614 "Selbstoptimierende Systeme des Maschinenbaus" sind maschinenbauliche Systeme von morgen. Diese werden aus Konfigurationen von Systemelementen mit einer inh{\"a}renten Teilintelligenz bestehen. Das Verhalten des Gesamtsystems wird durch die Kommunikation und Kooperation der intelligenten Systemelemente geprägt sein. Selbstoptimierung ermöglicht handlungsfähige Systeme mit inhärenter "Intelligenz", die in der Lage sind, selbständig und flexibel auf veränderte Betriebsbedingungen zu reagieren. Die Vision des SFB 614 ist eine neue Schule des Entwurfs von intelligenten mechatronischen Systemen. Diese neue Schule beruht auf einem Instrumentarium bestehend aus Vorgehensmodellen, Entwurfsmethoden und -werkzeugen und Praktiken. Das Instrumentarium entsteht im Wechselspiel mit der Entwicklung von anspruchsvollen Demonstratoren, die als repräsentativ für künftige Erzeugnisse des Maschinenbaus und verwandter Branchen wie der Automobilindustrie und der Medizintechnik gelten können. Vor diesem Hintergrund zeichnet sich die Herausforderung ab, derartige Systeme zuverlässig zu gestalten. Wir haben statt Zuverlässigkeit den Begriff Verlässlichkeit gewählt, weil er die Aspekte Verfügbarkeit, Zuverlässigkeit, Sicherheit und Vertraulichkeit umfasst und somit unser Anliegen auf den Weg zu den Erzeugnissen von morgen treffend zum Ausdruck bringt. Das vorliegende Buch ist das Ergebnis der projektübergreifenden interdisziplinären Zusammenarbeit in dem Arbeitskreis "Sicherheit und Stabilität" des SFB 614. Es gibt eine gut aufbereitete Einführung in den umfassenden Themenkomplex Verlässlichkeit und zeigt anhand von anspruchsvollen Beispielen der fortgeschrittenen Mechatronik, wie komplexe, stark durch Informations- und Kommunikationstechnik geprägte technische Systeme verlässlich gestaltet werden können. Dabei wird deutlich, dass das Wirkparadigma der Selbstoptimierung nicht nur größere Anstrengungen erfordert, um Verlässlichkeit zu erreichen, sondern auch neue Möglichkeiten für mehr Verlässlichkeit eröffnet.}},
  author       = {{Dell'Aere, Alessandro and Hirsch, Martin and Klöpper, Benjamin and Koester, Markus and Krup, Alexander and Krüger, Martin and Müller, Thomas and Oberthür, Simon and Pook, Sebastian and Priesterjahn, Claudia and Romaus, Christoph and Schmidt, Alexander and Sondermann-Wölke, Christoph and Tichy, Matthias and Vöcking, Henner and Zimmer, Detmar}},
  publisher    = {{Heinz Nixdorf Institut, Universität Paderborn}},
  title        = {{{Verlässlichkeit selbstoptimierender Systeme -- Potenziale nutzen und Risiken vermeiden}}},
  volume       = {{235}},
  year         = {{2009}},
}

@inproceedings{9736,
  abstract     = {{Self-optimizing mechatronic systems are a new class of technical systems. On the one hand, new challenges regarding dependability arise from their additional complexity and adaptivity. On the other hand, their abilities enable new concepts and methods to improve the dependability of mechatronic systems. This paper introduces a multi-level dependability concept for self-optimizing mechatronic systems and shows how planning can be used to improve the availability and reliability of systems in the operating stages.}},
  author       = {{Klöpper, Benjamin and Sondermann-Wölke, Christoph and Romaus, Christoph and Vöcking, Henner}},
  booktitle    = {{Computational Intelligence in Control and Automation, 2009. CICA 2009. IEEE Symposium on}},
  keywords     = {{multilevel dependability concept, probabilistic planning, self-optimizing mechatronic systems, systems reliability, mechatronics, planning (artificial intelligence), self-adjusting systems}},
  pages        = {{104 --111}},
  title        = {{{Probabilistic planning integrated in a multi-level dependability concept for mechatronic systems}}},
  doi          = {{10.1109/CICA.2009.4982790}},
  year         = {{2009}},
}

@article{9738,
  author       = {{Sattel, Thomas and Hesse, Tobias and Sondermann-Wölke, Christoph and Hüfner, Thorsten}},
  journal      = {{memo - mechatronik mobil}},
  pages        = {{30--40}},
  title        = {{{Potenzialfeldmethoden zur Fahrzeugführung für Fahrerassistenzsysteme zum automatisierten Fahren}}},
  volume       = {{1}},
  year         = {{2009}},
}

@inproceedings{9740,
  abstract     = {{Die Integration von Selbstoptimierung in mechatronische Systeme beinhaltet sowohl Risiken als auch Potenziale für die Verlässlichkeit. Die Risiken entstehen durch die Selbstoptimierung in den komplexen Systemen, da das Systemverhalten nur begrenzt im Voraus vorhersehbar ist. Daher wurde innerhalb des Sonderforschungsbereichs 614 ''Selbstoptimierende Systeme des Maschinenbaus" ein mehrstufiges Verlässlichkeitskonzept entworfen, welches das Ziel Verlässlichkeit stärker im Zielsystem verankert. In diesem Beitrag wird zum einen das erarbeitete Verlässlichkeitskonzept und zum anderen die Anwendung dieses Konzepts innerhalb des aktiven Spurführungsmoduls eines schienengebundenen Fahrzeugs vorgestellt. Um Programmierfehler auszuschließen wurde das Verlässlichkeitskonzept modelliert und über Model Checking verifiziert. Anhand von Simulationsergebnissen wird gezeigt, wie durch das mehrstufige Verlässlichkeitskonzept auf einen Ausfall eines Wirbelstromsensors des aktiven Spurführungsmoduls reagiert werden kann.}},
  author       = {{Sondermann-Wölke, Christoph and Geisler, Jens and Hirsch, Martin and Hemsel, Tobias}},
  booktitle    = {{Entwurf mechatronischer Systeme}},
  editor       = {{Gausemeier, Jürgen and Rammig, Franz Josef and Trächtler, Ansger}},
  keywords     = {{Verlässigkeit}},
  pages        = {{231 -- 242}},
  title        = {{{Verlässlichkeit im aktiven selbstoptimierenden Spurführungsmodul eines schienengebundenen Fahrzeugs}}},
  volume       = {{250}},
  year         = {{2009}},
}

@inproceedings{9741,
  author       = {{Sondermann-Wölke, Christoph and Hesse, Tobias and Sattel, Thomas and Hemsel, Tobias}},
  booktitle    = {{24. Tagung Technische Zuverlässigkeit (TTZ 2009) - Entwicklung und Betrieb zuverlässiger Produkte, Leonberg}},
  pages        = {{335 -- 340}},
  title        = {{{Menschliche Unzuverlässigkeit als Grundlage für den Entwurf von Kollisionsvermeidungssystemen.}}},
  volume       = {{2065}},
  year         = {{2009}},
}

@inproceedings{9742,
  abstract     = {{New mechatronic systems, called self-optimizing systems, are able to adapt their behavior according to environmental, user and system specific influences. Self-optimizing systems are complex and due to their non-deterministic behavior comprise hidden risks, which cannot be foreseen in the design phase of the system. Therefore, this paper presents modifications of the current condition monitoring policy, to be able to cope with this new kind of systems. Beside avoiding critical situations evoked by self-optimization, the proposed concept uses self-optimization to increase the dependability of the system. In this case, the concept is applied to the active guidance module of an innovative rail-bound vehicle.}},
  author       = {{Sondermann-Wölke, Christoph and Sextro, Walter}},
  booktitle    = {{Future Computing, Service Computation, Cognitive, Adaptive, Content, Patterns, 2009. COMPUTATIONWORLD '09. Computation World:}},
  keywords     = {{condition monitoring, mechatronic systems, rail bound vehicle, rail guidance module, self-optimization, self-optimizing function modules, condition monitoring, mechatronics, railway rolling stock, self-adjusting systems}},
  pages        = {{15 --20}},
  title        = {{{Towards the Integration of Condition Monitoring in Self-Optimizing Function Modules}}},
  doi          = {{10.1109/ComputationWorld.2009.47}},
  year         = {{2009}},
}

@inproceedings{30501,
  author       = {{Klöpper, Benjamin and Sondermann-Wölke, Christoph and Romaus, Christoph and Vöcking, Henner}},
  booktitle    = {{2009 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence in Control and Automation}},
  publisher    = {{IEEE}},
  title        = {{{Probabilistic planning integrated in a multi-level dependability concept for mechatronic systems}}},
  doi          = {{10.1109/cica.2009.4982790}},
  year         = {{2009}},
}

@article{23263,
  author       = {{Sondermann-Wölke, Christoph and Müller, Thomas and Geisler, Jens and Trächtler, Ansgar and Böcker, Joachim}},
  journal      = {{ASME 2008 - International Design Engineering Technical Conferences & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (IDETC/CIE)}},
  title        = {{{The Active Guidance Module of a Rail-Bound Vehicle as an Application of Dependability Oriented Design in Self-Optimizing Systems}}},
  year         = {{2008}},
}

@inproceedings{9573,
  abstract     = {{Integrating dependability in self-optimizing systems is a challenging task. Self-optimizing systems incorporate on the one hand the opportunity to apply novel solutions to complex mechatronic systems, but on the other hand constitute a possible risk because of non-determined behavior. The dependability concept in this paper covers both aspects: Increasing safety with selfoptimization and minimizing the risk of self-optimization. This dependability concept is combined with the self-optimization process of the active guidance module which is currently under development at the Collaborative Research Center 614 at the University of Paderborn.}},
  author       = {{Sondermann-Wölke, Christoph and Geisler, Jens and Müler, Thomas and Trächtler, Ansgar and Böcker, Joachim}},
  booktitle    = {{ASME 2008 -- International Design Engineering Technical Conferences \& Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (IDETC/CIE)}},
  title        = {{{The active guidance module of a rail-bound vehicle as an application for the dependability oriented design in self-optimizing systems}}},
  year         = {{2008}},
}