@inproceedings{64795, author = {{Ebert, Marc and Temmen, Katrin}}, location = {{Oldenburg}}, title = {{{Über Rätsel zur Quantenphysik – Eine spielerische Heranführung an ein abstraktes Thema}}}, year = {{2025}}, } @inproceedings{64798, abstract = {{Lead-containing piezoelectric ceramics are still the base for today’s ultrasonic transducers used in broad applications. This is partly due to missing powerful lead-free piezoelectric ceramic parts in the commercial market. There has been much research on lead-free materials but developing them into marketable parts seems to be an ongoing process. The actual exemption of ROHS has expired, but as the new exemption has already been requested, ceramic suppliers keep on selling lead containing products. Nevertheless, these should be replaced by lead-free alternatives for environmental and health issues. This contribution focuses on exploring the technological readiness level of lead-free hard piezoceramics for prestressed ultrasonic transducers. A small series of bolted Langevin transducers was set up with standard PZT material and three commercial lead-free variants. Results of the building process from individual ring ceramic characteristics to transducer load tests are presented. The main finding of this study is that the lead-free materials technically can compete with the standard PZT for medium-power applications. Some adaptations in the ultrasonic system must be done: the geometry must be altered to fit resonance frequency, and higher voltages or thinner ceramics are needed to achieve the same vibration level at low load. For reaching same power, the volume of lead-free ceramics must be 1.5 to 3 times larger. As already promoted in literature, mechanical losses at high vibration levels are smaller for the lead-free materials. This might help to argument lead-free piezoelectric materials in some applications. References 1. Directive 2011/65/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 8 June 2011 on the Restriction of the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment. EUR-Lex Document 02011L0065-20240801. Available online: http://data.europa.eu/eli/dir/2011/65/2024-08-01 (accessed on 24 January 2025). 2. Langevin, P. (1918) Method and Apparatus for Transmitting and Receiving Submarine Elastic Waves Using the Piezoelectric Properties of Quartz. French Patent Office; Patent No. FR505703. 3. Hemsel, T.; Twiefel, J. (2023) Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Power Transducers. In Encyclopedia of Materials: Electronics; Academic Press: Oxford, UK; pp. 276–285. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-819728-8.00047-4. 4. ATHENA Technologie Beratung GmbH (2025) Description of Ultrasound Generator. Available online: http://shop.myathena.de/epages/12074748.sf/de_DE/?ObjectPath=/Shops/12074748/Products/AM200 (accessed on 13 January 2025). 5. Littmann, W.; Hemsel, T.; Kauczor, C.; Wallaschek, J.; Sinha, W. (2003) Load-adaptive phase-controller for resonant driven piezoelectric devices. Proc. World Congr. Ultrason. 2003, 48, 547–550. 6. Scheidemann, C., Bornmann, P., Littmann, W., & Hemsel, T. (2025). Lead-Free Ceramics in Prestressed Ultrasonic Transducers. Actuators, 14(2), 55. https://doi.org/10.3390/act14020055 }}, author = {{Scheidemann, Claus and Bornmann, Peter and Littmann, Walter and Hemsel, Tobias}}, keywords = {{lead free piezoelectric ceramics, bolted Langevin transducer, medium power ultrasound.}}, location = {{Vilnius, Lithuania}}, title = {{{Bolted Langevin transducers with leadfree piezoelectric ceramics}}}, year = {{2025}}, } @inproceedings{64800, abstract = {{Intensive ultrasonic cleaning of surfaces by means of a lead-free ultrasonic transducer with focusing sonotrode Ultrasonic cleaning baths are probably a coincidental development: After underwater sonars had already been successfully used to detect submarines before 1920, it was probably observed in this environment that the ultrasonic oscillators not only showed a self-cleaning effect but also cavitation damage. At the beginning of the 1950s, the first ultrasonic cleaning devices finally came onto the market. Today, the range of applications ranges from household appliances for jewellery and eyewear cleaning to classic cleaning baths for metal parts and systems for cleaning highly sensitive electronic components. There is a certain gap in handheld, mobile cleaning equipment. Although devices for spot cleaning of textiles are known, the cleaning effect is usually low. Due to the directive 2011/65/EU on the restriction of the use of hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment (RoHS) [1] lead should no longer be used in technical devices. As today’s standard ceramics for medium and high-power ultrasonic transducers typically contain lead, there is a need to explore the use of lead-free ceramics in this field. Honda [2] already offers a cleaning transducer based on lead-free piezoelectric ceramics, but it is designed to be used in cleaning baths. This article presents the model-based development of a highly innovative ultrasonic cleaner. On the one hand, lead-free piezoelectric ceramics are used, and on the other hand, a special sonotrode has been developed that concentrates the sound in such a way that a strong cavitation and thus cleaning effect is achieved with comparatively low power in a short time. Coupled field finite element method was used to find an appropriate geometry for the focussing sonotrode. The comparison of simulation and measurement results shows that the lead-free piezoceramics used do their job well and can keep up with standard ceramics, but more ceramic volume is needed to achieve same power. An advanced control concept was elaborated to ensure continuous hard cavitation at varying distances between the sonotrode and the part to be cleaned. Cleaning results for different surfaces and contaminations are presented. The concept of the focusing sonotrode shows that a convincing cleaning result can be achieved even with low power and in short time, provided that the oscillation system and control electronics are suitably coordinated. References [1] http://data.europa.eu/eli/dir/2011/65/2024-08-01 [2] https://en.honda-el.co.jp/product/ceramics/lineup/lead_off/lead-off }}, author = {{Hemsel, Tobias and Scheidemann, Claus and Bornmann, Peter and Littmann, Walter and Sextro, Walter}}, location = {{Paderborn, Germany}}, title = {{{Intensive ultrasonic cleaning of surfaces by means of lead-free ultrasonic transducer with focussing sonotrode}}}, year = {{2025}}, } @inproceedings{61755, author = {{Scheidemann, Claus and Hemsel, Tobias and Sextro, Walter}}, location = {{Vilnius, Lithuania}}, title = {{{Time dependent material characteristics of prestressed piezoelectric ceramics in langevin transducers}}}, year = {{2025}}, } @inproceedings{61757, author = {{Scheidemann, Claus and Porzenheim, Julius and Hemsel, Tobias and Sextro, Walter}}, location = {{Paderborn, Germany}}, title = {{{Investigation of the Setting Behaviour of Mechanically Biased Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Transducers}}}, year = {{2025}}, } @article{57829, abstract = {{Artificial intelligence (AI) is driving transformative changes across numerous fields, revolutionizing conventional processes and creating new opportunities for innovation. The development of mechatronic systems is undergoing a similar transformation. Over the past decade, modeling, simulation, and optimization techniques have become integral to the design process, paving the way for the adoption of AI-based methods. In this paper, we examine the potential for integrating AI into the engineering design process, using the V-model from the VDI guideline 2206, considered the state-of-the-art in product design, as a foundation. We identify and classify AI methods based on their suitability for specific stages within the engineering product design workflow. Furthermore, we present a series of application examples where AI-assisted design has been successfully implemented by the authors. These examples, drawn from research projects within the DFG Priority Program \emph{SPP~2353: Daring More Intelligence - Design Assistants in Mechanics and Dynamics}, showcase a diverse range of applications across mechanics and mechatronics, including areas such as acoustics and robotics.}}, author = {{de Payrebrune, Kristin M. and Flaßkamp, Kathrin and Ströhla, Tom and Sattel, Thomas and Bestle, Dieter and Röder, Benedict and Eberhard, Peter and Peitz, Sebastian and Stoffel, Marcus and Rutwik, Gulakala and Aditya, Borse and Wohlleben, Meike Claudia and Sextro, Walter and Raff, Maximilian and Remy, C. David and Yadav, Manish and Stender, Merten and van Delden, Jan and Lüddecke, Timo and Langer, Sabine C. and Schultz, Julius and Blech, Christopher}}, journal = {{Technische Mechanik - European Journal of Engineering Mechanics}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{1--23}}, title = {{{The impact of AI on engineering design procedures for dynamical systems}}}, doi = {{10.24352/UB.OVGU-2025-037}}, volume = {{45}}, year = {{2025}}, } @inbook{62988, author = {{Amakor, Augustina C. and Berkemeier, Manuel B. and Wohlleben, Meike Claudia and Sextro, Walter and Peitz, Sebastian}}, booktitle = {{Lecture Notes in Computer Science}}, isbn = {{9783032045546}}, issn = {{0302-9743}}, publisher = {{Springer Nature Switzerland}}, title = {{{Surrogate-Assisted Multi-objective Design of Complex Multibody Systems}}}, doi = {{10.1007/978-3-032-04555-3_21}}, year = {{2025}}, } @inproceedings{64812, author = {{Hofmann, Julia and Teutenberg, Dominik and Meschut, Gerson}}, booktitle = {{25. Kolloquium: Gemeinsame Forschung in der Klebtechnik}}, location = {{Köln}}, title = {{{Methodenentwicklung zur numerischen Auslegung von Klebverbindungen mit lackierten Fügeteilen}}}, year = {{2025}}, } @inproceedings{64611, abstract = {{Für die Aufrechterhaltung der natürlichen Ressourcen ist eine effiziente Nutzung dieser essenziell. Vor diesem Hintergrund untersucht das vorliegende Paper die Rolle der Kreislaufwirtschaft als wegweisendes Wirtschaftsmodell, das von der Europäischen Union gefördert wird. Ziel der Kreislaufwirtschaft ist es, den Ressourcenverbrauch und die Abfallproduktion zu minimieren, indem ein kontinuierlicher Kreislauf aus Nutzung, Wiederverwendung und Recycling von Materialien geschaffen wird. Ein zentraler Aspekt dabei ist der Produktentwicklungsprozess (PEP) - ein vielschichtiger Prozess mit zahlreichen Einflussfaktoren und theoretisch unbegrenzten Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten. Diese Vielfalt führt jedoch zu erheblichen Entscheidungsunsicherheiten, die die Umsetzung von Kreislaufwirtschaftsprinzipien erschweren können. Um diese Herausforderungen zu adressieren, wird ein methodischer Prozess vorgestellt, der eine systematische Klassifizierung im Zusammenhang mit umliegenden Bauteilen ermöglicht. Die Methodik basiert auf einer strukturierten Bewertung von Bauteilen hinsichtlich ihrer Relevanz für die Kreislaufwirtschaft. Dabei werden zentrale Aspekte wie Wiederverwendbarkeit, Recyclingfähigkeit und Ressourceneffizienz berücksichtigt, darunter: • Handelt es sich um ein Gebrauchs- oder Verbrauchsprodukt? • Ist das Bauteil eine Wiederverwendung oder eine Neufertigung? • Ist das Bauteil standardisiert, zugekauft oder individuell ausgerichtet? • Welche primäre Funktion nimmt das Bauteil ein? Diese strukturierte Klassifizierung unterstützt die Entscheidungsfindung bereits früh im PEP. Sie ermöglicht es Produktentwickelnden, Potenziale für die Kreislaufwirtschaft frühzeitig zu erkennen und gezielt nachhaltige Maßnahmen zu ergreifen. Die entwickelte Methodik bildet somit eine Grundlage für die Integration kreislaufwirtschaftlicher Prinzipien in den Entwicklungsprozess. Insbesondere im Kontext moderner Anforderungen des Mobility Management zeigt sich ihr Potenzial, nachhaltige Innovationen gezielt zu fördern und die Umsetzung der Kreislaufwirtschaft in der industriellen Praxis zu erleichtern.}}, author = {{Rohde, Katharina and Ott, Manuel and Budde, Finn Lukas and Mozgova, Iryna}}, booktitle = {{Solving Conflicts on the Way to Sustainable Mobility: Technische und betriebswirtschaftliche Aspekte}}, editor = {{Proff, Heike}}, location = {{Duisburg}}, publisher = {{Springer Nature Meteor}}, title = {{{Optimierung modularer Produkte für die Mobilität: Ein Klassifizierungsrahmen für zirkuläre Produkte}}}, year = {{2025}}, } @inproceedings{64804, abstract = {{Das Ultraschallschweißen ist in der Verpackungs-, Halbleiter- und Automobilindustrie weit verbreitet. Neben dem Schweißen von Blechen bietet es die Möglichkeit, Folien oder Hülsen zu verschweißen. Konventionelle Schweißsysteme arbeiten mit Längs- oder Biegeschwingungen, deren Hauptanteil in der Schweißebene liegt. Der orthogonale Anteil verursacht zusätzliche Belastungen im Schweißgut. Bei der Verwendung von Torsionsschwingungen wird die orthogonale Komponente der Schwingung nahezu eliminiert. In diesem Beitrag wird ein System vorgestellt, bei dem die Torsionsschwingung durch tangentiale Polarisation der Piezokeramiken erzeugt wird. Der Transducer ist axial oberhalb des Schweißpunktes platziert, sodass die Normalkraft momentfrei aufgebracht wird. Das Schweißwerkzeug weicht beim Schweißvorgang daher seitlich nicht aus. Zudem wird das Schweißen an schwer zugänglichen Positionen vereinfacht, da der Systemaufbau deutlich schlanker ist als konventionelle Ultraschallschweißsysteme. Die Auslegung des Torsionsschwingsystems stellt eine Herausforderung dar. Insbesondere muss die Lagerung des Schwingers betrachtet werden, da diese die Normalkraft übertragen und zugleich die Schwingung nicht beeinträchtigen soll. Der Schweißprozess bewirkt eine Verschiebung von Schwingungsknoten und Resonanzfrequenzen. Im Rahmen des Vortrags wird ein Finite-Elemente-Simulationsmodell vorgestellt, das in Kombination mit einem Lastmodell das Systemverhalten während des Schweißprozesses abbildet. Die Geometrie des Transducers wurde schrittweise so angepasst, dass die Schwingamplitude im Lagerungspunkt minimiert wird. }}, author = {{Dohmen, Markus Daniel and Bornmann, Peter and Littmann, Walter and Hemsel, Tobias and Sextro, Walter}}, title = {{{Modellgestützte Optimierung eines Ultraschall-Torsionsschweißsystems}}}, year = {{2025}}, } @article{64824, abstract = {{(1) Background: As digitalisation transforms society, digital competences are increasingly essential. Yet students’ digital competences often vary significantly, largely influenced by socio-economic background. Some schools—termed “resilient schools”—effectively counter these disadvantages and foster high digital competence. This study investigates the prevalence of such schools and examines how they differ from others. (2) Methods: Drawing on representative ICILS 2023 data, quantitative secondary analyses—including descriptive statistics, t-tests, and multiple regression—were conducted. Following the identification of resilient schools, in-depth analyses focus on those countries with substantial proportions of resilient schools above 10 percent (Austria, Italy, and Portugal), as these countries seem to have effective strategies to foster school resilience. (3) Results: The findings highlight considerable cross-national variation, indicating that school resilience is context-dependent. Resilient schools consistently emphasise student learning-related factors—such as ICT-related attitudes and educational aspirations—while the influence of home environments is less pronounced than in other schools. (4) Conclusions: Strengthening student learning-related factors appears to be crucial for building digital resilience. These insights can inform policy and practice aimed at fostering educational equity and closing the digital divide, particularly in socio-economically disadvantaged contexts.}}, author = {{Niemann, Jan and Eickelmann, Birgit and Drossel, Kerstin}}, issn = {{2227-7102}}, journal = {{Education Sciences}}, number = {{7}}, publisher = {{MDPI AG}}, title = {{{Overcoming Digital Inequalities—Identification and Characterisation of Digitally Resilient Schools in Different Countries Using ICILS 2023 Data}}}, doi = {{10.3390/educsci15070898}}, volume = {{15}}, year = {{2025}}, } @book{64147, abstract = {{Die Rolle der Grammatik im Deutschunterricht wird in der sprachdidaktischen Forschung intensiv diskutiert. Diese Einführung führt die Diskussion konstruktiv fort: Der Band bietet einen erweiterten, oft innovativen Blick auf grammatisches Lernen im Primar- und Sekundarbereich, er thematisiert neben den Grundlagen des Grammatikerwerbs auch Sprach(en)bewusstheit und Mehrsprachigkeit. Gemäß den aktuellen Bildungsstandards für das Fach Deutsch fokussiert er formale und funktionale Aspekte von Grammatik. Der Praxisteil liefert Methoden und Konzepte der Vermittlung als Best-Practice-Beispiele – nicht nur für Lehramtsstudierende, sondern auch für praktizierende Deutschlehrkräfte.}}, author = {{Becker, Tabea and Peschel, Corinna and Topalović, Elvira}}, isbn = {{9783476060099}}, keywords = {{Grammatik, Deutsch, Schule}}, publisher = {{J.B. Metzler}}, title = {{{Grammatik in der Schule. Eine Einführung}}}, doi = {{10.1007/978-3-476-06010-5}}, year = {{2025}}, } @misc{62984, author = {{Sandoval, Marisol}}, booktitle = {{feministische studien}}, issn = {{2365-9920}}, number = {{2}}, pages = {{323--327}}, publisher = {{Walter de Gruyter GmbH}}, title = {{{Vincent Streichhahn (Hrsg.): Feministische Internationale. Texte zu Geschlecht, Klasse und Emanzipation 1832–1936}}}, doi = {{10.1515/fs-2025-0042}}, volume = {{43}}, year = {{2025}}, } @inproceedings{63027, author = {{Ihtassine, Reda and Firmansyah, Asep Fajar and Srivastava, Nikit and Manzoor, Ali and Ngonga Ngomo, Axel-Cyrille and Sherif, Mohamed Ahmed}}, booktitle = {{Proceedings of the Knowledge Capture Conference 2025}}, publisher = {{ACM}}, title = {{{NL2LS: LLM-based Automatic Linking of Knowledge Graphs}}}, doi = {{10.1145/3731443.3771374}}, year = {{2025}}, } @article{64870, author = {{Meyer, Marcel and Zapata Gonzalez, David Ricardo and Kaltenpoth, Sascha Benjamin and Müller, Oliver}}, issn = {{2169-3536}}, journal = {{IEEE Access}}, pages = {{218141--218153}}, publisher = {{Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)}}, title = {{{Benchmarking Time Series Foundation Models for Short-Term Household Electricity Load Forecasting}}}, doi = {{10.1109/access.2025.3648056}}, volume = {{13}}, year = {{2025}}, } @inbook{61150, abstract = {{Since the emergence of the field of eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI), a growing number of researchers have argued that XAI should consider insights from the social sciences in order to adapt explanations to the expectations and needs of human users. This has led to the emergence of a field called Social XAI, which is concerned with understanding how explanations are actively shaped in the interaction between a human user and an AI system. Recognizing this turn in XAI toward making XAI systems more “social” by providing explanations that focus on human information needs and incorporating insights from human–human explanatory interactions, in this paper we provide a formal foundation for Social XAI. We do so by proposing novel ontological accounts of the key terms used in Social XAI based on Basic Formal Ontology (BFO). Specifically, we provide novel ontological accounts for explanandum, explanans, understanding, explanation, explainer, explainee, and context. In doing so, we discuss multifaceted entities in Social XAI (having both continuant and occurrent facets; e.g., explanation) and the relationship between understanding and explanation. Additionally, we propose solutions to seemingly paradoxical views on some terms (e.g., social constructivist vs. individual constructivist perspective on explanandum).}}, author = {{Booshehri, Meisam and Buschmeier, Hendrik and Cimiano, Philipp}}, booktitle = {{Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Formal Ontology in Information Systems}}, isbn = {{9781643686172}}, issn = {{0922-6389}}, location = {{Catania, Italy}}, pages = {{255–268}}, publisher = {{IOS Press}}, title = {{{A BFO-based ontological analysis of entities in Social XAI}}}, doi = {{10.3233/faia250498}}, year = {{2025}}, } @inproceedings{61202, abstract = {{The number of datasets on the web of data increases continuously. However, the knowledge contained therein cannot be fully utilized without finding links between the entities contained in these datasets. Equivalent entities can not be identified solely by checking the equivalence of IRIs because of the different origins and naming schemes of different data providers. Yet, such equivalences can be discovered by computing the similarity of their attributes. In this paper we propose GLIDE, an approach that links entities from two different datasets by embedding a joint model of these datasets enriched by additional relations describing the similarity of literals. The joint model is embedded into a latent vector space while paying attention to juxtaposing similar literals. We evaluate our approach against state-of-the-art algorithms using real-world datasets commonly used in link discovery literature. The results show that GLIDE outperforms all baselines on 5 of 7 datasets with perfect or near-perfect accuracy. Our approach achieves its best performance on datasets that feature several literals with similarities. Our experiments indicate that researchers should not only pay attention to equal literals in knowledge graph embedding but should also be aware of the distance between similar literals.}}, author = {{Becker, Alexander and Ngonga Ngomo, Axel-Cyrille and Sherif, Mohamed }}, booktitle = {{The Semantic Web – ISWC 2025}}, keywords = {{becker sherif enexa sailproject dice simba ngonga whale}}, title = {{{GLIDE: Knowledge Graph Linking using Distance-Aware Embeddings}}}, year = {{2025}}, } @unpublished{61213, abstract = {{Understanding how scaffolding strategies influence human understanding in human-robot interaction is important for developing effective assistive systems. This empirical study investigates linguistic scaffolding strategies based on negation as an important means that de-biases the user from potential errors but increases processing costs and hesitations as a means to ameliorate processing costs. In an adaptive strategy, the user state with respect to the current state of understanding and processing capacity was estimated via a scoring scheme based on task performance, prior scaffolding strategy, and current eye gaze behavior. In the study, the adaptive strategy of providing negations and hesitations was compared with a non-adaptive strategy of providing only affirmations. The adaptive scaffolding strategy was generated using the computational model SHIFT. Our findings indicate that using adaptive scaffolding strategies with SHIFT tends to (1) increased processing costs, as reflected in longer reaction times, but (2) improved task understanding, evidenced by a lower error rate of almost 23%. We assessed the efficiency of SHIFT's selected scaffolding strategies across different cognitive states, finding that in three out of five states, the error rate was lower compared to the baseline condition. We discuss how these results align with the assumptions of the SHIFT model and highlight areas for refinement. Moreover, we demonstrate how scaffolding strategies, such as negation and hesitation, contribute to more effective human-robot explanatory dialogues.}}, author = {{Groß, André and Richter, Birte and Thomzik, Bjarne and Wrede, Britta}}, booktitle = {{arXiv:2503.19692}}, title = {{{Leveraging Cognitive States for Adaptive Scaffolding of Understanding in Explanatory Tasks in HRI}}}, year = {{2025}}, } @unpublished{61214, abstract = {{In this work, we present a domain-independent approach for adaptive scaffolding in robotic explanation generation to guide tasks in human-robot interaction. We present a method for incorporating interdisciplinary research results into a computational model as a pre-configured scoring system implemented in a framework called SHIFT. This involves outlining a procedure for integrating concepts from disciplines outside traditional computer science into a robotics computational framework. Our approach allows us to model the human cognitive state into six observable states within the human partner model. To study the pre-configuration of the system, we implement a reinforcement learning approach on top of our model. This approach allows adaptation to individuals who deviate from the configuration of the scoring system. Therefore, in our proof-of-concept evaluation, the model's adaptability on four different user types shows that the models' adaptation performs better, i.e., recouped faster after exploration and has a higher accumulated reward with our pre-configured scoring system than without it. We discuss further strategies of speeding up the learning phase to enable a realistic adaptation behavior to real users. The system is accessible through docker and supports querying via ROS.}}, author = {{Groß, André and Richter, Birte and Wrede, Britta}}, booktitle = {{arXiv:2503.16447}}, title = {{{SHIFT: An Interdisciplinary Framework for Scaffolding Human Attention and Understanding in Explanatory Tasks}}}, year = {{2025}}, } @article{61134, author = {{Manzoor, Ali and Speck, René and Zahera, Hamada Mohamed Abdelsamee and Saleem, Muhammad and Moussallem, Diego and Ngonga Ngomo, Axel-Cyrille}}, issn = {{2169-3536}}, journal = {{IEEE Access}}, pages = {{1--1}}, publisher = {{Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)}}, title = {{{Multilingual Relation Extraction - A Survey}}}, doi = {{10.1109/access.2025.3604258}}, year = {{2025}}, }