Alterations in B cell subsets correlate with body composition parameters in female adolescents with anorexia nervosa Freff, Jana Schwarte, Kathrin Bröker, Lisa Bühlmeier, Judith Kraft, Isabelle Öztürk, Dana Hinney, Anke Arolt, Volker Dannlowski, Udo Romer, Georg Baune, Bernhard T. Hebebrand, Johannes Föcker, Manuel Alferink, Judith <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a severe eating disorder and often associated with altered humoral immune responses. However, distinct B cell maturation stages in peripheral blood in adolescents with AN have not been characterized. Treatment effects and the relationship between clinical and B cell parameters are also not fully understood. Here we investigated the phenotype of circulating B cell subsets and the relationship with body composition in adolescents with AN before (T0, n = 24) and after 6 weeks (T1, n = 20) of treatment. Using multi-parameter flow cytometry, we found increased percentages of antigen-experienced B cells and plasmablasts in patients with AN compared to healthy controls (n = 20). In contrast, percentages of CD1d<jats:sup>+</jats:sup>CD5<jats:sup>+</jats:sup> B cells and transitional B cells with immunoregulatory roles were reduced at T0 and T1. These B cell frequencies correlated positively with fat mass, fat mass index (FMI), free fat mass index, and body mass index standard deviation score. In addition, scavenger-like receptor CD5 expression levels were downregulated on transitional B cells and correlated with fat mass and FMI in AN. Our findings that regulatory B cell subgroups were reduced in AN and their strong relationship with body composition parameters point toward an impact of immunoregulatory B cells in the pathogenesis of AN.</jats:p> 2021 info:eu-repo/semantics/article doc-type:article text http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 https://ris.uni-paderborn.de/record/26632 Freff J, Schwarte K, Bröker L, et al. Alterations in B cell subsets correlate with body composition parameters in female adolescents with anorexia nervosa. <i>Scientific Reports</i>. Published online 2021. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-80693-4">10.1038/s41598-020-80693-4</a> eng info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1038/s41598-020-80693-4 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/issn/2045-2322 info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess