---
res:
  bibo_abstract:
  - <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Flavonoids are suggested to reduce disease
    risk. Since dietary habits are acquired during early life, describing age and
    time trends of flavonoid intake and major food sources are important for monitoring
    and disease prevention in later life. We aimed to describe total flavonoid intake
    and food sources and to investigate age and time trends of flavonoid intake in
    3–18-year-olds, from the Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally
    Designed study from 1985 to 2016. Intake was assessed annually using 3-d weighed
    food records (WFR). Flavonoid values were assigned using the United States Department
    of Agriculture database. Foods contributing to intake were determined. Age and
    time trends in total flavonoid and isoflavone density were analysed by sex with
    PROC MIXED. In total, 1312 children completed 10 758 WFR. Across all ages, daily
    mean total flavonoid density was lower in boys compared with girls (134 <jats:italic>v</jats:italic>.
    146 mg/4184 kJ) and no difference in median isoflavone density (0·04 mg/4184 kJ
    per d) was found. The top five foods contributing to total flavonoid intake were
    apple with peel (15·0/17·1 %), strawberries (5·9/6·1 %), chocolate spread (3·9/3·5
    %), orange juice (3·5/3·4 %) and pasta (3·5/3·4 %) for boys and girls, respectively.
    Overall, in boys, total flavonoid density decreased over the course of age and
    time. In girls, there was no association with age or time. In both sexes, isoflavone
    density followed a U-shaped age trend with no change over time. From a public
    health perspective, the overall observed downwards trend of flavonoid intake in
    boys deserves attention. Future initiatives should be tailored at maintaining
    a high flavonoid density as children age, specifically among boys.</jats:p>@eng
  bibo_authorlist:
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Johanna
      foaf_name: Rienks, Johanna
      foaf_surname: Rienks
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Katharina J.
      foaf_name: Penczynski, Katharina J.
      foaf_surname: Penczynski
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Sarah
      foaf_name: Schmitting, Sarah
      foaf_surname: Schmitting
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Anette
      foaf_name: Buyken, Anette
      foaf_surname: Buyken
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=65985
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Ute
      foaf_name: Nöthlings, Ute
      foaf_surname: Nöthlings
  bibo_doi: 10.1017/s000711452000183x
  dct_date: 2020^xs_gYear
  dct_isPartOf:
  - http://id.crossref.org/issn/0007-1145
  - http://id.crossref.org/issn/1475-2662
  dct_language: eng
  dct_title: 'Dietary flavonoids among children and adolescents in the Dortmund Nutritional
    and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed (DONALD) study: intake, food sources
    and trends from 1985 until 2016@'
...