{"year":"2022","type":"journal_article","doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2021.105404","_id":"29376","intvolume":"       161","title":"Pyrolysis of sucrose-derived hydrochar","quality_controlled":"1","status":"public","publisher":"Elsevier BV","publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0165-2370"]},"abstract":[{"text":"The electrochemical properties of carbonaceous materials produced by hydrothermal carbonization, referred to as hydrochar, can be substantially improved by post-carbonization via pyrolysis. Although these materials have been widely studied for a variety of applications, the mechanisms underlying the pyrolysis are yet poorly understood. This study provides a comprehensive temperature-resolved characterization of the chemical composition, morphology and crystallinity of sucrose-derived hydrochar during pyrolysis. Thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and elemental analysis have shown that the dry hydrochar loses about 41% of its dry mass due to the exothermic disintegration of oxygen-containing groups until the carbonization is completed at about 850 °C with a total carbon yield of 93%. The carbonization and aromatization of the initially furanic and keto-aliphatic structure were analyzed by 13C solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The transition from an amorphous to a nanocrystalline graphitic structure was analyzed using X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. The pore formation mechanism was examined by helium ion microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and nitrogen adsorption measurements. The results indicate the formation of oxygen-rich nanoclusters up to 700 °C, which decompose up to 750 °C leaving behind equally sized pores, resulting in a surface area of up to 480 m2/g.","lang":"eng"}],"date_updated":"2023-03-08T08:15:24Z","article_number":"105404","user_id":"23547","date_created":"2022-01-18T06:25:06Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"volume":161,"author":[{"full_name":"Wortmann, Martin","last_name":"Wortmann","first_name":"Martin"},{"full_name":"Keil, Waldemar","last_name":"Keil","first_name":"Waldemar"},{"full_name":"Brockhagen, Bennet","last_name":"Brockhagen","first_name":"Bennet"},{"last_name":"Biedinger","full_name":"Biedinger, Jan","first_name":"Jan"},{"full_name":"Westphal, Michael","last_name":"Westphal","first_name":"Michael"},{"first_name":"Christian","full_name":"Weinberger, Christian","id":"11848","last_name":"Weinberger"},{"first_name":"Elise","full_name":"Diestelhorst, Elise","last_name":"Diestelhorst"},{"first_name":"Wiebke","last_name":"Hachmann","full_name":"Hachmann, Wiebke"},{"last_name":"Zhao","full_name":"Zhao, Yanjing","first_name":"Yanjing"},{"first_name":"Michael","id":"23547","orcid":"0000-0003-1711-2722","full_name":"Tiemann, Michael","last_name":"Tiemann"},{"first_name":"Günter","full_name":"Reiss, Günter","last_name":"Reiss"},{"first_name":"Bruno","full_name":"Hüsgen, Bruno","last_name":"Hüsgen"},{"last_name":"Schmidt","id":"466","orcid":"0000-0003-3179-9997","full_name":"Schmidt, Claudia","first_name":"Claudia"},{"first_name":"Klaus","last_name":"Sattler","full_name":"Sattler, Klaus"},{"last_name":"Frese","full_name":"Frese, Natalie","first_name":"Natalie"}],"keyword":["Analytical Chemistry","Fuel Technology"],"citation":{"mla":"Wortmann, Martin, et al. “Pyrolysis of Sucrose-Derived Hydrochar.” <i>Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis</i>, vol. 161, 105404, Elsevier BV, 2022, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2021.105404\">10.1016/j.jaap.2021.105404</a>.","short":"M. Wortmann, W. Keil, B. Brockhagen, J. Biedinger, M. Westphal, C. Weinberger, E. Diestelhorst, W. Hachmann, Y. Zhao, M. Tiemann, G. Reiss, B. Hüsgen, C. Schmidt, K. Sattler, N. Frese, Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 161 (2022).","apa":"Wortmann, M., Keil, W., Brockhagen, B., Biedinger, J., Westphal, M., Weinberger, C., Diestelhorst, E., Hachmann, W., Zhao, Y., Tiemann, M., Reiss, G., Hüsgen, B., Schmidt, C., Sattler, K., &#38; Frese, N. (2022). Pyrolysis of sucrose-derived hydrochar. <i>Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis</i>, <i>161</i>, Article 105404. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2021.105404\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2021.105404</a>","ieee":"M. Wortmann <i>et al.</i>, “Pyrolysis of sucrose-derived hydrochar,” <i>Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis</i>, vol. 161, Art. no. 105404, 2022, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2021.105404\">10.1016/j.jaap.2021.105404</a>.","chicago":"Wortmann, Martin, Waldemar Keil, Bennet Brockhagen, Jan Biedinger, Michael Westphal, Christian Weinberger, Elise Diestelhorst, et al. “Pyrolysis of Sucrose-Derived Hydrochar.” <i>Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis</i> 161 (2022). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2021.105404\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2021.105404</a>.","bibtex":"@article{Wortmann_Keil_Brockhagen_Biedinger_Westphal_Weinberger_Diestelhorst_Hachmann_Zhao_Tiemann_et al._2022, title={Pyrolysis of sucrose-derived hydrochar}, volume={161}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2021.105404\">10.1016/j.jaap.2021.105404</a>}, number={105404}, journal={Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Wortmann, Martin and Keil, Waldemar and Brockhagen, Bennet and Biedinger, Jan and Westphal, Michael and Weinberger, Christian and Diestelhorst, Elise and Hachmann, Wiebke and Zhao, Yanjing and Tiemann, Michael and et al.}, year={2022} }","ama":"Wortmann M, Keil W, Brockhagen B, et al. Pyrolysis of sucrose-derived hydrochar. <i>Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis</i>. 2022;161. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2021.105404\">10.1016/j.jaap.2021.105404</a>"},"article_type":"original","publication":"Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis","department":[{"_id":"35"},{"_id":"2"},{"_id":"307"},{"_id":"315"}]}