---
res:
  bibo_abstract:
  - Clinching is a very cost-efficient method for joining two or more sheets made
    of identical or different materials. However, the current evaluation methods cannot
    confirm the critical geometrical features of joints such as neck thickness, undercut,
    and bottom thickness. Furthermore, the effects caused by joining process such
    as elastic deformation and crack-closure are significant for the joining quality,
    but often earn insufficient attention. Therefore, computed tomography (CT) and
    Transient Dynamic Analysis (TDA) as an ultrasonic testing and evaluation procedure
    are combined to overcome the obstacles mentioned above. In order to have a well-defined
    and reproducible typical geometrical error in clinching, specimens with a pre-specified
    lateral offset of the punch with 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm are as well as with no lateral
    offset are investigated using CT. The specimens are treated with conductive copper
    varnish in varying intensities to support the two sheets' distinguishability in
    the CT measurement. The subsequently extracted surfaces from CT-scan data are
    used to create three-dimensional models for a numerical Transient Dynamic Analysis.
    Hereby, a harmonic force is applied to one sheet and the transferred energy is
    determined at the opposite side of the clinch point on the other sheet. The transmitted
    energy can be used as a quantitative measure for the joining quality. This setup
    is simulated by means of Finite-Element-Method and the specimens are investigated
    experimentally using a piezo actuator and a piezo sensor. The novelty of the results
    presented here is the completely non-destructive investigation of joint specimen
    by CT of similar materials with a contrast given foil in between the sheets and
    the subsequent TDA, which can easily detect difference between the specimens by
    evaluation of the energy dissipation of the joints.@eng
  bibo_authorlist:
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: D.
      foaf_name: Köhler, D.
      foaf_surname: Köhler
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: B.
      foaf_name: Sadeghian, B.
      foaf_surname: Sadeghian
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: J.
      foaf_name: Troschitz, J.
      foaf_surname: Troschitz
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: R.
      foaf_name: Kupfer, R.
      foaf_surname: Kupfer
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: M.
      foaf_name: Gude, M.
      foaf_surname: Gude
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: A.
      foaf_name: Brosius, A.
      foaf_surname: Brosius
  bibo_doi: 10.1016/j.jajp.2021.100089
  bibo_volume: 5
  dct_date: 2022^xs_gYear
  dct_language: eng
  dct_title: Characterisation of lateral offsets in clinch points with computed tomography
    and transient dynamic analysis@
...