---
_id: '3997'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "Switchable two dimensional liquid crystal diffraction gratings are promising
    can-\r\ndidates in beam steering devices, multiplexers and holographic displays.
    For these areas of applications a high degree of integration in optical systems
    is much sought-after. In the context of diffraction gratings this means that the
    angle of diffraction should be rather high, which typically poses a problem as
    the fabrication of small grating periods is challenging. In this paper, we propose
    the use of nanosphere lithography (NSL) for the fabrication of two-dimensionally\r\nstructured
    electrodes with a periodicity of a few micrometers. NSL is based on the self-assembly
    of micro- or nanometer sized spheres into monolayers. It allows for easy substrate
    structuring on wafer scale. The manufactured electrode is combined with a liquid
    crystalline polymer-stabilized blue phase, which facilitates sub-millisecond electrical
    switching of the diffraction efficiency at adiffractionangle of 21.4°."
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: M.
  full_name: Wahle, M.
  last_name: Wahle
- first_name: Katharina
  full_name: Brassat, Katharina
  id: '11305'
  last_name: Brassat
- first_name: J.
  full_name: Ebel, J.
  last_name: Ebel
- first_name: Julius
  full_name: Bürger, Julius
  id: '46952'
  last_name: Bürger
- first_name: Jörg
  full_name: Lindner, Jörg
  id: '20797'
  last_name: Lindner
- first_name: Heinz-Siegfried
  full_name: Kitzerow, Heinz-Siegfried
  id: '254'
  last_name: Kitzerow
citation:
  ama: Wahle M, Brassat K, Ebel J, Bürger J, Lindner J, Kitzerow H-S. Two-dimensional
    switchable blue phase gratings manufactured by nanosphere lithography. <i>Optics
    Express 25</i>. 2017;25(19):22608-22619. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.25.022607">10.1364/OE.25.022607</a>
  apa: Wahle, M., Brassat, K., Ebel, J., Bürger, J., Lindner, J., &#38; Kitzerow,
    H.-S. (2017). Two-dimensional switchable blue phase gratings manufactured by nanosphere
    lithography. <i>Optics Express 25</i>, <i>25</i>(19), 22608–22619. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.25.022607">https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.25.022607</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Wahle_Brassat_Ebel_Bürger_Lindner_Kitzerow_2017, title={Two-dimensional
    switchable blue phase gratings manufactured by nanosphere lithography}, volume={25},
    DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.25.022607">10.1364/OE.25.022607</a>},
    number={19}, journal={Optics Express 25}, author={Wahle, M. and Brassat, Katharina
    and Ebel, J. and Bürger, Julius and Lindner, Jörg and Kitzerow, Heinz-Siegfried},
    year={2017}, pages={22608–22619} }'
  chicago: 'Wahle, M., Katharina Brassat, J. Ebel, Julius Bürger, Jörg Lindner, and
    Heinz-Siegfried Kitzerow. “Two-Dimensional Switchable Blue Phase Gratings Manufactured
    by Nanosphere Lithography.” <i>Optics Express 25</i> 25, no. 19 (2017): 22608–19.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.25.022607">https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.25.022607</a>.'
  ieee: 'M. Wahle, K. Brassat, J. Ebel, J. Bürger, J. Lindner, and H.-S. Kitzerow,
    “Two-dimensional switchable blue phase gratings manufactured by nanosphere lithography,”
    <i>Optics Express 25</i>, vol. 25, no. 19, pp. 22608–22619, 2017, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.25.022607">10.1364/OE.25.022607</a>.'
  mla: Wahle, M., et al. “Two-Dimensional Switchable Blue Phase Gratings Manufactured
    by Nanosphere Lithography.” <i>Optics Express 25</i>, vol. 25, no. 19, 2017, pp.
    22608–19, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.25.022607">10.1364/OE.25.022607</a>.
  short: M. Wahle, K. Brassat, J. Ebel, J. Bürger, J. Lindner, H.-S. Kitzerow, Optics
    Express 25 25 (2017) 22608–22619.
date_created: 2018-08-21T12:04:28Z
date_updated: 2023-01-10T13:16:11Z
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: '2'
- _id: '286'
- _id: '230'
- _id: '15'
- _id: '313'
doi: 10.1364/OE.25.022607
file:
- access_level: closed
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: hclaudia
  date_created: 2018-08-21T12:02:06Z
  date_updated: 2018-08-21T12:02:06Z
  file_id: '3998'
  file_name: Two-dimensional switchable blue phase gratings manufactured by nanosphere
    lithography.pdf
  file_size: 4327427
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2018-08-21T12:02:06Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        25'
issue: '19'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 22608-22619
publication: Optics Express 25
publication_status: published
status: public
title: Two-dimensional switchable blue phase gratings manufactured by nanosphere lithography
type: journal_article
user_id: '14931'
volume: 25
year: '2017'
...