---
_id: '45868'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Perfect vector vortex beams (PVVBs) have attracted considerable interest due
    to their peculiar optical features. PVVBs are typically generated through the
    superposition of perfect vortex beams, which suffer from the limited number of
    topological charges (TCs). Furthermore, dynamic control of PVVBs is desirable
    and has not been reported. We propose and experimentally demonstrate hybrid grafted
    perfect vector vortex beams (GPVVBs) and their dynamic control. Hybrid GPVVBs
    are generated through the superposition of grafted perfect vortex beams with a
    multifunctional metasurface. The generated hybrid GPVVBs possess spatially variant
    rates of polarization change due to the involvement of more TCs. Each hybrid GPVVB
    includes different GPVVBs in the same beam, adding more design flexibility. Moreover,
    these beams are dynamically controlled with a rotating half waveplate. The generated
    dynamic GPVVBs may find applications in the fields where dynamic control is in
    high demand, including optical encryption, dense data communication, and multiple
    particle manipulation.
article_number: '3915'
author:
- first_name: Hammad
  full_name: Ahmed, Hammad
  last_name: Ahmed
- first_name: Muhammad Afnan
  full_name: Ansari, Muhammad Afnan
  last_name: Ansari
- first_name: Yan
  full_name: Li, Yan
  last_name: Li
- first_name: Thomas
  full_name: Zentgraf, Thomas
  id: '30525'
  last_name: Zentgraf
  orcid: 0000-0002-8662-1101
- first_name: Muhammad Qasim
  full_name: Mehmood, Muhammad Qasim
  last_name: Mehmood
- first_name: Xianzhong
  full_name: Chen, Xianzhong
  last_name: Chen
citation:
  ama: Ahmed H, Ansari MA, Li Y, Zentgraf T, Mehmood MQ, Chen X. Dynamic control of
    hybrid grafted perfect vector vortex beams. <i>Nature Communications</i>. 2023;14(1).
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-39599-8">10.1038/s41467-023-39599-8</a>
  apa: Ahmed, H., Ansari, M. A., Li, Y., Zentgraf, T., Mehmood, M. Q., &#38; Chen,
    X. (2023). Dynamic control of hybrid grafted perfect vector vortex beams. <i>Nature
    Communications</i>, <i>14</i>(1), Article 3915. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-39599-8">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-39599-8</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Ahmed_Ansari_Li_Zentgraf_Mehmood_Chen_2023, title={Dynamic control
    of hybrid grafted perfect vector vortex beams}, volume={14}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-39599-8">10.1038/s41467-023-39599-8</a>},
    number={13915}, journal={Nature Communications}, publisher={Springer Science and
    Business Media LLC}, author={Ahmed, Hammad and Ansari, Muhammad Afnan and Li,
    Yan and Zentgraf, Thomas and Mehmood, Muhammad Qasim and Chen, Xianzhong}, year={2023}
    }'
  chicago: Ahmed, Hammad, Muhammad Afnan Ansari, Yan Li, Thomas Zentgraf, Muhammad
    Qasim Mehmood, and Xianzhong Chen. “Dynamic Control of Hybrid Grafted Perfect
    Vector Vortex Beams.” <i>Nature Communications</i> 14, no. 1 (2023). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-39599-8">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-39599-8</a>.
  ieee: 'H. Ahmed, M. A. Ansari, Y. Li, T. Zentgraf, M. Q. Mehmood, and X. Chen, “Dynamic
    control of hybrid grafted perfect vector vortex beams,” <i>Nature Communications</i>,
    vol. 14, no. 1, Art. no. 3915, 2023, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-39599-8">10.1038/s41467-023-39599-8</a>.'
  mla: Ahmed, Hammad, et al. “Dynamic Control of Hybrid Grafted Perfect Vector Vortex
    Beams.” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 14, no. 1, 3915, Springer Science and
    Business Media LLC, 2023, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-39599-8">10.1038/s41467-023-39599-8</a>.
  short: H. Ahmed, M.A. Ansari, Y. Li, T. Zentgraf, M.Q. Mehmood, X. Chen, Nature
    Communications 14 (2023).
date_created: 2023-07-06T06:34:37Z
date_updated: 2023-07-06T06:42:10Z
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: '15'
- _id: '230'
- _id: '289'
- _id: '623'
doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-39599-8
file:
- access_level: closed
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: zentgraf
  date_created: 2023-07-06T06:40:28Z
  date_updated: 2023-07-06T06:40:28Z
  file_id: '45869'
  file_name: NatureCommun_Ahmed_2023.pdf
  file_size: 4341041
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2023-07-06T06:40:28Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        14'
issue: '1'
keyword:
- General Physics and Astronomy
- General Biochemistry
- Genetics and Molecular Biology
- General Chemistry
- Multidisciplinary
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
oa: '1'
publication: Nature Communications
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2041-1723
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Dynamic control of hybrid grafted perfect vector vortex beams
type: journal_article
user_id: '30525'
volume: 14
year: '2023'
...