---
res:
  bibo_abstract:
  - Choosing the best-performing optimizer(s) out of a portfolio of optimization algorithms
    is usually a difficult and complex task. It gets even worse, if the underlying
    functions are unknown, i.e., so-called black-box problems, and function evaluations
    are considered to be expensive. In case of continuous single-objective optimization
    problems, exploratory landscape analysis (ELA), a sophisticated and effective
    approach for characterizing the landscapes of such problems by means of numerical
    values before actually performing the optimization task itself, is advantageous.
    Unfortunately, until now it has been quite complicated to compute multiple ELA
    features simultaneously, as the corresponding code has been—if at all—spread across
    multiple platforms or at least across several packages within these platforms.
    This article presents a broad summary of existing ELA approaches and introduces
    flacco, an R-package for feature-based landscape analysis of continuous and constrained
    optimization problems. Although its functions neither solve the optimization problem
    itself nor the related algorithm selection problem (ASP), it offers easy access
    to an essential ingredient of the ASP by providing a wide collection of ELA features
    on a single platform—even within a single package. In addition, flacco provides
    multiple visualization techniques, which enhance the understanding of some of
    these numerical features, and thereby make certain landscape properties more comprehensible.
    On top of that, we will introduce the package’s built-in, as well as web-hosted
    and hence platform-independent, graphical user interface (GUI). It facilitates
    the usage of the package—especially for people who are not familiar with R—and
    thus makes flacco a very convenient toolbox when working towards algorithm selection
    of continuous single-objective optimization problems.@eng
  bibo_authorlist:
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Pascal
      foaf_name: Kerschke, Pascal
      foaf_surname: Kerschke
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Heike
      foaf_name: Trautmann, Heike
      foaf_surname: Trautmann
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=100740
    orcid: 0000-0002-9788-8282
  bibo_doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-25147-5_7
  dct_date: 2019^xs_gYear
  dct_language: eng
  dct_publisher: Springer@
  dct_title: Comprehensive Feature-Based Landscape Analysis of Continuous and Constrained
    Optimization Problems Using the R-package flacco@
...