--- _id: '4703' abstract: - lang: eng text: Investments with exit flexibility require decisions regarding both the investment and holding period. Because selling an investment often leads to taxable capital gains, which crucially depend on the duration of an investment, we investigate the impact of capital gains taxation on exit timing under different tax systems. We observed that capital gains taxation delays exit decisions but loses its decision relevance for very long holdings. Often the optimal exit time, which indicates the maximal present value of future cashflows, cannot be determined analytically. However, we identify the breakeven exit time that guarantees present values exceeding those of an immediate sale. While, after-taxes, an immediate sale is often optimal, long holding periods might also be attractive for investors depending on the degree of income and corporate tax integration. A classic corporate tax system often indicates holdings over more than 100 periods. By contrast, a shareholder relief system indicates the earliest breakeven exit time and thus the highest level of exit timing flexibility. Surprisingly, high retention rates are likely to accelerate sales under a classic corporate system. Additionally, the worst exit time, which should be avoided by investors, differs tremendously across tax systems. For an integrated tax system with full imputation, the worst time is reached earlier than under partial or non-integrated systems. These results could help to predict investors’ behavior regarding changes in capital gains taxation and thus are of interest for both investors and tax policymakers. Furthermore, the results emphasize the need to control for the underlying tax system in cross-country empirical studies. author: - first_name: Annika full_name: Hegemann, Annika last_name: Hegemann - first_name: Angela full_name: Kunoth, Angela last_name: Kunoth - first_name: Kristina full_name: Rupp, Kristina last_name: Rupp - first_name: Caren full_name: Sureth-Sloane, Caren id: '530' last_name: Sureth-Sloane orcid: ' 0000-0002-8183-5901' citation: ama: Hegemann A, Kunoth A, Rupp K, Sureth-Sloane C. Hold or Sell? How Capital Gains Taxation Affects Holding Decisions. Review of Managerial Science. 2017;11(3):571-603. doi:10.1007/s11846-016-0197-9 apa: Hegemann, A., Kunoth, A., Rupp, K., & Sureth-Sloane, C. (2017). Hold or Sell? How Capital Gains Taxation Affects Holding Decisions. Review of Managerial Science, 11(3), 571–603. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11846-016-0197-9 bibtex: '@article{Hegemann_Kunoth_Rupp_Sureth-Sloane_2017, title={Hold or Sell? How Capital Gains Taxation Affects Holding Decisions}, volume={11}, DOI={10.1007/s11846-016-0197-9 }, number={3}, journal={Review of Managerial Science}, author={Hegemann, Annika and Kunoth, Angela and Rupp, Kristina and Sureth-Sloane, Caren}, year={2017}, pages={571–603} }' chicago: 'Hegemann, Annika, Angela Kunoth, Kristina Rupp, and Caren Sureth-Sloane. “Hold or Sell? How Capital Gains Taxation Affects Holding Decisions.” Review of Managerial Science 11, no. 3 (2017): 571–603. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11846-016-0197-9 .' ieee: 'A. Hegemann, A. Kunoth, K. Rupp, and C. Sureth-Sloane, “Hold or Sell? How Capital Gains Taxation Affects Holding Decisions,” Review of Managerial Science, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 571–603, 2017, doi: 10.1007/s11846-016-0197-9 .' mla: Hegemann, Annika, et al. “Hold or Sell? How Capital Gains Taxation Affects Holding Decisions.” Review of Managerial Science, vol. 11, no. 3, 2017, pp. 571–603, doi:10.1007/s11846-016-0197-9 . short: A. Hegemann, A. Kunoth, K. Rupp, C. Sureth-Sloane, Review of Managerial Science 11 (2017) 571–603. date_created: 2018-10-12T08:38:21Z date_updated: 2024-01-30T12:43:17Z department: - _id: '187' - _id: '635' doi: '10.1007/s11846-016-0197-9 ' intvolume: ' 11' issue: '3' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' oa: '1' page: 571-603 publication: Review of Managerial Science quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: Hold or Sell? How Capital Gains Taxation Affects Holding Decisions type: journal_article user_id: '74000' volume: 11 year: '2017' ...