---
_id: '51371'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: <jats:p>In this paper, we investigate the effect of distractions and hesitations
    as a scaffolding strategy. Recent research points to the potential beneficial
    effects of a speaker’s hesitations on the listeners’ comprehension of utterances,
    although results from studies on this issue indicate that humans do not make strategic
    use of them. The role of hesitations and their communicative function in human-human
    interaction is a much-discussed topic in current research. To better understand
    the underlying cognitive processes, we developed a human–robot interaction (HRI)
    setup that allows the measurement of the electroencephalogram (EEG) signals of
    a human participant while interacting with a robot. We thereby address the research
    question of whether we find effects on single-trial EEG based on the distraction
    and the corresponding robot’s hesitation scaffolding strategy. To carry out the
    experiments, we leverage our LabLinking method, which enables interdisciplinary
    joint research between remote labs. This study could not have been conducted without
    LabLinking, as the two involved labs needed to combine their individual expertise
    and equipment to achieve the goal together. The results of our study indicate
    that the EEG correlates in the distracted condition are different from the baseline
    condition without distractions. Furthermore, we could differentiate the EEG correlates
    of distraction with and without a hesitation scaffolding strategy. This proof-of-concept
    study shows that LabLinking makes it possible to conduct collaborative HRI studies
    in remote laboratories and lays the first foundation for more in-depth research
    into robotic scaffolding strategies.</jats:p>
article_number: '37'
author:
- first_name: Birte
  full_name: Richter, Birte
  last_name: Richter
- first_name: Felix
  full_name: Putze, Felix
  last_name: Putze
- first_name: Gabriel
  full_name: Ivucic, Gabriel
  last_name: Ivucic
- first_name: Mara
  full_name: Brandt, Mara
  last_name: Brandt
- first_name: Christian
  full_name: Schütze, Christian
  last_name: Schütze
- first_name: Rafael
  full_name: Reisenhofer, Rafael
  last_name: Reisenhofer
- first_name: Britta
  full_name: Wrede, Britta
  last_name: Wrede
- first_name: Tanja
  full_name: Schultz, Tanja
  last_name: Schultz
citation:
  ama: 'Richter B, Putze F, Ivucic G, et al. EEG Correlates of Distractions and Hesitations
    in Human–Robot Interaction: A LabLinking Pilot Study. <i>Multimodal Technologies
    and Interaction</i>. 2023;7(4). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/mti7040037">10.3390/mti7040037</a>'
  apa: 'Richter, B., Putze, F., Ivucic, G., Brandt, M., Schütze, C., Reisenhofer,
    R., Wrede, B., &#38; Schultz, T. (2023). EEG Correlates of Distractions and Hesitations
    in Human–Robot Interaction: A LabLinking Pilot Study. <i>Multimodal Technologies
    and Interaction</i>, <i>7</i>(4), Article 37. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/mti7040037">https://doi.org/10.3390/mti7040037</a>'
  bibtex: '@article{Richter_Putze_Ivucic_Brandt_Schütze_Reisenhofer_Wrede_Schultz_2023,
    title={EEG Correlates of Distractions and Hesitations in Human–Robot Interaction:
    A LabLinking Pilot Study}, volume={7}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/mti7040037">10.3390/mti7040037</a>},
    number={437}, journal={Multimodal Technologies and Interaction}, publisher={MDPI
    AG}, author={Richter, Birte and Putze, Felix and Ivucic, Gabriel and Brandt, Mara
    and Schütze, Christian and Reisenhofer, Rafael and Wrede, Britta and Schultz,
    Tanja}, year={2023} }'
  chicago: 'Richter, Birte, Felix Putze, Gabriel Ivucic, Mara Brandt, Christian Schütze,
    Rafael Reisenhofer, Britta Wrede, and Tanja Schultz. “EEG Correlates of Distractions
    and Hesitations in Human–Robot Interaction: A LabLinking Pilot Study.” <i>Multimodal
    Technologies and Interaction</i> 7, no. 4 (2023). <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/mti7040037">https://doi.org/10.3390/mti7040037</a>.'
  ieee: 'B. Richter <i>et al.</i>, “EEG Correlates of Distractions and Hesitations
    in Human–Robot Interaction: A LabLinking Pilot Study,” <i>Multimodal Technologies
    and Interaction</i>, vol. 7, no. 4, Art. no. 37, 2023, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/mti7040037">10.3390/mti7040037</a>.'
  mla: 'Richter, Birte, et al. “EEG Correlates of Distractions and Hesitations in
    Human–Robot Interaction: A LabLinking Pilot Study.” <i>Multimodal Technologies
    and Interaction</i>, vol. 7, no. 4, 37, MDPI AG, 2023, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/mti7040037">10.3390/mti7040037</a>.'
  short: B. Richter, F. Putze, G. Ivucic, M. Brandt, C. Schütze, R. Reisenhofer, B.
    Wrede, T. Schultz, Multimodal Technologies and Interaction 7 (2023).
date_created: 2024-02-18T10:45:53Z
date_updated: 2024-02-26T08:44:32Z
department:
- _id: '660'
doi: 10.3390/mti7040037
intvolume: '         7'
issue: '4'
keyword:
- Computer Networks and Communications
- Computer Science Applications
- Human-Computer Interaction
- Neuroscience (miscellaneous)
language:
- iso: eng
project:
- _id: '113'
  name: 'TRR 318 - A3: TRR 318 - Subproject A3'
- _id: '115'
  grant_number: '438445824'
  name: 'TRR 318 - A05: TRR 318 - Echtzeitmessung der Aufmerksamkeit im Mensch-Roboter-Erklärdialog
    (Teilprojekt A05)'
publication: Multimodal Technologies and Interaction
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2414-4088
publication_status: published
publisher: MDPI AG
status: public
title: 'EEG Correlates of Distractions and Hesitations in Human–Robot Interaction:
  A LabLinking Pilot Study'
type: journal_article
user_id: '54779'
volume: 7
year: '2023'
...