---
res:
  bibo_abstract:
  - "<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\r\n          <jats:p>It has become a new global
    trend that governments are partially automating decision-making processes by public
    agencies. This, however, has led to some scandals revealing grave injustices,
    including the Robodebt scandal in Australia and the childcare benefit scandal
    in the Netherlands. This chapter argues that the normative impacts of the move
    towards automated decision-making can be fruitfully understood and addressed through
    the lens of civic virtue. It starts by outlining the Dutch childcare benefit scandal,
    showing that what happened cannot be reduced solely to human intent or structural
    factors, but needs to address the in-between term of human moral dispositions.
    Following this insight, the chapter outlines a framework of civic virtue, which
    outlines ideal states (civic virtue) and their deviations (civic vice) for different
    temporal configurations (past-, present-, and future-oriented civic virtue). Finally,
    the chapter uses this framework to reflect on the much-touted principle of ‘explainability’
    in addressing harms like the ones done to citizens in the childcare benefit scandal.
    Three impacts are laid bare through the lens of civic virtue, of servility, presumptuousness,
    and political recalcitrance. Explainability, the chapter argues, may successfully
    address these impacts, but only if it ceases to focus solely on narrow black box
    problems in AI and address public governance more holistically.</jats:p>@eng"
  bibo_authorlist:
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Wessel
      foaf_name: Reijers, Wessel
      foaf_surname: Reijers
  bibo_doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-84748-6_14
  dct_date: 2025^xs_gYear
  dct_isPartOf:
  - http://id.crossref.org/issn/9783031847479
  - http://id.crossref.org/issn/9783031847486
  dct_language: eng
  dct_publisher: Springer Nature Switzerland@
  dct_title: Civic Vice in Digital Governance@
...