---
_id: '60891'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Straight dielectric waveguide channels made from slabs of thin-film lithium
    niobate (TFLN), or lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI), are investigated in the
    linear regime, for channels of rib and strip type with common trapezoidal cross
    sections, in Z-cut and X-cut samples at varying on-chip orientation. We clarify
    the theoretical basis for the waveguides with potentially non-diagonal core permittivity.
    Symmetry classes can be distinguished that differ in their consequences for potential
    modal degeneracy and polarization conversion. Our rigorous numerical analysis
    by means of a finite-element solver takes the anisotropy of the lithium niobate
    cores rigorously into account. We discuss extensive data for effective indices,
    polarization properties, and hybridization of guided modes, in single- and multimode
    channels. Scans over the waveguide width and orientation as primary parameters
    are complemented by a series of illustrations of vectorial mode profiles. These
    turn out to be essentially complex in cases of X-cut channels at non-crystal-axis-aligned
    orientations.
author:
- first_name: Manfred
  full_name: Hammer, Manfred
  id: '48077'
  last_name: Hammer
  orcid: 0000-0002-6331-9348
- first_name: Shahriar
  full_name: Khan, Shahriar
  last_name: Khan
- first_name: Behnood
  full_name: Taheri, Behnood
  last_name: Taheri
- first_name: Henna
  full_name: Farheen, Henna
  id: '53444'
  last_name: Farheen
  orcid: 0000-0001-7730-3489
- first_name: Jens
  full_name: Förstner, Jens
  id: '158'
  last_name: Förstner
  orcid: 0000-0001-7059-9862
citation:
  ama: 'Hammer M, Khan S, Taheri B, Farheen H, Förstner J. TFLN channel waveguides
    of rib and strip type: Properties of guided modes. <i>Optics Continuum</i>. 2025;4(10):2356.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1364/optcon.569959">10.1364/optcon.569959</a>'
  apa: 'Hammer, M., Khan, S., Taheri, B., Farheen, H., &#38; Förstner, J. (2025).
    TFLN channel waveguides of rib and strip type: Properties of guided modes. <i>Optics
    Continuum</i>, <i>4</i>(10), 2356. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1364/optcon.569959">https://doi.org/10.1364/optcon.569959</a>'
  bibtex: '@article{Hammer_Khan_Taheri_Farheen_Förstner_2025, title={TFLN channel
    waveguides of rib and strip type: Properties of guided modes}, volume={4}, DOI={<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1364/optcon.569959">10.1364/optcon.569959</a>}, number={10},
    journal={Optics Continuum}, publisher={Optica Publishing Group}, author={Hammer,
    Manfred and Khan, Shahriar and Taheri, Behnood and Farheen, Henna and Förstner,
    Jens}, year={2025}, pages={2356} }'
  chicago: 'Hammer, Manfred, Shahriar Khan, Behnood Taheri, Henna Farheen, and Jens
    Förstner. “TFLN Channel Waveguides of Rib and Strip Type: Properties of Guided
    Modes.” <i>Optics Continuum</i> 4, no. 10 (2025): 2356. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1364/optcon.569959">https://doi.org/10.1364/optcon.569959</a>.'
  ieee: 'M. Hammer, S. Khan, B. Taheri, H. Farheen, and J. Förstner, “TFLN channel
    waveguides of rib and strip type: Properties of guided modes,” <i>Optics Continuum</i>,
    vol. 4, no. 10, p. 2356, 2025, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1364/optcon.569959">10.1364/optcon.569959</a>.'
  mla: 'Hammer, Manfred, et al. “TFLN Channel Waveguides of Rib and Strip Type: Properties
    of Guided Modes.” <i>Optics Continuum</i>, vol. 4, no. 10, Optica Publishing Group,
    2025, p. 2356, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1364/optcon.569959">10.1364/optcon.569959</a>.'
  short: M. Hammer, S. Khan, B. Taheri, H. Farheen, J. Förstner, Optics Continuum
    4 (2025) 2356.
date_created: 2025-08-06T09:36:30Z
date_updated: 2025-10-05T11:52:55Z
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: '61'
- _id: '230'
- _id: '429'
- _id: '623'
doi: 10.1364/optcon.569959
file:
- access_level: closed
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: fossie
  date_created: 2025-10-05T11:48:25Z
  date_updated: 2025-10-05T11:48:25Z
  file_id: '61516'
  file_name: 2025-08 Hammer - Optics Continuum - TFLN channel waveguides of rib and
    strip type. Properties of guided modes (official version).pdf
  file_size: 5417636
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2025-10-05T11:48:25Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '         4'
issue: '10'
keyword:
- tet_topic_waveguide
language:
- iso: eng
page: '2356'
publication: Optics Continuum
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2770-0208
publication_status: published
publisher: Optica Publishing Group
status: public
title: 'TFLN channel waveguides of rib and strip type: Properties of guided modes'
type: journal_article
user_id: '158'
volume: 4
year: '2025'
...