article published Jonathan Diederich author Agnieszka Paszuk author Isaac Azahel Ruiz Alvarado author 794620000-0002-4710-1170 Marvin Krenz author Mohammad Amin Zare Pour author Diwakar Suresh Babu author Jennifer Velazquez Rojas author Christian Höhn author Yuying Gao author Klaus Schwarzburg author David Ostheimer author Rainer Eichberger author Wolf Gero Schmidt author 4680000-0002-2717-5076 Thomas Hannappel author Roel van de Krol author Dennis Friedrich author 15 department 170 department 295 department 35 department 230 department 27 department 429 department TRR 142: Maßgeschneiderte nichtlineare Photonik: Von grundlegenden Konzepten zu funktionellen Strukturen project TRR 142 - Project Area B project TRR 142 - Polaronen-Einfluss auf die optischen Eigenschaften von Lithiumniobat (B07*) project Computing Resources Provided by the Paderborn Center for Parallel Computing project <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>The interaction of water molecules with semiconductor surfaces is relevant to various optoelectronic phenomena and physicochemical processes. Despite advances in fundamental understanding of water‐exposed surfaces, the detailed time‐ and energy‐resolved behavior of excited electrons remains largely unexplored. Here, the effects of water exposure on the near‐surface electron dynamics of phosphorus‐terminated p(2×2)/c(4×2)‐reconstructed indium phosphide (100) (P‐rich InP) are studied experimentally and matched to theoretical calculations. The P‐rich InP surface, consisting of H‐passivated P‐dimers, serves as a model for other P‐containing III‐V semiconductors such as gallium phosphide (GaP) or aluminum indium phosphide (AlInP). Electron dynamics near the surface are probed with femtosecond resolution using time‐resolved two‐photon photoemission (tr‐2PPE), a pump‐probe spectroscopic technique. Pulsed water exposure preserves electronic states and significantly increases lifetimes at the conduction band minimum (CBM). Density‐functional theory (DFT) calculations attribute these findings to suppression of surface vibrational modes in the top P‐layer by water exposure, reducing electronic transition probabilities of near‐band‐gap surface states. The results suggest that many near‐surface state lifetimes reported in ultra‐high vacuum may change significantly upon electrolyte exposure. These states may thus contribute more strongly to surface reactions than traditionally assumed. Demonstrating this effect for the technologically relevant P‐rich InP surface opens new opportunities in this underexplored area of surface electrochemistry.</jats:p> Wiley2025 eng 2196-7350 2196-735010.1002/admi.202500463 1216 Diederich, Jonathan, et al. “Ultrafast Electron Dynamics at the Water‐Modified InP(100) Surface.” <i>Advanced Materials Interfaces</i>, vol. 12, no. 16, e00463, Wiley, 2025, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202500463">10.1002/admi.202500463</a>. @article{Diederich_Paszuk_Ruiz Alvarado_Krenz_Zare Pour_Babu_Velazquez Rojas_Höhn_Gao_Schwarzburg_et al._2025, title={Ultrafast Electron Dynamics at the Water‐Modified InP(100) Surface}, volume={12}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202500463">10.1002/admi.202500463</a>}, number={16e00463}, journal={Advanced Materials Interfaces}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Diederich, Jonathan and Paszuk, Agnieszka and Ruiz Alvarado, Isaac Azahel and Krenz, Marvin and Zare Pour, Mohammad Amin and Babu, Diwakar Suresh and Velazquez Rojas, Jennifer and Höhn, Christian and Gao, Yuying and Schwarzburg, Klaus and et al.}, year={2025} } Diederich J, Paszuk A, Ruiz Alvarado IA, et al. Ultrafast Electron Dynamics at the Water‐Modified InP(100) Surface. <i>Advanced Materials Interfaces</i>. 2025;12(16). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202500463">10.1002/admi.202500463</a> J. Diederich <i>et al.</i>, “Ultrafast Electron Dynamics at the Water‐Modified InP(100) Surface,” <i>Advanced Materials Interfaces</i>, vol. 12, no. 16, Art. no. e00463, 2025, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202500463">10.1002/admi.202500463</a>. Diederich, J., Paszuk, A., Ruiz Alvarado, I. A., Krenz, M., Zare Pour, M. A., Babu, D. S., Velazquez Rojas, J., Höhn, C., Gao, Y., Schwarzburg, K., Ostheimer, D., Eichberger, R., Schmidt, W. G., Hannappel, T., de Krol, R. van, &#38; Friedrich, D. (2025). Ultrafast Electron Dynamics at the Water‐Modified InP(100) Surface. <i>Advanced Materials Interfaces</i>, <i>12</i>(16), Article e00463. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202500463">https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202500463</a> J. Diederich, A. Paszuk, I.A. Ruiz Alvarado, M. Krenz, M.A. Zare Pour, D.S. Babu, J. Velazquez Rojas, C. Höhn, Y. Gao, K. Schwarzburg, D. Ostheimer, R. Eichberger, W.G. Schmidt, T. Hannappel, R. van de Krol, D. Friedrich, Advanced Materials Interfaces 12 (2025). Diederich, Jonathan, Agnieszka Paszuk, Isaac Azahel Ruiz Alvarado, Marvin Krenz, Mohammad Amin Zare Pour, Diwakar Suresh Babu, Jennifer Velazquez Rojas, et al. “Ultrafast Electron Dynamics at the Water‐Modified InP(100) Surface.” <i>Advanced Materials Interfaces</i> 12, no. 16 (2025). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202500463">https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202500463</a>. 613512025-09-18T11:03:16Z2025-09-18T11:06:59Z