---
_id: '62898'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Abstract\r\n \r\n Purpose\r\n
\ This umbrella review aimed to investigate the evidence for
an association of dietary intake of total protein as well as animal and plant
protein with the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke and total cardiovascular
diseases (CVD).\r\n \r\n \r\n
\ Methods\r\n PubMed, Embase
and Cochrane Database were systematically searched for systematic reviews (SRs)
of prospective studies with or without meta-analysis (MA) published between January
2012 and April 2024. Methodological quality, outcome-specific certainty of evidence,
and overall certainty of evidence were assessed using established tools and predefined
criteria.\r\n \r\n \r\n Results\r\n
\ Ten SRs were considered eligible for the umbrella review;
all were based on prospective cohort studies, and six conducted a MA. Dietary
intakes of total, animal and plant protein were not associated with the risk of
CHD or stroke. For CHD, the overall certainty of evidence for the absence of an
association was “probable” for total, animal and plant protein. For stroke and
total CVD, the overall certainty of evidence was rated as “possible” for the absence
of an association with the intake of total protein and plant protein and insufficient
for animal protein intake.\r\n \r\n \r\n
\ Conclusion\r\n Given that
most SRs on dietary protein intake did not indicate an association, it seems that
protein intake plays no major role in the development of CVD. This investigation
was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42018082395.\r\n "
article_number: '254'
author:
- first_name: Sarah
full_name: Egert, Sarah
last_name: Egert
- first_name: Anna M.
full_name: Amini, Anna M.
last_name: Amini
- first_name: Lea
full_name: Klug, Lea
last_name: Klug
- first_name: Nicole
full_name: Kalotai, Nicole
last_name: Kalotai
- first_name: Julia
full_name: Haardt, Julia
last_name: Haardt
- first_name: Heiner
full_name: Boeing, Heiner
last_name: Boeing
- first_name: Anette
full_name: Buyken, Anette
id: '65985'
last_name: Buyken
- first_name: Anja
full_name: Kroke, Anja
last_name: Kroke
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Lorkowski, Stefan
last_name: Lorkowski
- first_name: Sandrine
full_name: Louis, Sandrine
last_name: Louis
- first_name: Katharina
full_name: Nimptsch, Katharina
last_name: Nimptsch
- first_name: Matthias B.
full_name: Schulze, Matthias B.
last_name: Schulze
- first_name: Lukas
full_name: Schwingshackl, Lukas
last_name: Schwingshackl
- first_name: Roswitha
full_name: Siener, Roswitha
last_name: Siener
- first_name: Gabriele I.
full_name: Stangl, Gabriele I.
last_name: Stangl
- first_name: Armin
full_name: Zittermann, Armin
last_name: Zittermann
- first_name: Bernhard
full_name: Watzl, Bernhard
last_name: Watzl
- first_name: Sabine
full_name: Ellinger, Sabine
last_name: Ellinger
citation:
ama: 'Egert S, Amini AM, Klug L, et al. Protein intake and cardiovascular diseases:
an umbrella review of systematic reviews for the evidence-based guideline on protein
intake of the German Nutrition Society. European Journal of Nutrition.
2025;64(6). doi:10.1007/s00394-025-03746-2'
apa: 'Egert, S., Amini, A. M., Klug, L., Kalotai, N., Haardt, J., Boeing, H., Buyken,
A., Kroke, A., Lorkowski, S., Louis, S., Nimptsch, K., Schulze, M. B., Schwingshackl,
L., Siener, R., Stangl, G. I., Zittermann, A., Watzl, B., & Ellinger, S. (2025).
Protein intake and cardiovascular diseases: an umbrella review of systematic reviews
for the evidence-based guideline on protein intake of the German Nutrition Society.
European Journal of Nutrition, 64(6), Article 254. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-025-03746-2'
bibtex: '@article{Egert_Amini_Klug_Kalotai_Haardt_Boeing_Buyken_Kroke_Lorkowski_Louis_et
al._2025, title={Protein intake and cardiovascular diseases: an umbrella review
of systematic reviews for the evidence-based guideline on protein intake of the
German Nutrition Society}, volume={64}, DOI={10.1007/s00394-025-03746-2},
number={6254}, journal={European Journal of Nutrition}, publisher={Springer Science
and Business Media LLC}, author={Egert, Sarah and Amini, Anna M. and Klug, Lea
and Kalotai, Nicole and Haardt, Julia and Boeing, Heiner and Buyken, Anette and
Kroke, Anja and Lorkowski, Stefan and Louis, Sandrine and et al.}, year={2025}
}'
chicago: 'Egert, Sarah, Anna M. Amini, Lea Klug, Nicole Kalotai, Julia Haardt, Heiner
Boeing, Anette Buyken, et al. “Protein Intake and Cardiovascular Diseases: An
Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews for the Evidence-Based Guideline on Protein
Intake of the German Nutrition Society.” European Journal of Nutrition
64, no. 6 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-025-03746-2.'
ieee: 'S. Egert et al., “Protein intake and cardiovascular diseases: an umbrella
review of systematic reviews for the evidence-based guideline on protein intake
of the German Nutrition Society,” European Journal of Nutrition, vol. 64,
no. 6, Art. no. 254, 2025, doi: 10.1007/s00394-025-03746-2.'
mla: 'Egert, Sarah, et al. “Protein Intake and Cardiovascular Diseases: An Umbrella
Review of Systematic Reviews for the Evidence-Based Guideline on Protein Intake
of the German Nutrition Society.” European Journal of Nutrition, vol. 64,
no. 6, 254, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025, doi:10.1007/s00394-025-03746-2.'
short: S. Egert, A.M. Amini, L. Klug, N. Kalotai, J. Haardt, H. Boeing, A. Buyken,
A. Kroke, S. Lorkowski, S. Louis, K. Nimptsch, M.B. Schulze, L. Schwingshackl,
R. Siener, G.I. Stangl, A. Zittermann, B. Watzl, S. Ellinger, European Journal
of Nutrition 64 (2025).
date_created: 2025-12-04T14:29:50Z
date_updated: 2025-12-04T14:30:16Z
doi: 10.1007/s00394-025-03746-2
intvolume: ' 64'
issue: '6'
language:
- iso: eng
publication: European Journal of Nutrition
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1436-6207
- 1436-6215
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
status: public
title: 'Protein intake and cardiovascular diseases: an umbrella review of systematic
reviews for the evidence-based guideline on protein intake of the German Nutrition
Society'
type: journal_article
user_id: '92491'
volume: 64
year: '2025'
...