{"title":"Multiphoton, multimode state classification for nonlinear optical circuits","publisher":"American Physical Society (APS)","user_id":"16199","article_number":"033062","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"<jats:p>We introduce a new classification of multimode states with a fixed number of photons. This classification is based on the factorizability of homogeneous multivariate polynomials and is invariant under unitary transformations. The classes physically correspond to field excitations in terms of single and multiple photons, each of which is in an arbitrary irreducible superposition of quantized modes. We further show how the transitions between classes are rendered possible by photon addition, photon subtraction, and photon-projection nonlinearities. We explicitly put forward a design for a multilayer interferometer in which the states for different classes can be generated with state-of-the-art experimental techniques. Limitations of the proposed designs are analyzed using the introduced classification, providing a benchmark for the robustness of certain states and classes.</jats:p>"}],"publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2643-1564"]},"project":[{"_id":"53","name":"TRR 142: Maßgeschneiderte nichtlineare Photonik: Von grundlegenden Konzepten zu funktionellen Strukturen"},{"name":"TRR 142 - Project Area C","_id":"56"},{"_id":"174","name":"TRR 142 ; TP: C10: Erzeugung und Charakterisierung von Quantenlicht in nichtlinearen Systemen: Eine theoretische Analyse"},{"name":"PhoQC: Photonisches Quantencomputing","_id":"266"}],"intvolume":"         7","date_updated":"2025-12-09T09:10:01Z","year":"2025","_id":"62980","citation":{"mla":"Kopylov, Denis A., et al. “Multiphoton, Multimode State Classification for Nonlinear Optical Circuits.” <i>Physical Review Research</i>, vol. 7, no. 3, 033062, American Physical Society (APS), 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/sv6z-v1gk\">10.1103/sv6z-v1gk</a>.","ieee":"D. A. Kopylov <i>et al.</i>, “Multiphoton, multimode state classification for nonlinear optical circuits,” <i>Physical Review Research</i>, vol. 7, no. 3, Art. no. 033062, 2025, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/sv6z-v1gk\">10.1103/sv6z-v1gk</a>.","bibtex":"@article{Kopylov_Offen_Ares_Wembe Moafo_Ober-Blöbaum_Meier_Sharapova_Sperling_2025, title={Multiphoton, multimode state classification for nonlinear optical circuits}, volume={7}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/sv6z-v1gk\">10.1103/sv6z-v1gk</a>}, number={3033062}, journal={Physical Review Research}, publisher={American Physical Society (APS)}, author={Kopylov, Denis A. and Offen, Christian and Ares, Laura and Wembe Moafo, Boris Edgar and Ober-Blöbaum, Sina and Meier, Torsten and Sharapova, Polina R. and Sperling, Jan}, year={2025} }","ama":"Kopylov DA, Offen C, Ares L, et al. Multiphoton, multimode state classification for nonlinear optical circuits. <i>Physical Review Research</i>. 2025;7(3). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/sv6z-v1gk\">10.1103/sv6z-v1gk</a>","short":"D.A. Kopylov, C. Offen, L. Ares, B.E. Wembe Moafo, S. Ober-Blöbaum, T. Meier, P.R. Sharapova, J. Sperling, Physical Review Research 7 (2025).","chicago":"Kopylov, Denis A., Christian Offen, Laura Ares, Boris Edgar Wembe Moafo, Sina Ober-Blöbaum, Torsten Meier, Polina R. Sharapova, and Jan Sperling. “Multiphoton, Multimode State Classification for Nonlinear Optical Circuits.” <i>Physical Review Research</i> 7, no. 3 (2025). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/sv6z-v1gk\">https://doi.org/10.1103/sv6z-v1gk</a>.","apa":"Kopylov, D. A., Offen, C., Ares, L., Wembe Moafo, B. E., Ober-Blöbaum, S., Meier, T., Sharapova, P. R., &#38; Sperling, J. (2025). Multiphoton, multimode state classification for nonlinear optical circuits. <i>Physical Review Research</i>, <i>7</i>(3), Article 033062. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/sv6z-v1gk\">https://doi.org/10.1103/sv6z-v1gk</a>"},"publication":"Physical Review Research","issue":"3","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1103/sv6z-v1gk","department":[{"_id":"15"},{"_id":"569"},{"_id":"170"},{"_id":"293"},{"_id":"706"},{"_id":"636"},{"_id":"35"},{"_id":"230"},{"_id":"429"},{"_id":"623"}],"author":[{"first_name":"Denis A.","last_name":"Kopylov","full_name":"Kopylov, Denis A."},{"first_name":"Christian","id":"85279","last_name":"Offen","orcid":"0000-0002-5940-8057","full_name":"Offen, Christian"},{"last_name":"Ares","full_name":"Ares, Laura","first_name":"Laura"},{"full_name":"Wembe Moafo, Boris Edgar","last_name":"Wembe Moafo","first_name":"Boris Edgar","id":"95394"},{"first_name":"Sina","id":"16494","last_name":"Ober-Blöbaum","full_name":"Ober-Blöbaum, Sina"},{"id":"344","first_name":"Torsten","full_name":"Meier, Torsten","orcid":"0000-0001-8864-2072","last_name":"Meier"},{"last_name":"Sharapova","full_name":"Sharapova, Polina R.","first_name":"Polina R.","id":"60286"},{"last_name":"Sperling","full_name":"Sperling, Jan","orcid":"0000-0002-5844-3205","first_name":"Jan","id":"75127"}],"status":"public","type":"journal_article","volume":7,"date_created":"2025-12-09T09:08:39Z"}