article published Denis A. Kopylov author Christian Offen author 852790000-0002-5940-8057 Laura Ares author Boris Edgar Wembe Moafo author 95394 Sina Ober-Blöbaum author 16494 Torsten Meier author 3440000-0001-8864-2072 Polina R. Sharapova author 60286 Jan Sperling author 751270000-0002-5844-3205 15 department 569 department 170 department 293 department 706 department 636 department 35 department 230 department 429 department 623 department TRR 142: Maßgeschneiderte nichtlineare Photonik: Von grundlegenden Konzepten zu funktionellen Strukturen project TRR 142 - Project Area C project TRR 142 ; TP: C10: Erzeugung und Charakterisierung von Quantenlicht in nichtlinearen Systemen: Eine theoretische Analyse project PhoQC: Photonisches Quantencomputing project <jats:p>We introduce a new classification of multimode states with a fixed number of photons. This classification is based on the factorizability of homogeneous multivariate polynomials and is invariant under unitary transformations. The classes physically correspond to field excitations in terms of single and multiple photons, each of which is in an arbitrary irreducible superposition of quantized modes. We further show how the transitions between classes are rendered possible by photon addition, photon subtraction, and photon-projection nonlinearities. We explicitly put forward a design for a multilayer interferometer in which the states for different classes can be generated with state-of-the-art experimental techniques. Limitations of the proposed designs are analyzed using the introduced classification, providing a benchmark for the robustness of certain states and classes.</jats:p> American Physical Society (APS)2025 eng 2643-156410.1103/sv6z-v1gk 73 Kopylov, Denis A., Christian Offen, Laura Ares, Boris Edgar Wembe Moafo, Sina Ober-Blöbaum, Torsten Meier, Polina R. Sharapova, and Jan Sperling. “Multiphoton, Multimode State Classification for Nonlinear Optical Circuits.” <i>Physical Review Research</i> 7, no. 3 (2025). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/sv6z-v1gk">https://doi.org/10.1103/sv6z-v1gk</a>. D.A. Kopylov, C. Offen, L. Ares, B.E. Wembe Moafo, S. Ober-Blöbaum, T. Meier, P.R. Sharapova, J. Sperling, Physical Review Research 7 (2025). D. A. Kopylov <i>et al.</i>, “Multiphoton, multimode state classification for nonlinear optical circuits,” <i>Physical Review Research</i>, vol. 7, no. 3, Art. no. 033062, 2025, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/sv6z-v1gk">10.1103/sv6z-v1gk</a>. Kopylov, D. A., Offen, C., Ares, L., Wembe Moafo, B. E., Ober-Blöbaum, S., Meier, T., Sharapova, P. R., &#38; Sperling, J. (2025). Multiphoton, multimode state classification for nonlinear optical circuits. <i>Physical Review Research</i>, <i>7</i>(3), Article 033062. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/sv6z-v1gk">https://doi.org/10.1103/sv6z-v1gk</a> @article{Kopylov_Offen_Ares_Wembe Moafo_Ober-Blöbaum_Meier_Sharapova_Sperling_2025, title={Multiphoton, multimode state classification for nonlinear optical circuits}, volume={7}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/sv6z-v1gk">10.1103/sv6z-v1gk</a>}, number={3033062}, journal={Physical Review Research}, publisher={American Physical Society (APS)}, author={Kopylov, Denis A. and Offen, Christian and Ares, Laura and Wembe Moafo, Boris Edgar and Ober-Blöbaum, Sina and Meier, Torsten and Sharapova, Polina R. and Sperling, Jan}, year={2025} } Kopylov DA, Offen C, Ares L, et al. Multiphoton, multimode state classification for nonlinear optical circuits. <i>Physical Review Research</i>. 2025;7(3). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/sv6z-v1gk">10.1103/sv6z-v1gk</a> Kopylov, Denis A., et al. “Multiphoton, Multimode State Classification for Nonlinear Optical Circuits.” <i>Physical Review Research</i>, vol. 7, no. 3, 033062, American Physical Society (APS), 2025, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/sv6z-v1gk">10.1103/sv6z-v1gk</a>. 629802025-12-09T09:08:39Z2025-12-09T09:10:01Z