{"date_updated":"2026-02-17T16:11:46Z","publisher":"The Royal Society of Chemistry","volume":16,"author":[{"first_name":"Li","full_name":"Zhao, Li","last_name":"Zhao"},{"full_name":"Li, Wei","last_name":"Li","first_name":"Wei"},{"full_name":"Plog, Andreas","last_name":"Plog","first_name":"Andreas"},{"last_name":"Xu","full_name":"Xu, Yeping","first_name":"Yeping"},{"first_name":"Gerd","last_name":"Buntkowsky","full_name":"Buntkowsky, Gerd"},{"first_name":"Torsten","last_name":"Gutmann","full_name":"Gutmann, Torsten","id":"118165"},{"full_name":"Zhang, Kai","last_name":"Zhang","first_name":"Kai"}],"date_created":"2026-02-07T16:20:24Z","title":"Multi-responsive cellulose nanocrystal-rhodamine conjugates: an advanced structure study by solid-state dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) NMR","doi":"10.1039/C4CP04096A","issue":"47","year":"2014","page":"26322–26329","intvolume":"        16","citation":{"chicago":"Zhao, Li, Wei Li, Andreas Plog, Yeping Xu, Gerd Buntkowsky, Torsten Gutmann, and Kai Zhang. “Multi-Responsive Cellulose Nanocrystal-Rhodamine Conjugates: An Advanced Structure Study by Solid-State Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) NMR.” <i>Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics</i> 16, no. 47 (2014): 26322–26329. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1039/C4CP04096A\">https://doi.org/10.1039/C4CP04096A</a>.","ieee":"L. Zhao <i>et al.</i>, “Multi-responsive cellulose nanocrystal-rhodamine conjugates: an advanced structure study by solid-state dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) NMR,” <i>Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics</i>, vol. 16, no. 47, pp. 26322–26329, 2014, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1039/C4CP04096A\">10.1039/C4CP04096A</a>.","ama":"Zhao L, Li W, Plog A, et al. Multi-responsive cellulose nanocrystal-rhodamine conjugates: an advanced structure study by solid-state dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) NMR. <i>Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics</i>. 2014;16(47):26322–26329. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1039/C4CP04096A\">10.1039/C4CP04096A</a>","apa":"Zhao, L., Li, W., Plog, A., Xu, Y., Buntkowsky, G., Gutmann, T., &#38; Zhang, K. (2014). Multi-responsive cellulose nanocrystal-rhodamine conjugates: an advanced structure study by solid-state dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) NMR. <i>Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics</i>, <i>16</i>(47), 26322–26329. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1039/C4CP04096A\">https://doi.org/10.1039/C4CP04096A</a>","mla":"Zhao, Li, et al. “Multi-Responsive Cellulose Nanocrystal-Rhodamine Conjugates: An Advanced Structure Study by Solid-State Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) NMR.” <i>Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics</i>, vol. 16, no. 47, The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2014, pp. 26322–26329, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1039/C4CP04096A\">10.1039/C4CP04096A</a>.","bibtex":"@article{Zhao_Li_Plog_Xu_Buntkowsky_Gutmann_Zhang_2014, title={Multi-responsive cellulose nanocrystal-rhodamine conjugates: an advanced structure study by solid-state dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) NMR}, volume={16}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1039/C4CP04096A\">10.1039/C4CP04096A</a>}, number={47}, journal={Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics}, publisher={The Royal Society of Chemistry}, author={Zhao, Li and Li, Wei and Plog, Andreas and Xu, Yeping and Buntkowsky, Gerd and Gutmann, Torsten and Zhang, Kai}, year={2014}, pages={26322–26329} }","short":"L. Zhao, W. Li, A. Plog, Y. Xu, G. Buntkowsky, T. Gutmann, K. Zhang, Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 16 (2014) 26322–26329."},"_id":"64066","user_id":"100715","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"extern":"1","publication":"Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics","type":"journal_article","abstract":[{"text":"Multi-stimuli responsive materials based on cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), especially using non-conventional stimuli including light, still need more explorations, to fulfill the requirements of complicated application environments. The structure determination of functional groups on the CNC surface constitutes a significant challenge, partially due to their low amounts. In this study, rhodamine spiroamide groups are immobilized onto the surface of CNCs leading to a hybrid compound being responsive to pH-values, heat and UV light. After the treatment with external stimuli, the fluorescent and correlated optical color change can be induced, which refers to a ring opening and closing process. Amine and amide groups in rhodamine spiroamide play the critical role in this switching process. Solid-state NMR spectroscopy coupled with sensitivity-enhanced dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) was used to measure 13C and 15N in natural abundance, allowing the determination of structural changes during the switching process. It is shown that a temporary bond through an electrostatic interaction could be formed within the confined environment on the CNC surface during the heat treatment. The carboxyl groups on the CNC surface play a pivotal role in stabilizing the open status of rhodamine spiroamide groups.","lang":"eng"}],"status":"public"}