---
_id: '65061'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\r\n                  <jats:p>\r\n                    One
    of the purposes for which XAI is often brought into play is to enable a user to
    act responsibly. However, responsibility is a complex normative and social phenomenon
    that we unfold in this chapter. We consider that the classical concepts of agency
    and responsibility do not fully capture what is needed for meaningful collaboration
    between human users and XAI. Advocating the perspective of sXAI, we argue that
    the growing adaptivity of AI systems will result in sXAI being considered as partners.
    Both partners adopt particular (dialogical) roles within a collaborative process
    and take responsibility for them. We expect that these roles lead to reactive
    attitudes toward the sXAI on the side of the human partners that make these roles
    relational. They resemble those reactive attitudes that we hold toward other human
    agents. For agents to exercise their responsibility, they need to possess agential
    capacities to fulfill their role with respect to the structure of a social interaction.
    Hence, sXAI can be expected to act responsibly. But because of XAI’s limited normative
    capacities, it might rather act as a marginal agent. We refer to marginal agents
    and show they can be scaffolded with regard to their agential capacities and their
    knowledge about the structure of a social interaction. The structure links the
    actions of the partners to each other in terms of a set of stimuli and responses
    to it in pursuit of a particular goal. Hence, it is important to differentiate
    between the different goals that a structure can impose for exercising responsibility.
    Therefore, we follow (Responsibility from the margins. Oxford University Press;
    2015.\r\n                    <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"
    xlink:href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198715672.24001.0001\" ext-link-type=\"uri\">https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198715672.24001.0001</jats:ext-link>\r\n
    \                   ) and offer three structures that can help to organize responsibility
    for\r\n                    <jats:italic>decisions made</jats:italic>\r\n                    with
    the assistance of AI systems. These structures are attributability, answerability,
    and accountability. Our insights will inform the development and design process
    of XAI to meet the guiding principles of responsible research and innovation as
    well as trustworthy AI.\r\n                  </jats:p>"
author:
- first_name: Katharina J.
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina J.
  id: '50352'
  last_name: Rohlfing
  orcid: 0000-0002-5676-8233
- first_name: Suzana
  full_name: Alpsancar, Suzana
  id: '93637'
  last_name: Alpsancar
- first_name: Carsten
  full_name: Schulte, Carsten
  id: '60311'
  last_name: Schulte
citation:
  ama: 'Rohlfing KJ, Alpsancar S, Schulte C. Responsibilities in sXAI. In: <i>Social
    Explainable AI</i>. Springer Nature Singapore; 2026:157-177. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_9">10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_9</a>'
  apa: Rohlfing, K. J., Alpsancar, S., &#38; Schulte, C. (2026). Responsibilities
    in sXAI. In <i>Social Explainable AI</i> (pp. 157–177). Springer Nature Singapore.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_9">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_9</a>
  bibtex: '@inbook{Rohlfing_Alpsancar_Schulte_2026, place={Singapore}, title={Responsibilities
    in sXAI}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_9">10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_9</a>},
    booktitle={Social Explainable AI}, publisher={Springer Nature Singapore}, author={Rohlfing,
    Katharina J. and Alpsancar, Suzana and Schulte, Carsten}, year={2026}, pages={157–177}
    }'
  chicago: 'Rohlfing, Katharina J., Suzana Alpsancar, and Carsten Schulte. “Responsibilities
    in SXAI.” In <i>Social Explainable AI</i>, 157–77. Singapore: Springer Nature
    Singapore, 2026. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_9">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_9</a>.'
  ieee: 'K. J. Rohlfing, S. Alpsancar, and C. Schulte, “Responsibilities in sXAI,”
    in <i>Social Explainable AI</i>, Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2026, pp.
    157–177.'
  mla: Rohlfing, Katharina J., et al. “Responsibilities in SXAI.” <i>Social Explainable
    AI</i>, Springer Nature Singapore, 2026, pp. 157–77, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_9">10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_9</a>.
  short: 'K.J. Rohlfing, S. Alpsancar, C. Schulte, in: Social Explainable AI, Springer
    Nature Singapore, Singapore, 2026, pp. 157–177.'
date_created: 2026-03-19T10:59:18Z
date_updated: 2026-03-19T11:53:01Z
department:
- _id: '26'
- _id: '756'
doi: 10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_9
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_9
oa: '1'
page: 157-177
place: Singapore
project:
- _id: '109'
  name: 'TRR 318: Erklärbarkeit konstruieren'
- _id: '370'
  name: 'TRR 318; TP B06: Ethik und Normativität der erklärbaren KI'
publication: Social Explainable AI
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - '9789819652891'
  - '9789819652907'
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature Singapore
status: public
title: Responsibilities in sXAI
type: book_chapter
user_id: '93637'
year: '2026'
...