---
res:
  bibo_abstract:
  - <jats:p>Lithium niobate sees widespread use in nonlinear and quantum optical devices,
    such as for sum- and difference-frequency generation or spontaneous parametric
    downconversion. In lithium niobate waveguides, nonlinear optical processes are
    often limited by the so-called photorefractive effect, which limits the maximum
    input or output powers and impacts the nonlinear spectral response. Therefore,
    strategies for the management of photorefractive damage are a key consideration
    in device design. Usually, the photorefractive damage threshold, i.e., the maximal
    permissible operating power, can be increased by high-temperature operation of
    devices. This approach, however, is not applicable in cryogenic environments,
    which may be required for specialized applications. To better understand the impact
    of photorefraction in nonlinear optical applications, we study the impact of photorefraction
    on the phase-matching spectra of two nonlinear-optical sum-frequency generation
    experiments at (1) high temperatures and (2) cryogenic temperatures. Furthermore,
    we present an approach to reduce the impact of photorefraction, which is compatible
    with cryogenic operation. This comprises an auxiliary light source, propagating
    in the same waveguide, which is used to restore phase-matching spectra impacted
    by photorefraction, as well as reduce pyroelectric effects. Our work provides
    an alternative route to photorefraction management applicable to cryogenic environments,
    as well as in situations with tight energy budgets, such as space applications.</jats:p>@eng
  bibo_authorlist:
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Nina Amelie
      foaf_name: Lange, Nina Amelie
      foaf_surname: Lange
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=56843
    orcid: 0000-0001-6624-7098
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: René
      foaf_name: Pollmann, René
      foaf_surname: Pollmann
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=78890
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Michael
      foaf_name: Rüsing, Michael
      foaf_surname: Rüsing
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=22501
    orcid: 0000-0003-4682-4577
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Michael
      foaf_name: Stefszky, Michael
      foaf_surname: Stefszky
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=42777
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Maximilian
      foaf_name: Protte, Maximilian
      foaf_surname: Protte
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=46170
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Raimund
      foaf_name: Ricken, Raimund
      foaf_surname: Ricken
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Laura
      foaf_name: Padberg, Laura
      foaf_surname: Padberg
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=40300
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Christof
      foaf_name: Eigner, Christof
      foaf_surname: Eigner
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=13244
    orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5693-3083
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Tim
      foaf_name: Bartley, Tim
      foaf_surname: Bartley
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Christine
      foaf_name: Silberhorn, Christine
      foaf_surname: Silberhorn
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=26263
  bibo_doi: 10.1063/5.0324002
  bibo_issue: '13'
  bibo_volume: 139
  dct_date: 2026^xs_gYear
  dct_isPartOf:
  - http://id.crossref.org/issn/0021-8979
  - http://id.crossref.org/issn/1089-7550
  dct_language: eng
  dct_publisher: AIP Publishing@
  dct_title: 'Photorefraction management in lithium niobate waveguides: High-temperature
    vs cryogenic solutions@'
...