---
res:
  bibo_abstract:
  - "<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\r\n                  <jats:p>Vitamin D has
    been associated with depression, potentially via anti-inflammatory mechanisms,
    yet data is scarce, particularly in adolescence. We investigated (1) whether lower
    vitamin D status is associated with greater depression severity and (2) whether
    this association is statistically moderated by inflammation in patients of a child
    and adolescent psychiatry department. At admission fasting morning venous blood
    was drawn. Serum vitamin D (25(OH)D) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were analyzed
    in all participants [n=465 (64.7%♀; 11.3-18.9 years)]. In a subsample [n=177],
    we additionally measured tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interferon-gamma and interleukin
    (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10. Depression severity was assessed by the Beck Depression
    Inventory-II (BDI-II) [n=450], the Diagnostic System for Mental Disorders in Childhood
    and Adolescence via self-assessment (DISYPS Self) [n=441], and parent-assessment
    (DISYPS Proxy) [n=422]. Overall, 43.2% [n=201] were at risk for vitamin D deficiency
    (&lt;30nmol/L), and 73.5%-83.2% –depending on assessment tool– showed at least
    mild depression. Linear regression revealed an inverse association between 25(OH)D
    and BDI-II in both crude and CRP-adjusted full-sample models. Logistic regressions
    showed a robust inverse association between 25(OH)D and DISYPS Proxy, but not
    for DISYPS Self. Although 25(OH)D was inversely correlated with some pro-inflammatory
    markers, neither their inclusion in regression models nor formal mediation analyses
    supported inflammation as a mediator of the vitamin D–depression association.
    Overall, our results suggest that vitamin D relates modestly to both depression
    and inflammation in adolescence. However, based on the measured parameters, we
    cannot confirm that anti-inflammatory effects are the link between vitamin D and
    depression.</jats:p>@eng"
  bibo_authorlist:
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Laura
      foaf_name: Schlarbaum, Laura
      foaf_surname: Schlarbaum
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Nicole
      foaf_name: Jankovic, Nicole
      foaf_surname: Jankovic
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Judith
      foaf_name: Bühlmeier, Judith
      foaf_surname: Bühlmeier
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Harald
      foaf_name: Engler, Harald
      foaf_surname: Engler
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Raphael
      foaf_name: Hirtz, Raphael
      foaf_surname: Hirtz
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Corinna
      foaf_name: Grasemann, Corinna
      foaf_surname: Grasemann
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Triinu
      foaf_name: Peters, Triinu
      foaf_surname: Peters
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Anke
      foaf_name: Hinney, Anke
      foaf_surname: Hinney
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Jochen
      foaf_name: Antel, Jochen
      foaf_surname: Antel
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Johannes
      foaf_name: Hebebrand, Johannes
      foaf_surname: Hebebrand
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Manuel
      foaf_name: Föcker, Manuel
      foaf_surname: Föcker
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Lars
      foaf_name: Libuda, Lars
      foaf_surname: Libuda
  bibo_doi: 10.1017/s0007114526106928
  dct_date: 2026^xs_gYear
  dct_isPartOf:
  - http://id.crossref.org/issn/0007-1145
  - http://id.crossref.org/issn/1475-2662
  dct_language: eng
  dct_publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)@
  dct_title: Does inflammation explain the association between vitamin D and depression?
    Results of a cross-sectional study in children and adolescents@
...