[{"year":"2026","quality_controlled":"1","title":"Cascaded Metasurface Interferometer for Multipath Interference with Classical and Quantum Light","date_created":"2026-04-20T04:52:59Z","publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","abstract":[{"text":"Beamsplitters represent fundamental components in both classical and quantum optical systems, enabling the distribution of light, as well as the generation of interference, superposition, and entanglement. However, optical networks constructed from conventional bulk 2 × 2-beamsplitters encounter inherent scalability issues, as the number of required beamsplitters scales quadratically with the number of optical modes for a fully connected network. Metasurfaces offer a promising route to\r\novercome these constraints. By manipulating light at the wavelength scale, compact optical components with advanced functionalities can be constructed, which address several modes simultaneously. In this work, we design and experimentally utilize a metasurface as a multiport beamsplitter. Furthermore, we realized a multimode interferometer composed of two cascaded metasurfaces. We characterize the individual and cascaded metasurfaces by using classical light, showing controllable splitting ratios through tunable phase relations. We then expand the approach to quantum light, employing single photons to demonstrate second- and third-order photon correlations as well as single photon interference across multiple spatial paths. These results establish metasurface-based multiport beamsplitters as a scalable and reconfigurable platform bridging classical and quantum photonics. ","lang":"eng"}],"publication":"ACS Photonics","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"keyword":["metasurface","beamsplitter","interferometer","quantum network","single photons","nanophotonics"],"external_id":{"arxiv":["2603.25090"]},"citation":{"apa":"Aschwanden, R., Claro-Rodríguez, N., Zhao, R., Kallert, P. A. M., Krieger, T., Buchinger, Q., Covre da Silva, S. F., Stroj, S., Rota, M., Höfling, S., Huber-Loyola, T., Rastelli, A., Trotta, R., Huang, L., Bartley, T., Jöns, K., &#38; Zentgraf, T. (2026). Cascaded Metasurface Interferometer for Multipath Interference with Classical and Quantum Light. <i>ACS Photonics</i>, Article acsphotonics.6c00096. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.6c00096\">https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.6c00096</a>","bibtex":"@article{Aschwanden_Claro-Rodríguez_Zhao_Kallert_Krieger_Buchinger_Covre da Silva_Stroj_Rota_Höfling_et al._2026, title={Cascaded Metasurface Interferometer for Multipath Interference with Classical and Quantum Light}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.6c00096\">10.1021/acsphotonics.6c00096</a>}, number={acsphotonics.6c00096}, journal={ACS Photonics}, publisher={American Chemical Society (ACS)}, author={Aschwanden, Rebecca and Claro-Rodríguez, Nicolás and Zhao, Ruizhe and Kallert, Patricia Anna Maria and Krieger, Tobias and Buchinger, Quirin and Covre da Silva, Saimon F. and Stroj, Sandra and Rota, Michele and Höfling, Sven and et al.}, year={2026} }","mla":"Aschwanden, Rebecca, et al. “Cascaded Metasurface Interferometer for Multipath Interference with Classical and Quantum Light.” <i>ACS Photonics</i>, acsphotonics.6c00096, American Chemical Society (ACS), 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.6c00096\">10.1021/acsphotonics.6c00096</a>.","short":"R. Aschwanden, N. Claro-Rodríguez, R. Zhao, P.A.M. Kallert, T. Krieger, Q. Buchinger, S.F. Covre da Silva, S. Stroj, M. Rota, S. Höfling, T. Huber-Loyola, A. Rastelli, R. Trotta, L. Huang, T. Bartley, K. Jöns, T. Zentgraf, ACS Photonics (2026).","ama":"Aschwanden R, Claro-Rodríguez N, Zhao R, et al. Cascaded Metasurface Interferometer for Multipath Interference with Classical and Quantum Light. <i>ACS Photonics</i>. Published online 2026. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.6c00096\">10.1021/acsphotonics.6c00096</a>","chicago":"Aschwanden, Rebecca, Nicolás Claro-Rodríguez, Ruizhe Zhao, Patricia Anna Maria Kallert, Tobias Krieger, Quirin Buchinger, Saimon F. Covre da Silva, et al. “Cascaded Metasurface Interferometer for Multipath Interference with Classical and Quantum Light.” <i>ACS Photonics</i>, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.6c00096\">https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.6c00096</a>.","ieee":"R. Aschwanden <i>et al.</i>, “Cascaded Metasurface Interferometer for Multipath Interference with Classical and Quantum Light,” <i>ACS Photonics</i>, Art. no. acsphotonics.6c00096, 2026, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.6c00096\">10.1021/acsphotonics.6c00096</a>."},"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2330-4022","2330-4022"]},"publication_status":"published","doi":"10.1021/acsphotonics.6c00096","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsphotonics.6c00096"}],"author":[{"last_name":"Aschwanden","full_name":"Aschwanden, Rebecca","first_name":"Rebecca"},{"first_name":"Nicolás","full_name":"Claro-Rodríguez, Nicolás","last_name":"Claro-Rodríguez"},{"full_name":"Zhao, Ruizhe","last_name":"Zhao","first_name":"Ruizhe"},{"first_name":"Patricia Anna Maria","id":"72332","full_name":"Kallert, Patricia Anna Maria","last_name":"Kallert","orcid":"0009-0007-5230-0223"},{"first_name":"Tobias","last_name":"Krieger","full_name":"Krieger, Tobias"},{"first_name":"Quirin","last_name":"Buchinger","full_name":"Buchinger, Quirin"},{"last_name":"Covre da Silva","full_name":"Covre da Silva, Saimon F.","first_name":"Saimon F."},{"full_name":"Stroj, Sandra","last_name":"Stroj","first_name":"Sandra"},{"first_name":"Michele","full_name":"Rota, Michele","last_name":"Rota"},{"last_name":"Höfling","full_name":"Höfling, Sven","first_name":"Sven"},{"last_name":"Huber-Loyola","full_name":"Huber-Loyola, Tobias","first_name":"Tobias"},{"full_name":"Rastelli, Armando","last_name":"Rastelli","first_name":"Armando"},{"first_name":"Rinaldo","full_name":"Trotta, Rinaldo","last_name":"Trotta"},{"last_name":"Huang","full_name":"Huang, Lingling","first_name":"Lingling"},{"first_name":"Tim","id":"49683","full_name":"Bartley, Tim","last_name":"Bartley"},{"last_name":"Jöns","id":"85353","full_name":"Jöns, Klaus","first_name":"Klaus"},{"last_name":"Zentgraf","orcid":"0000-0002-8662-1101","id":"30525","full_name":"Zentgraf, Thomas","first_name":"Thomas"}],"date_updated":"2026-04-20T05:01:00Z","status":"public","type":"journal_article","article_type":"original","article_number":"acsphotonics.6c00096","department":[{"_id":"15"},{"_id":"230"},{"_id":"289"},{"_id":"623"}],"user_id":"30525","_id":"65460","project":[{"name":"TRR 142 - Project Area A","_id":"54"},{"name":"TRR 142; TP A08: Nichtlineare Kopplung von Zwischenschicht-Exzitonen in van der Waals-Heterostrukturen an plasmonische und dielektrische Nanokavitäten","_id":"65"},{"_id":"53","name":"TRR 142: Maßgeschneiderte nichtlineare Photonik: Von grundlegenden Konzepten zu funktionellen Strukturen"}]}]