---
_id: '66001'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Expanding renewable energy sources is essential for a sustainable energy supply
    but challenges grid stability, as the volatility of solar and wind causes periods
    of over- and undersupply. Private households are central to this transition, combining
    dynamic consumption with decentralised generation. This paper presents a multi-agent
    microgrid simulation built on the Mesa framework, focusing on the heterogeneous
    objectives and technological capabilities of residential participants. Households
    are modelled as autonomous agents with individual strategies, while a dedicated
    “grid agent” represents the distribution system operator and regulates the microgrid
    in a grid-supportive manner. The emission factor serves as the key indicator for
    grid-friendly behaviour. Results show that in summer, unmanaged PV feed-in from
    heterogeneous households causes substantial grid stress and balancing effort for
    the distribution system operator. Dynamic electricity prices can incentivise grid-friendly
    dispatch, but their effectiveness depends on the correlation between price signals
    and renewable availability and cannot guarantee grid-supportive behaviour alone.
    The grid agent reliably improves the grid-supportive coefficient, yet its operating
    strategy, for instance additional peak-reduction objectives, can interfere with
    price-based incentives. Effective demand-side management therefore requires careful
    analysis of stakeholder interactions. Building on this insight, thepaper provides
    a basic framework for the design, implementation, and assessment of both integrated
    and individual energy management strategies within a microgrid environment. By
    simulating the dynamic interactions among system participants and strategies,
    it enables comprehensive evaluation of their collective impact on the grid, supporting
    the development of robust solutions for future electricity networks.
author:
- first_name: Kevin
  full_name: Henne, Kevin
  id: '56918'
  last_name: Henne
- first_name: Henning Christoph
  full_name: Rahlf, Henning Christoph
  id: '56955'
  last_name: Rahlf
  orcid: 0009-0006-8106-2132
- first_name: Marius
  full_name: Naumann, Marius
  id: '94950'
  last_name: Naumann
- first_name: Henning
  full_name: Meschede, Henning
  id: '86954'
  last_name: Meschede
  orcid: 0000-0002-1538-089X
citation:
  ama: 'Henne K, Rahlf HC, Naumann M, Meschede H. Towards Stakeholder-Aware Demand-Side
    management assessment in heterogeneous residential Microgrids: A Multi-Agent approach.
    <i>Energy Conversion and Management: X</i>. 2026;31:102030. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.102030">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.102030</a>'
  apa: 'Henne, K., Rahlf, H. C., Naumann, M., &#38; Meschede, H. (2026). Towards Stakeholder-Aware
    Demand-Side management assessment in heterogeneous residential Microgrids: A Multi-Agent
    approach. <i>Energy Conversion and Management: X</i>, <i>31</i>, 102030. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.102030">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.102030</a>'
  bibtex: '@article{Henne_Rahlf_Naumann_Meschede_2026, title={Towards Stakeholder-Aware
    Demand-Side management assessment in heterogeneous residential Microgrids: A Multi-Agent
    approach}, volume={31}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.102030">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.102030</a>},
    journal={Energy Conversion and Management: X}, publisher={Elsevier}, author={Henne,
    Kevin and Rahlf, Henning Christoph and Naumann, Marius and Meschede, Henning},
    year={2026}, pages={102030} }'
  chicago: 'Henne, Kevin, Henning Christoph Rahlf, Marius Naumann, and Henning Meschede.
    “Towards Stakeholder-Aware Demand-Side Management Assessment in Heterogeneous
    Residential Microgrids: A Multi-Agent Approach.” <i>Energy Conversion and Management:
    X</i> 31 (2026): 102030. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.102030">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.102030</a>.'
  ieee: 'K. Henne, H. C. Rahlf, M. Naumann, and H. Meschede, “Towards Stakeholder-Aware
    Demand-Side management assessment in heterogeneous residential Microgrids: A Multi-Agent
    approach,” <i>Energy Conversion and Management: X</i>, vol. 31, p. 102030, 2026,
    doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.102030">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.102030</a>.'
  mla: 'Henne, Kevin, et al. “Towards Stakeholder-Aware Demand-Side Management Assessment
    in Heterogeneous Residential Microgrids: A Multi-Agent Approach.” <i>Energy Conversion
    and Management: X</i>, vol. 31, Elsevier, 2026, p. 102030, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.102030">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.102030</a>.'
  short: 'K. Henne, H.C. Rahlf, M. Naumann, H. Meschede, Energy Conversion and Management:
    X 31 (2026) 102030.'
conference:
  end_date: 2025-10-10
  location: Dubrovnik
  name: 20th SDEWES conference
  start_date: 2025-10-05
date_created: 2026-06-19T12:27:48Z
date_updated: 2026-06-19T12:41:33Z
department:
- _id: '644'
doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.102030
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        31'
keyword:
- Microgrid
- Decentralised Energy Systems
- Multi-Agent System
- Residential Demand-Side Management
- Optimisation
language:
- iso: eng
page: '102030'
publication: 'Energy Conversion and Management: X'
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2590-1745
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
status: public
title: 'Towards Stakeholder-Aware Demand-Side management assessment in heterogeneous
  residential Microgrids: A Multi-Agent approach'
type: journal_article
user_id: '56918'
volume: 31
year: '2026'
...