---
_id: '66075'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: <jats:p>Indefinite causal order (ICO) has the potential to be a new resource
    for quantum information processing. In most of its experiments, ICO has been investigated
    in a photonic platform. Here, we investigate ICO in a cavity quantum electrodynamics
    system composed of two cavities. Our results show that ICO can create highly entangled
    states of two distant cavity fields that never interact directly independent of
    the initial (excited or ground) state of the atom. These entangled states can
    have the form of one- or two-photon NOON states. We show that ICO can interchange
    one photon between both cavities without changing the state of the atom, something
    that is impossible to achieve for two cavities in well-defined order. Furthermore,
    the vacuum Rabi oscillations either disappear or lose their sinusoidal form with
    ICO. Our results show the potential that ICO can offer in the paradigm of light-matter
    interaction for coherently controlling atom-field observables.</jats:p>
article_number: '023295'
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Luis Octavio
  full_name: Castaños-Cervantes, Luis Octavio
  last_name: Castaños-Cervantes
- first_name: Lorenzo M.
  full_name: Procopio, Lorenzo M.
  last_name: Procopio
- first_name: Tim J.
  full_name: Bartley, Tim J.
  last_name: Bartley
citation:
  ama: Castaños-Cervantes LO, Procopio LM, Bartley TJ. Indefinite causal order in
    cavity quantum electrodynamics. <i>Physical Review Research</i>. 2026;8(2). doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1103/wgr6-1g5m">10.1103/wgr6-1g5m</a>
  apa: Castaños-Cervantes, L. O., Procopio, L. M., &#38; Bartley, T. J. (2026). Indefinite
    causal order in cavity quantum electrodynamics. <i>Physical Review Research</i>,
    <i>8</i>(2), Article 023295. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/wgr6-1g5m">https://doi.org/10.1103/wgr6-1g5m</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Castaños-Cervantes_Procopio_Bartley_2026, title={Indefinite causal
    order in cavity quantum electrodynamics}, volume={8}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/wgr6-1g5m">10.1103/wgr6-1g5m</a>},
    number={2023295}, journal={Physical Review Research}, publisher={American Physical
    Society (APS)}, author={Castaños-Cervantes, Luis Octavio and Procopio, Lorenzo
    M. and Bartley, Tim J.}, year={2026} }'
  chicago: Castaños-Cervantes, Luis Octavio, Lorenzo M. Procopio, and Tim J. Bartley.
    “Indefinite Causal Order in Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics.” <i>Physical Review
    Research</i> 8, no. 2 (2026). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/wgr6-1g5m">https://doi.org/10.1103/wgr6-1g5m</a>.
  ieee: 'L. O. Castaños-Cervantes, L. M. Procopio, and T. J. Bartley, “Indefinite
    causal order in cavity quantum electrodynamics,” <i>Physical Review Research</i>,
    vol. 8, no. 2, Art. no. 023295, 2026, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/wgr6-1g5m">10.1103/wgr6-1g5m</a>.'
  mla: Castaños-Cervantes, Luis Octavio, et al. “Indefinite Causal Order in Cavity
    Quantum Electrodynamics.” <i>Physical Review Research</i>, vol. 8, no. 2, 023295,
    American Physical Society (APS), 2026, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/wgr6-1g5m">10.1103/wgr6-1g5m</a>.
  short: L.O. Castaños-Cervantes, L.M. Procopio, T.J. Bartley, Physical Review Research
    8 (2026).
date_created: 2026-06-29T08:08:42Z
date_updated: 2026-06-29T08:11:13Z
doi: 10.1103/wgr6-1g5m
intvolume: '         8'
issue: '2'
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Physical Review Research
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2643-1564
publication_status: published
publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
status: public
title: Indefinite causal order in cavity quantum electrodynamics
type: journal_article
user_id: '105816'
volume: 8
year: '2026'
...