---
res:
  bibo_abstract:
  - Multimodal backchannels are fundamental to conversational grounding and understanding.
    However, backchannels do not always transparently reflect the interlocutor's actual
    cognitive state. “Incongruent backchannels”, where the observable feedback implies
    understanding although there is no genuine understanding, are a potential source
    of ambiguity in any interaction. Using acoustic, head movement, and discourse-related
    data from 45 naturalistic dyadic interactions, we investigate whether incongruent
    and congruent backchannels show systematically different properties using a classification
    task. Results show that these backchannels are indeed separable based on multimodal
    features. Incongruent backchannels are typically characterised by more neutral
    head movement configurations and lower acoustic dynamism, while discursive cues
    strongly influence the classification. Overall, the findings suggest a relatively
    reduced effort in the signalling of incongruent backchannels.@eng
  bibo_authorlist:
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Olcay
      foaf_name: Türk, Olcay
      foaf_surname: Türk
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Stefan Teodorov
      foaf_name: Lazarov, Stefan Teodorov
      foaf_surname: Lazarov
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=90345
    orcid: 0009-0009-0892-9483
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Yu
      foaf_name: Wang, Yu
      foaf_surname: Wang
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Angela
      foaf_name: Grimminger, Angela
      foaf_surname: Grimminger
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=57578
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Hendrik
      foaf_name: Buschmeier, Hendrik
      foaf_surname: Buschmeier
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=76456
    orcid: 0000-0002-9613-5713
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Petra
      foaf_name: Wagner, Petra
      foaf_surname: Wagner
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=74505
  dct_date: 2026^xs_gYear
  dct_language: eng
  dct_title: 'When “yeah” means “not quite”: Multimodal detection of backchannels
    expressing incomplete understanding@'
...