---
res:
  bibo_abstract:
  - 'Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of pistachio shells was performed in a high-pressure
    batch reactor at 200 °C for 2 h, yielding a carbon-enriched hydrochar. Elemental
    analysis shows an increase in carbon mass fraction from 44.76 % to 54.09 % and
    a decrease in atomic O/C and H/C ratios, confirming carbonization as visualized
    in a Van Krevelen diagram. The hydrochar was chemically activated by potassium
    hydroxide (KOH) impregnation and thermal treatment, yielding 16–28 wt.% activated
    hydrochar. Adsorption isotherms were determined in a thermogravimetric, fluidized-bed
    reactor using a stepwise CO2 concentration program limited to 50 vol.% CO2 in
    N2 (0–5–10–25–50–0 vol.% CO2 at 100 kPa total pressure). The setup was extended
    by integrating online gas analysis to provide an independent, time-resolved mass-balance
    cross-check. Validation was performed using Lewatit VP OC 1065 by an internal
    Langmuir parity check and comparison with literature-based Toth model representations;
    gas analysis is demonstrated using a representative low-concentration step and
    by comparing Langmuir models derived from gas-based versus gravimetric loadings
    at 50 °C. For activated hydrochar, equilibrium points were obtained up to 50 vol.%
    CO2 (pCO2 ≈ 50 kPa) and show decreasing loading with increasing temperature. For
    literature comparison and indicative saturation reporting, isotherm fits were
    extrapolated to pure CO2 at 100 kPa: the maximum loading derived from the raw
    weighing signal was 1.84 mmol/g; after buoyancy correction, the corresponding
    value is 1.45 mmol/g.@eng'
  bibo_authorlist:
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Christoph
      foaf_name: Kroiß, Christoph
      foaf_surname: Kroiß
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Rafat
      foaf_name: Al Afif, Rafat
      foaf_surname: Al Afif
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Tobias
      foaf_name: Pröll, Tobias
      foaf_surname: Pröll
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Christoph
      foaf_name: Pfeifer, Christoph
      foaf_surname: Pfeifer
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Christian
      foaf_name: Weinberger, Christian
      foaf_surname: Weinberger
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=11848
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Gregor
      foaf_name: Tondl, Gregor
      foaf_surname: Tondl
  bibo_doi: 10.1007/s42452-026-09061-7
  dct_date: 2026^xs_gYear
  dct_isPartOf:
  - http://id.crossref.org/issn/3004-9261
  dct_language: eng
  dct_publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC@
  dct_subject:
  - Hydrothermal carbonization
  - Activated hydrochar
  - CO2 adsorption
  - Adsorption isotherms
  - Thermogravimetric analysis
  - Gas analysis
  - Method validation
  - Carbon capture
  dct_title: Validation of a fluidized bed thermogravimetric method with integrated
    gas analysis for CO2 capture by activated hydrochar from pistachio shells@
...