---
res:
  bibo_abstract:
  - "<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\r\n                  <jats:p>The service life
    of fatigue-loaded components that already contain manufacturing‑induced microcracks
    is primarily governed by the direction and the rate of fatigue-crack growth. When
    multiple loading components (e.g., tension, compression, shear) act simultaneously
    but not in temporal synchrony, out‑of‑phase mixed‑mode conditions occur. Such
    loadings are typical for automotive chassis parts and mechanically joined sheet‑metal
    assemblies. For optimized design of structural components, the crack kinking angle
    that occurs under mixed‑mode loading must be predicted as accurately as possible.
    At present, however, this is still challenging for out‑of‑phase loading conditions.
    To investigate the associated crack kinking behavior, a novel Compact‑Tension‑Shear‑Mini
    (CTSM) specimen was developed, enabling controlled generation of plane out-of-phase
    mixed-mode loading states. Experiments were performed under various combinations
    of cyclic and static mode I and mode II load components and compared with the
    analytical predictions of the Out-of-Phase Mixed-Mode (OMM) concept. The measured
    crack kinking angles showed very good agreement with the predicted values, with
    mean deviations of only a few degrees, demonstrating the validity and reproducibility
    of the approach. These findings confirm the applicability of the OMM concept for
    describing fatigue‑crack propagation under non‑proportional mixed‑mode loading
    and provide a basis for fatigue‑life assessment of clinched joints and other cyclic
    multi-axially loaded components.</jats:p>@eng"
  bibo_authorlist:
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Sven
      foaf_name: Krome, Sven
      foaf_surname: Krome
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=57245
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Gunter
      foaf_name: Kullmer, Gunter
      foaf_surname: Kullmer
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=291
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Deborah
      foaf_name: Weiß, Deborah
      foaf_surname: Weiß
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Tobias
      foaf_name: Duffe, Tobias
      foaf_surname: Duffe
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Richard
      foaf_name: Ostwald, Richard
      foaf_surname: Ostwald
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=106876
    orcid: 0000-0003-2147-8444
  bibo_doi: 10.1007/s44245-026-00236-5
  bibo_issue: '1'
  bibo_volume: 5
  dct_date: 2026^xs_gYear
  dct_isPartOf:
  - http://id.crossref.org/issn/2731-6564
  dct_language: eng
  dct_publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC@
  dct_title: Experimental determination of kinking angles with out-of-phase mixed-mode
    loading by means of a novel specimen geometry@
...