@article{67282,
  abstract     = {{<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>
                  <jats:p>
                    Diet impacts cardiovascular disease risk, but the association across diabetes subtypes is unclear. We thus aimed to assess the association between dietary factors and estimated 10-year cardiovascular disease risk across diabetes subtypes in the German Diabetes Study (GDS). Participants with recent-onset diabetes and from the 5-year follow-up examination were combined (n=635, mean age 47.5±12.9 years, 60% male) and classified into diabetes subtypes. Subtypes with prevalence &gt;10% were included in cross-sectional analyses: severe autoimmune diabetes (39%), mild obesity-related diabetes (31%), and mild age-related diabetes (30%). Carbohydrate quality parameters and adherence to dietary patterns were assessed from food frequency questionnaires. Differences in associations between these dietary factors and 10-year cardiovascular risk estimated by SCORE2-Diabetes across subtypes were examined using multivariable-adjusted linear regression models including an interaction term. In people with severe autoimmune diabetes, the overall and the healthful plant-based diet index were associated with lower estimated 10-year cardiovascular risk (ß [95% CI] -6.8 [-12.1; -1.2] and -8.8% [-14.0; -3.2] per 1-standard deviation increases, respectively), while these associations were not evident among the remaining two subtypes (p-value for interaction between subtypes &lt;0.05). Our findings suggest subtype-specific associations of plant-based dietary patterns with estimated cardiovascular risk, warranting further research from longitudinal and intervention studies.
                    <jats:bold>Trial registration:</jats:bold>
                    Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01055093
                  </jats:p>}},
  author       = {{Weber, Katharina S. and Schlesinger, Sabrina and Lang, Alexander and Goletzke, Janina and Övermöhle, Cara and Strathmann, Eike A. and Straßburger, Klaus and Singh, Nitika and Zaharia, Oana-Patricia and Trenkamp, Sandra and Wagner, Robert and Lieb, Wolfgang and Buyken, Anette and Roden, Michael and Herder, Christian and Al-Hasani, H. and Belgardt, B. and Bönhof, G.J. and Geerling, G. and Icks, A. and Jandeleit-Dahm, K. and Kuß, O. and Lammert, E. and Schlesinger, S. and Schrauwen-Hinderling, V. and Szendroedi, J. and Trenkamp, Sandra}},
  issn         = {{2045-2322}},
  journal      = {{Scientific Reports}},
  number       = {{1}},
  publisher    = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}},
  title        = {{{Differential associations of dietary patterns with estimated 10-year cardiovascular risk in diabetes subtypes}}},
  doi          = {{10.1038/s41598-026-57026-y}},
  volume       = {{16}},
  year         = {{2026}},
}