Glycemic response to meals with a high glycemic index differs between morning and evening: a randomized cross-over controlled trial among students with early or late chronotype

B. Stutz, B. Krueger, J. Goletzke, N. Jankovic, U. Alexy, C. Herder, J. Dierkes, G. Berg-Beckhoff, R. Jakobsmeyer, C. Reinsberger, A.E. Buyken, European Journal of Nutrition (2024).

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Journal Article | Published | English
Author
Stutz, Bianca; Krueger, Bettina; Goletzke, Janina; Jankovic, NicoleLibreCat ; Alexy, Ute; Herder, Christian; Dierkes, Jutta; Berg-Beckhoff, Gabriele; Jakobsmeyer, Rasmus; Reinsberger, Claus; Buyken, Anette E.
Abstract
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec> <jats:title>Purpose</jats:title> <jats:p>Glycemic response to the same meal depends on daytime and alignment of consumption with the inner clock, which has not been examined by individual chronotype yet. This study examined whether the 2-h postprandial and 24-h glycemic response to a meal with high glycemic index (GI) differ when consumed early or late in the day among students with early or late chronotype.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Methods</jats:title> <jats:p>From a screening of 327 students aged 18–25 years, those with early (n = 22) or late (n = 23) chronotype participated in a 7-day randomized controlled cross-over intervention study. After a 3-day observational phase, standardized meals were provided on run-in/washout (days 4 and 6) and intervention (days 5 and 7), on which participants received a high GI meal (GI = 72) in the morning (7 a.m.) or in the evening (8 p.m.). All other meals had a medium GI. Continuous glucose monitoring was used to measure 2-h postprandial and 24-h glycemic responses and their variability.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Results</jats:title> <jats:p>Among students with early chronotype 2-h postprandial glucose responses to the high GI meal were higher in the evening than in the morning (iAUC: 234 (± 92) vs. 195 (± 91) (mmol/L) × min, p = 0.042). Likewise, mean and lowest 2-h postprandial glucose values were higher when the high GI meal was consumed in the evening (p &lt; 0.001; p = 0.017). 24-h glycemic responses were similar irrespective of meal time. Participants with late chronotype consuming a high GI meal in the morning or evening showed similar 2-h postprandial (iAUC: 211 (± 110) vs. 207 (± 95) (mmol/L) × min, p = 0.9) and 24-h glycemic responses at both daytimes.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title> <jats:p>Diurnal differences in response to a high GI meal are confined to those young adults with early chronotype, whilst those with a late chronotype seem vulnerable to both very early and late high GI meals. Registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04298645; 22/01/2020).</jats:p> </jats:sec>
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European Journal of Nutrition
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Stutz B, Krueger B, Goletzke J, et al. Glycemic response to meals with a high glycemic index differs between morning and evening: a randomized cross-over controlled trial among students with early or late chronotype. European Journal of Nutrition. Published online 2024. doi:10.1007/s00394-024-03372-4
Stutz, B., Krueger, B., Goletzke, J., Jankovic, N., Alexy, U., Herder, C., Dierkes, J., Berg-Beckhoff, G., Jakobsmeyer, R., Reinsberger, C., & Buyken, A. E. (2024). Glycemic response to meals with a high glycemic index differs between morning and evening: a randomized cross-over controlled trial among students with early or late chronotype. European Journal of Nutrition. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-024-03372-4
@article{Stutz_Krueger_Goletzke_Jankovic_Alexy_Herder_Dierkes_Berg-Beckhoff_Jakobsmeyer_Reinsberger_et al._2024, title={Glycemic response to meals with a high glycemic index differs between morning and evening: a randomized cross-over controlled trial among students with early or late chronotype}, DOI={10.1007/s00394-024-03372-4}, journal={European Journal of Nutrition}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Stutz, Bianca and Krueger, Bettina and Goletzke, Janina and Jankovic, Nicole and Alexy, Ute and Herder, Christian and Dierkes, Jutta and Berg-Beckhoff, Gabriele and Jakobsmeyer, Rasmus and Reinsberger, Claus and et al.}, year={2024} }
Stutz, Bianca, Bettina Krueger, Janina Goletzke, Nicole Jankovic, Ute Alexy, Christian Herder, Jutta Dierkes, et al. “Glycemic Response to Meals with a High Glycemic Index Differs between Morning and Evening: A Randomized Cross-over Controlled Trial among Students with Early or Late Chronotype.” European Journal of Nutrition, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-024-03372-4.
B. Stutz et al., “Glycemic response to meals with a high glycemic index differs between morning and evening: a randomized cross-over controlled trial among students with early or late chronotype,” European Journal of Nutrition, 2024, doi: 10.1007/s00394-024-03372-4.
Stutz, Bianca, et al. “Glycemic Response to Meals with a High Glycemic Index Differs between Morning and Evening: A Randomized Cross-over Controlled Trial among Students with Early or Late Chronotype.” European Journal of Nutrition, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2024, doi:10.1007/s00394-024-03372-4.

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