Developing a simplified linear-elastic material model for carbon paper applied in the rough rail-wheel contact

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>The contact between two partners can be determined using experimental or numerical methods. For the validation of numerical simulations, appropriate experiments and material models of the contact partners are required. Paper in combination with carbon paper can be used in experiments to detect the area of contact between contact partners. A simplified linear-elastic material model of paper for compression in the thickness direction was developed. To evaluate the material model, it was applied to an exemplary wheel-rail contact situation.</jats:p>