Toward the reproducible fabrication of conductive ferroelectric domain walls into lithium niobate bulk single crystals

J. Ratzenberger, I. Kiseleva, B. Koppitz, E. Beyreuther, M. Zahn, J. Gössel, P.A. Hegarty, Z.H. Amber, M. Rüsing, L.M. Eng, Journal of Applied Physics 136 (2024) 104302.

Journal Article | Published | English
Author
Ratzenberger, Julius; Kiseleva, Iuliia; Koppitz, Boris; Beyreuther, Elke; Zahn, Manuel; Gössel, Joshua; Hegarty, Peter A.; Amber, Zeeshan H.; Rüsing, MichaelLibreCat ; Eng, Lukas M.
Abstract
Ferroelectric domain walls (DWs) are promising structures for assembling future nano-electronic circuit elements on a larger scale since reporting domain wall currents of up to 1 mA per single DW. One key requirement hereto is their reproducible manufacturing by gaining preparative control over domain size and domain wall conductivity (DWC). To date, most works on DWC have focused on exploring the fundamental electrical properties of individual DWs within single-shot experiments, with an emphasis on quantifying the origins of DWC. Very few reports exist when it comes to comparing the DWC properties between two separate DWs, and literally nothing exists where issues of reproducibility in DWC devices have been addressed. To fill this gap while facing the challenge of finding guidelines for achieving predictable DWC performance, we report on a procedure that allows us to reproducibly prepare single hexagonal domains of a predefined diameter into uniaxial ferroelectric lithium niobate single crystals of 200 and 300 μm thickness, respectively. We show that the domain diameter can be controlled with an uncertainty of a few percent. As-grown DWs are then subjected to a standard procedure of current-limited high-voltage DWC enhancement, and they repetitively reach a DWC increase of six orders of magnitude. While all resulting DWs show significantly enhanced DWC values, their individual current–voltage (I–V) characteristics exhibit different shapes, which can be explained by variations in their 3D real structure reflecting local heterogeneities by defects, DW pinning, and surface-near DW inclination.
Publishing Year
Journal Title
Journal of Applied Physics
Volume
136
Issue
10
Page
104302
LibreCat-ID

Cite this

Ratzenberger J, Kiseleva I, Koppitz B, et al. Toward the reproducible fabrication of conductive ferroelectric domain walls into lithium niobate bulk single crystals. Journal of Applied Physics. 2024;136(10):104302. doi:10.1063/5.0219300
Ratzenberger, J., Kiseleva, I., Koppitz, B., Beyreuther, E., Zahn, M., Gössel, J., Hegarty, P. A., Amber, Z. H., Rüsing, M., & Eng, L. M. (2024). Toward the reproducible fabrication of conductive ferroelectric domain walls into lithium niobate bulk single crystals. Journal of Applied Physics, 136(10), 104302. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0219300
@article{Ratzenberger_Kiseleva_Koppitz_Beyreuther_Zahn_Gössel_Hegarty_Amber_Rüsing_Eng_2024, title={Toward the reproducible fabrication of conductive ferroelectric domain walls into lithium niobate bulk single crystals}, volume={136}, DOI={10.1063/5.0219300}, number={10}, journal={Journal of Applied Physics}, publisher={AIP Publishing}, author={Ratzenberger, Julius and Kiseleva, Iuliia and Koppitz, Boris and Beyreuther, Elke and Zahn, Manuel and Gössel, Joshua and Hegarty, Peter A. and Amber, Zeeshan H. and Rüsing, Michael and Eng, Lukas M.}, year={2024}, pages={104302} }
Ratzenberger, Julius, Iuliia Kiseleva, Boris Koppitz, Elke Beyreuther, Manuel Zahn, Joshua Gössel, Peter A. Hegarty, Zeeshan H. Amber, Michael Rüsing, and Lukas M. Eng. “Toward the Reproducible Fabrication of Conductive Ferroelectric Domain Walls into Lithium Niobate Bulk Single Crystals.” Journal of Applied Physics 136, no. 10 (2024): 104302. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0219300.
J. Ratzenberger et al., “Toward the reproducible fabrication of conductive ferroelectric domain walls into lithium niobate bulk single crystals,” Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 136, no. 10, p. 104302, 2024, doi: 10.1063/5.0219300.
Ratzenberger, Julius, et al. “Toward the Reproducible Fabrication of Conductive Ferroelectric Domain Walls into Lithium Niobate Bulk Single Crystals.” Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 136, no. 10, AIP Publishing, 2024, p. 104302, doi:10.1063/5.0219300.
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