Reconstructing AES Key Schedules from Decayed Memory with FPGAs

H. Riebler, T. Kenter, C. Plessl, C. Sorge, in: Proceedings of Field-Programmable Custom Computing Machines (FCCM), IEEE, 2014, pp. 222–229.

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Abstract
In this paper, we study how AES key schedules can be reconstructed from decayed memory. This operation is a crucial and time consuming operation when trying to break encryption systems with cold-boot attacks. In software, the reconstruction of the AES master key can be performed using a recursive, branch-and-bound tree-search algorithm that exploits redundancies in the key schedule for constraining the search space. In this work, we investigate how this branch-and-bound algorithm can be accelerated with FPGAs. We translated the recursive search procedure to a state machine with an explicit stack for each recursion level and create optimized datapaths to accelerate in particular the processing of the most frequently accessed tree levels. We support two different decay models, of which especially the more realistic non-idealized asymmetric decay model causes very high runtimes in software. Our implementation on a Maxeler dataflow computing system outperforms a software implementation for this model by up to 27x, which makes cold-boot attacks against AES practical even for high error rates.
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Proceedings Title
Proceedings of Field-Programmable Custom Computing Machines (FCCM)
Page
222-229
LibreCat-ID
377

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Riebler H, Kenter T, Plessl C, Sorge C. Reconstructing AES Key Schedules from Decayed Memory with FPGAs. In: Proceedings of Field-Programmable Custom Computing Machines (FCCM). IEEE; 2014:222-229. doi:10.1109/FCCM.2014.67
Riebler, H., Kenter, T., Plessl, C., & Sorge, C. (2014). Reconstructing AES Key Schedules from Decayed Memory with FPGAs. Proceedings of Field-Programmable Custom Computing Machines (FCCM), 222–229. https://doi.org/10.1109/FCCM.2014.67
@inproceedings{Riebler_Kenter_Plessl_Sorge_2014, title={Reconstructing AES Key Schedules from Decayed Memory with FPGAs}, DOI={10.1109/FCCM.2014.67}, booktitle={Proceedings of Field-Programmable Custom Computing Machines (FCCM)}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Riebler, Heinrich and Kenter, Tobias and Plessl, Christian and Sorge, Christoph}, year={2014}, pages={222–229} }
Riebler, Heinrich, Tobias Kenter, Christian Plessl, and Christoph Sorge. “Reconstructing AES Key Schedules from Decayed Memory with FPGAs.” In Proceedings of Field-Programmable Custom Computing Machines (FCCM), 222–29. IEEE, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1109/FCCM.2014.67.
H. Riebler, T. Kenter, C. Plessl, and C. Sorge, “Reconstructing AES Key Schedules from Decayed Memory with FPGAs,” in Proceedings of Field-Programmable Custom Computing Machines (FCCM), 2014, pp. 222–229, doi: 10.1109/FCCM.2014.67.
Riebler, Heinrich, et al. “Reconstructing AES Key Schedules from Decayed Memory with FPGAs.” Proceedings of Field-Programmable Custom Computing Machines (FCCM), IEEE, 2014, pp. 222–29, doi:10.1109/FCCM.2014.67.
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